背景
我最近在一个Asp.net core Web 程序在经过nginx代理后 ，总是获取不到用户真实i和scheme（HttpContext.Request.Scheme），挠头；
我们一般从请求头获取用户ip:（我就用的这种
context.Request.Headers["X-Forwarded-For"]
当然这个时候要去你nginx要配置了 X-Forwarded-For
我们也可以用Forwarded Headers Middleware方式：
Request.HttpContext.Connection.RemoteIpAddress?.MapToIPv4().ToString();
当然按文档 ，在经过nginx代理后，我们是这样获取用户真实ip和scheme的：
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
services.AddControllersWithViews();
services.Configure<ForwardedHeadersOptions>(options =>
{
options.ForwardedHeaders =
ForwardedHeaders.XForwardedFor | ForwardedHeaders.XForwardedProto;
});
}
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
{
app.UseForwardedHeaders();
if (env.IsDevelopment())
{
app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
}
else
{
app.UseExceptionHandler("/Home/Error");
app.UseHsts();
}
//...
}
我虽然用的第一种从请求头中获取，但是Forwarded Headers Middleware 以上的这两步配置我都配置了。
后面看到dudu的，配置改为如下：
services.Configure<ForwardedHeadersOptions>(options =>
{
options.ForwardedHeaders = ForwardedHeaders.XForwardedFor | ForwardedHeaders.XForwardedProto;
//新增如下两行
options.KnownNetworks.Clear();
options.KnownProxies.Clear();
//可以自定义这个头防止伪造X-Forwarded-For攻击，不过我觉得在第一层nginx那里配置 ：proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr; 比较方便，具体不展开了大家自己搜下
//options.ForwardedForHeaderName = "X-Forwarded-For-My-Custom-Header-Name";
});
安装dudu说法：
如果负载均衡不是在本机通过 Loopback 地址转发请求的，一定要加上 options.KnownNetworks.Clear 与 options.KnownProxies.Clear 的
下面我获取下加了 options.KnownNetworks.Clear(); options.KnownProxies.Clear();与不加，获取的请求头的区别大家有兴趣可以复制下来对比下
获取请求头的代码
访问链接：https://test.mydomain.com/GetRequestHeader
[HttpGet]
public IActionResult GetRequestHeader()
{
var Scheme = _httpContextAccessor.HttpContext.Request.Scheme;
var RemoteIpAddress = _httpContextAccessor.HttpContext.Connection?.RemoteIpAddress;
var RemotePort = _httpContextAccessor.HttpContext.Connection?.RemotePort;
var Host = _httpContextAccessor.HttpContext.Request?.Host;
var realip = _httpContextAccessor.HttpContext.RealIp();
var header = _httpContextAccessor.HttpContext.Request.Headers.ToList();
return Success("success", new { Scheme, RemoteIpAddress = RemoteIpAddress.ToString(), RemotePort = RemotePort.Value, Host = Host.Value, realip, header });
}
加Clear()
{
"status": 1,
"msg": "success",
"data": {
"scheme": "https",
"remoteIpAddress": "172.16.1.174",
"remotePort": 0,
"host": {
"value": "test.mydomain.com",
"hasValue": true,
"host": "test.mydomain.com",
"port": null
},
"realip": "172.16.1.174",
"header": [
{
"Key": "Connection",
"Value": [
"keep-alive"
]
},
{
"Key": "Accept",
"Value": [
"text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9"
]
},
{
"Key": "Accept-Encoding",
"Value": [
"gzip, deflate, br"
]
},
{
"Key": "Accept-Language",
"Value": [
"zh-CN,zh;q=0.9"
]
},
{
"Key": "Host",
"Value": [
"test.mydomain.com"
]
},
{
"Key": "User-Agent",
"Value": [
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/92.0.4515.107 Safari/537.36"
]
},
{
"Key": "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests",
