自己的硕士研究方向和区块链有关，工程上一直以IBM的Hyperledger Fabric为基础进行开发，对该项目关注也有两年了。目前迎来了Hyperledger Fabric v1.4，这也是Fabric的第一个长期支持版本，因此也比较有代表性，故在此和大家分享一下自己的环境搭建过程。
附上v1.4的官方文档：https://hyperledger-fabric.readthedocs.io/en/release-1.4/。
环境说明:
本人测试环境为腾讯云学生机（1Core/RAM 2G/ROM 50G），CentOS 7.5 64位。
Golang 安装配置（非必须）
下载安装包
mkdir download cd download
# 从国内站点下载合适的安装包
wget https://studygolang.com/dl/golang/go1.12.4.linux-amd64.tar.gz
解压
tar -C /usr/local/ -xzvf go1.12.4.linux-amd64.tar.gz #解压到/usr/local/go目录下
配置
vim /etc/profile # 配置系统环境变量 # 在最下方插入 # Golang 环境变量 export GOROOT=/usr/local/go export GOPATH=/root/go export GOBIN=$GOPATH/bin export PATH=$PATH:$GOROOT/bin export PATH=$PATH:$GOPATH/bin #使配置的环境变量生效 source /etc/profile #检查是否配置正确
go version
说明：Go的环境并非运行的必须条件，但后期调试智能合约可能会用到，而且官网安装说明也提到了需要安装Go。
Node.js 安装配置（非必须）
通过nvm安装Node.js和npm，该步骤也不是运行的必须条件，但后期如果需要node-sdk来开发应用程序的话就需要node环境。（npm源切换可参考npm 淘宝源切换教程）
安装nvm（官方文档：https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvm）
# 安装后重启该会话或重新开一个会话即可生效 curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.34.0/install.sh | bash
通过nvm安装Node.js和npm
# 查看当前支持的版本，fabricv1.4要求只支持8.x nvm ls-remote # 安装当前8.x LTS的最新版本（会同时安装npm） nvm install 8.16.0 # 检查node.js安装版本 node -v # 检查npm的安装版本 npm -v
Docker 安装
Docker安装社区版的就可以，参考官方文档：https://docs.docker.com/install/linux/docker-ce/centos/
参考官方文档的第一种通过仓库安装的方式（傻瓜操作的话第三种直接脚本安装更简单）。
p.s. 由于docker-hub镜像仓库在国外，可能会被墙或者很慢，建议大家参考daocloud加速器配置一下仓库，或者用云服务器的可以参考各家的docker仓库源（阿里Docker镜像库、腾讯Docker镜像库等）。
卸载旧版本
sudo yum remove docker docker-client docker-client-latest docker-common docker-latest docker-latest-logrotate docker-logrotate docker-engine
安装docker-ce的必需条件
sudo yum install -y yum-utils device-mapper-persistent-data lvm2
设置稳定版的仓库
sudo yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
安装docker-ce
yum install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io
启动docker
sudo systemctl start docker
测试docker是否安装成功
sudo docker run hello-world
Docker Compose 安装
Fabric中节点容器编排使用的使docker-compose，故需要安装docker-compose。官方文档：https://docs.docker.com/compose/install/
下载docker-compose
sudo curl -L "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.24.0/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
为docker-compose配置执行权限
sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
检查是否安装成功
docker-compose -v
源码获取
通过go get 的方式获取源码，配合git切换分支
获取fabric源码
# 获取fabric源码 go get -u github.com/hyperledger/fabric # 进入目录 切换分支 cd go/src/github.com/hyperledger/fabric git checkout v1.4.1
获取fabric-sample源码
go get github.com/hyperledger/fabric-samples # 进入目录，切换分支 cd go/src/github.com/hyperledger/fabric-samples/ git checkout v1.4.1
获取镜像和二进制文件
我们通过fabric-sample测试
通过脚本获取docker镜像和可执行文件（建议事先配置好docker仓库）
cd go/src/github.com/hyperledger/fabric-samples/scripts/ #此处可能因为网络问题执行时间比较久 bash bootstrap.sh
运行测试
通过fabric-sample中first-network示例测试，执行了一个A和B转账，中间多次查询余额的一个过程。
docker运行需要权限，最好用root身份运行。
找到first-network示例
cd go/src/github.com/hyperledger/fabric-samples/first-network
生成密钥文件
[root@VM_0_39_centos first-network]# bash byfn.sh generate
Generating certs and genesis block for channel 'mychannel' with CLI timeout of '10' seconds and CLI delay of '3' seconds
Continue? [Y/n] y
proceeding ...
