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查看HBase状态
hbase(main):001:0> status 1 active master, 0 backup masters, 2 servers, 0 dead, 33.0000 average load- 1
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查看HBase版本
hbase(main):002:0> version 1.2.0-cdh5.12.1, rUnknown, Thu Aug 24 09:45:34 PDT 2017- 1
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查看当前用户
hbase(main):003:0> whoami root (auth:SIMPLE) groups: root, supergroup- 1
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查看对某张表进行操作的基本命令
hbase(main):004:0> table_help ...- 1
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查看所有表
hbase(main):005:0> list TABLE HBASE_TEST1 HBASE_TEST2 29 row(s) in 0.0570 seconds => ["HBASE_TEST1", "HBASE_TEST2"]- 1
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创建表
语法:
create <table> , { NAME => <family> , VERSIONS => <VERSIONS> , ...}, { NAME => <family> , VERSIONS => <VERSIONS> , ...}- 1
hbase(main):008:0> create 'test', 'cf' 0 row(s) in 1.2240 seconds => Hbase::Table - test- 1
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判断表是否存在
语法:
list <table>- 1
hbase(main):009:0> list 'test' TABLE test 1 row(s) in 0.0030 seconds => ["test"]- 1
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语法:
exists <table>- 1
hbase(main):015:0> exists 'test' Table test does exist 0 row(s) in 0.0200 seconds hbase(main):016:0> exists 'test1' Table test1 does not exist 0 row(s) in 0.0120 seconds- 1
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查看表结构
语法:
describe <table>- 1
hbase(main):010:0> describe 'test' #或 hbase(main):010:0> desc 'test' Table test is ENABLED test COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION {NAME => 'cf', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', VERSIONS => '1', IN_MEMORY => 'false', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', TTL => 'FOREVER', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIO NS => '0', BLOCKCACHE => 'true', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0'} 1 row(s) in 0.1100 seconds- 1
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其中的属性的意义:
属性 说明 NAME 列族名 VERSIONS 最大版本号 MIN_VERSIONS 最小版本号 TTL（Time To Live） 存活时间 IN_MEMORY 是否开启缓存，默认false，应该开启，否则与BLOCKCACHE冲突 BLOCKCACHE 读缓存是否开启，默认开启，64M -
添加数据
语法:
put <table>, <rowkey>, <family:column>, <value>, <timestamp>- 1
timestamp 系统默认
hbase(main):017:0> put 'test', 'row1', 'cf:a', 'value1' 0 row(s) in 0.4670 seconds hbase(main):018:0> put 'test', 'row2', 'cf:b', 'value2' 0 row(s) in 0.0110 seconds hbase(main):019:0> put 'test', 'row3', 'cf:c', 'value3' 0 row(s) in 0.0070 seconds- 1
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全表扫描
语法:
scan <table> , {COLUMNS => [<family:column>,...], LIMIT => num}- 1
扫描全表
hbase(main):020:0> scan 'test' ROW COLUMN+CELL row1 column=cf:a, timestamp=1558942138361, value=value1 row2 column=cf:b, timestamp=1558942146386, value=value2 row3 column=cf:c, timestamp=1558942153915, value=value3 3 row(s) in 0.0690 seconds- 1
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扫描指定列族
hbase(main):021:0> scan 'test' ,{COLUMNS => 'cf'} ROW COLUMN+CELL row1 column=cf:a, timestamp=1558942138361, value=value1 row2 column=cf:b, timestamp=1558942146386, value=value2 row3 column=cf:c, timestamp=1558942153915, value=value3 3 row(s) in 0.0130 seconds- 1
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设置开启Raw模式，开启Raw模式会把那些已添加删除标记但是未实际删除的数据也显示出来
scan 'test', {COLUMNS => 'cf', RAW => true}- 1
查询test表中列族为info和data的信息
scan ‘test’, {COLUMNS => [‘cf’, ‘a’]}
查询test表中列族为cf，列名为a的信息hbase(main):039:0> scan 'test', {COLUMNS => ['cf:a']} ROW COLUMN+CELL row1 column=cf:a, timestamp=1558942138361, value=value1 1 row(s) in 0.0070 seconds ```shell 查询user表中列族为info，列名为name的信息，并且版本最新的5个 ```shell scan 'user', {COLUMNS => 'info:name', VERSIONS => 5}- 1
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查询user表中列族为info和data且列名含有a字符的信息
scan 'user', {COLUMNS => ['info', 'data'], FILTER => "(QualifierFilter(=,'substring:a'))"}- 1
查询user表中列族为info，rk范围是[rk0001, rk0003)的数据
scan 'people', {COLUMNS => 'info', STARTROW => 'rk0001', ENDROW => 'rk0003'}- 1
查询user表中row key以rk字符开头的