"Value": [
"1"
]
},
{
"Key": "X-Original-Proto",
"Value": [
"http"
]
},
{
"Key": "X-Forwarded-Host",
"Value": [
"test.mydomain.com"
]
},
{
"Key": "X-Forwarded-Port",
"Value": [
"443"
]
},
{
"Key": "X-Forwarded-Path",
"Value": [
"/rest/api/login/test"
]
},
{
"Key": "X-Real-IP",
"Value": [
"172.16.1.174"
]
},
{
"Key": "sec-ch-ua",
"Value": [
""Chromium";v="92", " Not A;Brand";v="99", "Google Chrome";v="92""
]
},
{
"Key": "sec-ch-ua-mobile",
"Value": [
"?0"
]
},
{
"Key": "sec-fetch-site",
"Value": [
"none"
]
},
{
"Key": "sec-fetch-mode",
"Value": [
"navigate"
]
},
{
"Key": "sec-fetch-user",
"Value": [
"?1"
]
},
{
"Key": "sec-fetch-dest",
"Value": [
"document"
]
},
{
"Key": "X-Original-For",
"Value": [
"[::ffff:172.16.3.119]:53404"
]
}
]
}
}
不加Clear()
{
"status": 1,
"msg": "success",
"data": {
"scheme": "https",
"remoteIpAddress": "::ffff:127.0.0.1",
"remotePort": 52804,
"host": {
"value": "test.mydomain.com",
"hasValue": true,
"host": "test.mydomain.com",
"port": null
},
"realip": "::ffff:127.0.0.1",
"header": [
{
"Key": "Cache-Control",
"Value": [
"max-age=0"
]
},
{
"Key": "Connection",
"Value": [
"close"
]
},
{
"Key": "Accept",
"Value": [
"text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9"
]
},
{
"Key": "Accept-Encoding",
"Value": [
"gzip, deflate, br"
]
},
{
"Key": "Accept-Language",
"Value": [
"zh-CN,zh;q=0.9"
]
},
{
"Key": "Cookie",
"Value": [
"_ga=GA1.2.1892895098.1524056233; _39wt_pk_cookie=d87f6237c18985a98db6aa79c0cdabb2-1015182643; _39wt_last_session_cookie=2b9b9210771666befc14a73de4951694-1544111121; _39wt_last_visit_time_cookie=1540012072376; __utma=202198739.1892895098.1524056233.1554648728.1563892800.3; __utrace=d145876b71944eb628f1c8b54da95a0e; money=0; picurl=https%253a%252f%252fpimg.39.net%252fupload%252fmy%252fc200844%252f20190313%252forg%252f7640674.jpg; pid=34820967; username=P52460069; DomainName=P52460069; nickname=%25e5%2593%2588%2A%2A%2A%2A%2A%2A; verify=3105499624; Hm_lvt_9840601cb51320c55bca4fa0f4949efe=1626704188; Hm_lvt_ab2e5965345c61109c5e97c34de8026a=1626704188"
]
},
{
"Key": "Host",
"Value": [
"test.mydomain.com"
]
},
{
"Key": "User-Agent",
"Value": [
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.124 Safari/537.36"
]
},
{
"Key": "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests",
"Value": [
"1"
]
},
{
"Key": "sec-ch-ua",
"Value": [
"" Not;A Brand";v="99", "Google Chrome";v="91", "Chromium";v="91""
]
},
{
"Key": "sec-ch-ua-mobile",
"Value": [
"?0"
]
},
{
"Key": "Sec-Fetch-Site",
"Value": [
"cross-site"
]
},
{
"Key": "Sec-Fetch-Mode",
"Value": [
"navigate"
]
},
{
"Key": "Sec-Fetch-User",
"Value": [
"?1"
]
},
{
"Key": "Sec-Fetch-Dest",
"Value": [
"document"
]
},
{
"Key": "X-Original-For",
"Value": [
"[::ffff:127.0.0.1]:52804"
]
},
{
"Key": "X-Original-Proto",
"Value": [
"http"
]
}
]
}
}
PS:注意本文请求都是经过nginx的情况下，且只有一层nginx；
引用
https://www.cnblogs.com/dudu/p/11088645.html
https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/aspnet/core/host-and-deploy/proxy-load-balancer?view=aspnetcore-3.1