/root/go/src/github.com/hyperledger/fabric-samples/bin/cryptogen
##########################################################
##### Generate certificates using cryptogen tool #########
##########################################################
+ cryptogen generate --config=./crypto-config.yaml
org1.example.com
org2.example.com
+ res=0
+ set +x
/root/go/src/github.com/hyperledger/fabric-samples/bin/configtxgen
##########################################################
######### Generating Orderer Genesis block ##############
##########################################################
CONSENSUS_TYPE=solo
+ '[' solo == solo ']'
+ configtxgen -profile TwoOrgsOrdererGenesis -channelID byfn-sys-channel -outputBlock ./channel-artifacts/genesis.block
2019-05-03 21:22:43.122 CST [common.tools.configtxgen] main -> INFO 001 Loading configuration
2019-05-03 21:22:43.232 CST [common.tools.configtxgen.localconfig] completeInitialization -> INFO 002 orderer type: solo
2019-05-03 21:22:43.232 CST [common.tools.configtxgen.localconfig] Load -> INFO 003 Loaded configuration: /root/go/src/github.com/hyperledger/fabric-samples/first-network/configtx.yaml
2019-05-03 21:22:43.338 CST [common.tools.configtxgen.localconfig] completeInitialization -> INFO 004 orderer type: solo
2019-05-03 21:22:43.338 CST [common.tools.configtxgen.localconfig] LoadTopLevel -> INFO 005 Loaded configuration: /root/go/src/github.com/hyperledger/fabric-samples/first-network/configtx.yaml
2019-05-03 21:22:43.347 CST [common.tools.configtxgen] doOutputBlock -> INFO 006 Generating genesis block
2019-05-03 21:22:43.347 CST [common.tools.configtxgen] doOutputBlock -> INFO 007 Writing genesis block
+ res=0
+ set +x
#################################################################
### Generating channel configuration transaction 'channel.tx' ###
#################################################################
+ configtxgen -profile TwoOrgsChannel -outputCreateChannelTx ./channel-artifacts/channel.tx -channelID mychannel
2019-05-03 21:22:43.395 CST [common.tools.configtxgen] main -> INFO 001 Loading configuration
2019-05-03 21:22:43.515 CST [common.tools.configtxgen.localconfig] Load -> INFO 002 Loaded configuration: /root/go/src/github.com/hyperledger/fabric-samples/first-network/configtx.yaml
2019-05-03 21:22:43.622 CST [common.tools.configtxgen.localconfig] completeInitialization -> INFO 003 orderer type: solo
2019-05-03 21:22:43.622 CST [common.tools.configtxgen.localconfig] LoadTopLevel -> INFO 004 Loaded configuration: /root/go/src/github.com/hyperledger/fabric-samples/first-network/configtx.yaml
2019-05-03 21:22:43.622 CST [common.tools.configtxgen] doOutputChannelCreateTx -> INFO 005 Generating new channel configtx
2019-05-03 21:22:43.657 CST [common.tools.configtxgen] doOutputChannelCreateTx -> INFO 006 Writing new channel tx
+ res=0
+ set +x
#################################################################
####### Generating anchor peer update for Org1MSP ##########
#################################################################
+ configtxgen -profile TwoOrgsChannel -outputAnchorPeersUpdate ./channel-artifacts/Org1MSPanchors.tx -channelID mychannel -asOrg Org1MSP
2019-05-03 21:22:43.714 CST [common.tools.configtxgen] main -> INFO 001 Loading configuration
2019-05-03 21:22:43.795 CST [common.tools.configtxgen.localconfig] Load -> INFO 002 Loaded configuration: /root/go/src/github.com/hyperledger/fabric-samples/first-network/configtx.yaml
2019-05-03 21:22:43.876 CST [common.tools.configtxgen.localconfig] completeInitialization -> INFO 003 orderer type: solo
2019-05-03 21:22:43.876 CST [common.tools.configtxgen.localconfig] LoadTopLevel -> INFO 004 Loaded configuration: /root/go/src/github.com/hyperledger/fabric-samples/first-network/configtx.yaml
