Python面向对象-学习笔记

class Student():
    name = 'lemon'

print(Student.__dict__)
print(Student.name)
Student.name = 'lemon-Xu'
print(Student.name)

• Class.__dict__:返回类相关信息
• Class.name:设置或返回属性

class Student():
    name = 'lemon'

    def say(self,name):
        self.name = name
        print(self.name)


a = Student()

a.say('lemon-Xu')

Student.say(Student,'lemon-X')

• 类函数第一个参数必须传入一个对象
• 当实例化对象调用时传入自身.如果类对象调用时必须手动传入类对象

class Student():
    name = 'lemon'

    def __init__(self,name):
        self.name = name


a = Student('lemon-Xu')
b = Student('lemon-a')

print(a.__dict__)
print(b.__dict__)
print(Student.__dict__)

• __init__(self),建议只写一个,重载请参考:https://www.cnblogs.com/erbaodabao0611/p/7490439.html

class Student():
    __name = 'lemon'

    def __init__(self,name):
        self.__name = name
a = Student('lemon-X')
try:
    print(a.name)
except :
    print('双下滑线的变量名被更名,所以找不到它,它被改名为_Class__attribute')
print(a._Student__name)

print(Student._Student__name)

• 被__(双下划线)修饰的属性,会被更名为_Class__attribute
• 被_(单下划线)修饰的属性,是被保护的属性

class Pepole:
    name = 'lemon' # 公共
    __age = 18 # 私有
    _adr = '百草路' # 受保护

    def __init__(self,name):
        self.name = name

    def sleep(self):
        print('困了睡觉....')

class Student(Pepole):
    def work(self):
        print("写作业")

    def sleep(self):
        self.work()
        super().sleep()

s = Student('lemon')
print(Pepole.__dict__)
print(Student.__dict__)
print(s.__dict__)
s.sleep()

• super()方法得到父类

# extends super

class A():
    def __init__(self,name):
        print('A')
        print(name)
# 第一种
class B(A):
    name = 'B'
    def __init__(self,name):
        A.__init__(self,name)
        print('B')

    def a(self):
        print('当前类是:',self.name)
# 第二种
class C(B):
    name = 'C'
    def __init__(self,name):
        super().__init__(name)
        print('C')

    def C2(self):
        super().a()

a = A('lemon')
print()
c = C('lemon')
c.C2()


run:
A
lemon

A
lemon
B
C
当前类是: B

• super().方法,默认传入当前对象