scan 'user',{FILTER=>"PrefixFilter('rk')"}- 1
查询user表中指定时间范围的数据
scan 'user', {TIMERANGE => [1392368783980, 1392380169184]}- 1
查询满足条件的前5条数据
hbase(main):024:0> scan 'test' ,{LIMIT => 5} ROW COLUMN+CELL row1 column=cf:a, timestamp=1558942138361, value=value1 1 row(s) in 0.0180 seconds- 1
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scan的用法很多，参数，过滤条件可以各种组合。参考
help 'scan' -
查询某行记录
语法:
get <table>, <rowkey>, { <family:column>...}- 1
hbase(main):041:0> get 'test', 'row1' COLUMN CELL cf:a timestamp=1558942138361, value=value1 1 row(s) in 0.0130 seconds- 1
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查询表数据的行数
语法:
count <table>, {INTERVAL => intervalNum ,CACHE => cacheNum}- 1
INTERVAL 设置多少行显示一次及对应的rowkey，默认1000。
CACHE 每次去取的缓存区大小,默认10,调整该参数可提高查询速度。hbase(main):001:0> count 'MY_SCHEMA:PERSONAS', {INTERVAL => 100 ,CACHE => 500} Current count: 100, row: 0490ec15106068238 Current count: 200, row: 0920b813602752880 Current count: 300, row: 0db35c15900425591 Current count: 400, row: 124e8915900828482 Current count: 500, row: 16e0d113902624856 559 row(s) in 11.2610 seconds => 559- 1
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删除数据
语法:
delete <table>, <rowkey>, <family:column>, <timestamp> 必须指定列名。- 1
hbase(main):004:0> delete 'test','row1','cf:a' 0 row(s) in 0.0880 seconds- 1
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注: 删除表test中row1行中cf:a列所有版本的数据
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删除行
语法:
deleteall <table>, <rowkey>, <family:column>, <timestamp> 可以不指定列名，删除整行数据。- 1
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hbase(main):003:0> deleteall 'test','row2' 0 row(s) in 0.0310 seconds- 1
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删除表中的所有数据
语法:
truncate <table>- 1
具体过程是:
disable table->drop table->create tablehbase(main):005:0> truncate 'test' Truncating 'test' table (it may take a while): - Disabling table... - Truncating table... 0 row(s) in 3.6110 seconds- 1
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修改数据
语法:put table>, <rowkey>, <family:column>, <value>, <timestamp> 可以不指定列名，删除整行数据。- 1
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hbase(main):001:0> put 'test','rowkey001','cf:a','value1' 0 row(s) in 0.2410 seconds hbase(main):002:0> scan 'test' ROW COLUMN+CELL rowkey001 column=cf:a, timestamp=1558945565238, value=value1 1 row(s) in 0.0550 seconds hbase(main):003:0> put 'test','rowkey001','cf:a','value2' 0 row(s) in 0.0030 seconds hbase(main):004:0> scan 'test' ROW COLUMN+CELL rowkey001 column=cf:a, timestamp=1558945576947, value=value2 1 row(s) in 0.0040 seconds- 1
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删除表
语法:
drop <table>- 1
注意: 在删除表前，需要先禁用表
hbase(main):008:0> disable 'test' 0 row(s) in 2.2680 seconds hbase(main):009:0> drop 'test' 0 row(s) in 1.2520 seconds hbase(main):011:0> exists 'test' Table test does not exist 0 row(s) in 0.0100 seconds- 1
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修改表结构
增加列族
语法:alter <table>, { NAME => <family> , VERSIONS => <VERSIONS> , ...} ...- 1
hbase(main):015:0> alter 'test', 'add_family' Updating all regions with the new schema... 1/1 regions updated. Done. 0 row(s) in 1.9340 seconds- 1
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删除列族
语法:
alter <table>, { NAME => <family> , METHOD => 'delete'}- 1
用法:
alter 'table_name', {NAME => 'delete_family', METHOD => 'delete'}- 1
或者
alter 'table_name', 'delete' => 'delete_family'- 1
示例:
hbase(main):021:0> alter 'test', {NAME => 'add_family', METHOD => 'delete'},{NAME => 'add', METHOD => 'delete'} Updating all regions with the new schema... 1/1 regions updated. Done. Updating all regions with the new schema... 1/1 regions updated. Done. 0 row(s) in 3.8020 seconds- 1
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添加列族f1同时删除列族f2
alter 'user', {NAME => 'f1'}, {NAME => 'f2', METHOD => 'delete'}- 1
修改列族
将user表的f1列族版本号改为5
alter 'user', NAME => 'f1', VERSIONS => 5- 1
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禁用表与启用表
禁用表 disable 'table_name' 查看表是否禁用 is_disabled 'table_name' 启用表 enable 'table_name' 查看表是否启用 is_enabled 'table_name'