2019-05-03 21:22:43.876 CST [common.tools.configtxgen] doOutputAnchorPeersUpdate -> INFO 005 Generating anchor peer update
2019-05-03 21:22:43.877 CST [common.tools.configtxgen] doOutputAnchorPeersUpdate -> INFO 006 Writing anchor peer update
+ res=0
+ set +x
#################################################################
####### Generating anchor peer update for Org2MSP ##########
#################################################################
+ configtxgen -profile TwoOrgsChannel -outputAnchorPeersUpdate ./channel-artifacts/Org2MSPanchors.tx -channelID mychannel -asOrg Org2MSP
2019-05-03 21:22:43.913 CST [common.tools.configtxgen] main -> INFO 001 Loading configuration
2019-05-03 21:22:43.995 CST [common.tools.configtxgen.localconfig] Load -> INFO 002 Loaded configuration: /root/go/src/github.com/hyperledger/fabric-samples/first-network/configtx.yaml
2019-05-03 21:22:44.073 CST [common.tools.configtxgen.localconfig] completeInitialization -> INFO 003 orderer type: solo
2019-05-03 21:22:44.073 CST [common.tools.configtxgen.localconfig] LoadTopLevel -> INFO 004 Loaded configuration: /root/go/src/github.com/hyperledger/fabric-samples/first-network/configtx.yaml
2019-05-03 21:22:44.073 CST [common.tools.configtxgen] doOutputAnchorPeersUpdate -> INFO 005 Generating anchor peer update
2019-05-03 21:22:44.074 CST [common.tools.configtxgen] doOutputAnchorPeersUpdate -> INFO 006 Writing anchor peer update
+ res=0
+ set +x
启动示例
[root@VM_0_39_centos first-network]# bash byfn.sh up Starting for channel 'mychannel' with CLI timeout of '10' seconds and CLI delay of '3' seconds Continue? [Y/n] y proceeding ... LOCAL_VERSION=1.4.1 DOCKER_IMAGE_VERSION=1.4.1 Creating network "net_byfn" with the default driver Creating volume "net_orderer.example.com" with default driver Creating volume "net_peer0.org1.example.com" with default driver Creating volume "net_peer1.org1.example.com" with default driver Creating volume "net_peer0.org2.example.com" with default driver Creating volume "net_peer1.org2.example.com" with default driver Creating orderer.example.com ... done Creating peer1.org2.example.com ... done Creating peer1.org1.example.com ... done Creating peer0.org2.example.com ... done Creating peer0.org1.example.com ... done Creating cli ... done CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 2cf554ced6b0 hyperledger/fabric-tools:latest "/bin/bash" 1 second ago Up Less than a second cli fec18ca70d8d hyperledger/fabric-peer:latest "peer node start" 4 seconds ago Up 1 second 0.0.0.0:7051->7051/tcp peer0.org1.example.com 95427a7d76ce hyperledger/fabric-peer:latest "peer node start" 4 seconds ago Up 1 second 0.0.0.0:10051->10051/tcp peer1.org2.example.com 8c7084b42ea7 hyperledger/fabric-orderer:latest "orderer" 4 seconds ago Up 1 second 0.0.0.0:7050->7050/tcp orderer.example.com 3456e8793e46 hyperledger/fabric-peer:latest "peer node start" 4 seconds ago Up 1 second 0.0.0.0:8051->8051/tcp peer1.org1.example.com aa167f7fcc27 hyperledger/fabric-peer:latest "peer node start" 4 seconds ago Up 1 second 0.0.0.0:9051->9051/tcp peer0.org2.example.com 95271becf126 hello-world "/hello" 3 days ago Exited (0) 3 days ago pensive_curie ____ _____ _ ____ _____ / ___| |_ _| / | _ |_ _| \___ | | / _ | |_) | | | ___) | | | / ___ | _ < | | |____/ |_| /_/ \_ |_| \_ |_| Build your first network (BYFN) end-to-end test Channel name : mychannel Creating channel... + peer channel create -o orderer.example.com:7050 -c mychannel -f ./channel-artifacts/channel.tx --tls true --cafile /opt/gopath/src/github.com/hyperledger/fabric/peer/crypto/ordererOrganizations/example.com/orderers/orderer.example.com/msp/tlscacerts/tlsca.example.com-cert.pem # 此处省略日志输出 Installing chaincode on peer1.org2... + peer chaincode install -n mycc -v 1.0 -l golang -p github.com/chaincode/chaincode_example02/go/ + res=0 + set +x 2019-05-03 13:25:47.540 UTC [chaincodeCmd] checkChaincodeCmdParams -> INFO 001 Using default escc 2019-05-03 13:25:47.540 UTC [chaincodeCmd] checkChaincodeCmdParams -> INFO 002 Using default vscc 2019-05-03 13:25:47.751 UTC [chaincodeCmd] install -> INFO 003 Installed remotely response:<status:200 payload:"OK" > ===================== Chaincode is installed on peer1.org2 ===================== Querying chaincode on peer1.org2... ===================== Querying on peer1.org2 on channel 'mychannel'... ===================== Attempting to Query peer1.org2 ...3 secs + peer chaincode query -C mychannel -n mycc -c '{"Args":["query","a"]}' + res=0 + set +x 90 ===================== Query successful on peer1.org2 on channel 'mychannel' ===================== ========= All GOOD, BYFN execution completed =========== _____ _ _ ____ | ____| | | | | _ | _| | | | | | | | | |___ | | | | |_| | |_____| |_| \_| |____/
清除示例
执行删除密钥文件，停止并删除容器等操作
[root@VM_0_39_centos first-network]# bash byfn.sh down Stopping for channel 'mychannel' with CLI timeout of '10' seconds and CLI delay of '3' seconds Continue? [Y/n] y proceeding ... Stopping cli ... done Stopping peer0.org1.example.com ... done Stopping peer1.org2.example.com ... done Stopping orderer.example.com ... done Stopping peer1.org1.example.com ... done Stopping peer0.org2.example.com ... done Removing cli ... done Removing peer0.org1.example.com ... done Removing peer1.org2.example.com ... done Removing orderer.example.com ... done Removing peer1.org1.example.com ... done Removing peer0.org2.example.com ... done Removing network net_byfn Removing volume net_orderer.example.com Removing volume net_peer0.org1.example.com Removing volume net_peer1.org1.example.com Removing volume net_peer0.org2.example.com Removing volume net_peer1.org2.example.com Removing volume net_orderer2.example.com WARNING: Volume net_orderer2.example.com not found. Removing volume net_orderer3.example.com WARNING: Volume net_orderer3.example.com not found. Removing volume net_orderer4.example.com WARNING: Volume net_orderer4.example.com not found. Removing volume net_orderer5.example.com WARNING: Volume net_orderer5.example.com not found. Removing volume net_peer0.org3.example.com WARNING: Volume net_peer0.org3.example.com not found. Removing volume net_peer1.org3.example.com WARNING: Volume net_peer1.org3.example.com not found. d58e2eba8e9d aa7c6c5dd7f7 15ef69f6b748 Untagged: dev-peer1.org2.example.com-mycc-1.0-26c2ef32838554aac4f7ad6f100aca865e87959c9a126e86d764c8d01f8346ab:latest Deleted: sha256:044ed90bbd20fbc015f1c75f578d17d327b53c599bfa603cf59f8f2b6a3a2749 Deleted: sha256:4c90c84d87522dde761b147e98d803d61e8dd113dce2d612bac7683b1e95a0f0 Deleted: sha256:5916889234775a9d49d5e5f25c5f3e226076e453c7188e3121271c98709c89bc Deleted: sha256:7729eea67cc67a9d310f5b53bcb40e83b8496cd954d08230efabaa229cc30c41 Untagged: dev-peer0.org1.example.com-mycc-1.0-384f11f484b9302df90b453200cfb25174305fce8f53f4e94d45ee3b6cab0ce9:latest Deleted: sha256:f214e2732061d2e21dec13fa499296da861eb7da6a29631ee76c139218083197 Deleted: sha256:a4f9f0680f5b42484c8ae4675aec4d3aaf1c591c27bd375813f71ccbb2afca92 Deleted: sha256:d786c76106b411dd66b2d57904a215ca1dfce30ae2adca1127dc95b588655f15 Deleted: sha256:ba3660f49899db646d6b2a2703c4b73cf7a647b1d3a170fb8909a66fccc48c1d Untagged: dev-peer0.org2.example.com-mycc-1.0-15b571b3ce849066b7ec74497da3b27e54e0df1345daff3951b94245ce09c42b:latest Deleted: sha256:870943518d7142d03509e589e4ea57837c4b092d60dd3097d9f8d113078498a0 Deleted: sha256:5dc11c2c52f40e2883a450528fdd008b4a372aaebbd9c2aec548eb3b8a0b610a Deleted: sha256:528ba6c50b298c20b9a408fda4284372d0d0c031bbc595b8a309d3513497c355 Deleted: sha256:e85509bd000d5685db47a5031d4e929b08cebdff050f5dd35c903dbd1eabc0a4