摘自：https://www.cnblogs.com/zhaokejin/p/11833781.html
Spring Boot 2.x监控数据可视化(Actuator + Prometheus + Grafana手把手)
TIPS
本文基于Spring Boot 2.1.4，理论支持Spring Boot 2.x所有版本
众所周知，Spring Boot有个子项目Spring Boot Actuator，它为应用提供了强大的监控能力。从Spring Boot 2.0开始，Actuator将底层改为Micrometer，提供了更强、更灵活的监控能力。Micrometer是一个监控门面，可以类比成监控界的 Slf4j 。
借助Micrometer，应用能够对接各种监控系统，例如：
- AppOptics
- Atlas
- Datadog
- Dynatrace
- Elastic
- Ganglia
- Graphite
- Humio
- Influx
- JMX
- KairosDB
- New Relic
- Prometheus
- SignalFx
- Simple (in-memory)
- StatsD
- Wavefront
下面演示如何对接 Prometheus ，并使用 Grafana 实现数据的可视化。
TIPS
童鞋们对Prometheus或Grafana不熟悉也没关系，本文是手把手文章，按步骤操作即可。
编码
编写代码
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加依赖
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId></dependency><dependency> <groupId>io.micrometer</groupId> <artifactId>micrometer-registry-prometheus</artifactId></dependency>这里，我们为应用引入了
micrometer-registry-prometheus，事实上，你想对接上文列表中的哪款监控系统，就写啥。例如想对接Influx，则需添加依赖micrometer-registry-influx。 -
写配置
server: port: 8080spring: application: name: prometheus-testmanagement: endpoints: web: exposure: include: 'prometheus' metrics: tags: application: ${spring.application.name}如配置所示，指定应用名为
prometheus-test，并将Actuator的/actuator/prometheus端点暴露出来；management.metrics.tags.application=prometheus-test作用是为指标设置一个名为application="prometheus-test"的Tag，Tag是Prometheus提供的一种能力，从而实现更加灵活的筛选。
测试
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启动应用
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访问
http://localhost:8080/actuator/prometheus可获得类似如下的结果：# HELP jvm_memory_used_bytes The amount of used memory# TYPE jvm_memory_used_bytes gaugejvm_memory_used_bytes{application="prometheus-test",area="heap",id="PS Old Gen",} 2.1193976E7jvm_memory_used_bytes{application="prometheus-test",area="nonheap",id="Metaspace",} 3.8791688E7jvm_memory_used_bytes{application="prometheus-test",area="heap",id="PS Survivor Space",} 0.0jvm_memory_used_bytes{application="prometheus-test",area="nonheap",id="Compressed Class Space",} 5303976.0jvm_memory_used_bytes{application="prometheus-test",area="heap",id="PS Eden Space",} 8.2574816E7jvm_memory_used_bytes{application="prometheus-test",area="nonheap",id="Code Cache",} 8693824.0# HELP tomcat_global_received_bytes_total # TYPE tomcat_global_received_bytes_total countertomcat_global_received_bytes_total{application="prometheus-test",name="http-nio-8080",} 0.0# HELP jvm_threads_daemon_threads The current number of live daemon threads# TYPE jvm_threads_daemon_threads gaugejvm_threads_daemon_threads{application="prometheus-test",} 20.0# HELP tomcat_sessions_alive_max_seconds # TYPE tomcat_sessions_alive_max_seconds gaugetomcat_sessions_alive_max_seconds{application="prometheus-test",} 0.0# HELP jvm_buffer_memory_used_bytes An estimate of the memory that the Java virtual machine is using for this buffer pool# TYPE jvm_buffer_memory_used_bytes gaugejvm_buffer_memory_used_bytes{application="prometheus-test",id="mapped",} 0.0jvm_buffer_memory_used_bytes{application="prometheus-test",id="direct",} 90112.0# HELP jvm_threads_states_threads The current number of threads having NEW state# TYPE jvm_threads_states_threads gaugejvm_threads_states_threads{application="prometheus-test",state="runnable",} 9.0jvm_threads_states_threads{application="prometheus-test",state="new",} 0.0jvm_threads_states_threads{application="prometheus-test",state="terminated",} 0.0jvm_threads_states_threads{application="prometheus-test",state="blocked",} 0.0jvm_threads_states_threads{application="prometheus-test",state="waiting",} 12.0jvm_threads_states_threads{application="prometheus-test",state="timed-waiting",} 3.0# HELP process_cpu_usage The "recent cpu usage" for the Java Virtual Machine process# TYPE process_cpu_usage gaugeprocess_cpu_usage{application="prometheus-test",} 0.0030590633504868434# HELP logback_events_total Number of error level events that made it to the logs# TYPE logback_events_total counterlogback_events_total{application="prometheus-test",level="info",} 7.0logback_events_total{application="prometheus-test",level="warn",} 0.0logback_events_total{application="prometheus-test",level="trace",} 0.0logback_events_total{application="prometheus-test",level="debug",} 0.0logback_events_total{application="prometheus-test",level="error",} 0.0# HELP tomcat_global_sent_bytes_total # TYPE tomcat_global_sent_bytes_total countertomcat_global_sent_bytes_total{application="prometheus-test",name="http-nio-8080",} 195356.0# HELP process_files_max_files The maximum file descriptor count# TYPE process_files_max_files gaugeprocess_files_max_files{application="prometheus-test",} 10240.0# HELP tomcat_threads_busy_threads # TYPE tomcat_threads_busy_threads gaugetomcat_threads_busy_threads{application="prometheus-test",name="http-nio-8080",} 1.0# HELP process_files_open_files The open file descriptor count# TYPE process_files_open_files gaugeprocess_files_open_files{application="prometheus-test",} 101.0# HELP tomcat_sessions_active_current_sessions # TYPE tomcat_sessions_active_current_sessions gaugetomcat_sessions_active_current_sessions{application="prometheus-test",} 0.0# HELP jvm_classes_unloaded_classes_total The total number of classes unloaded since the Java virtual machine has started execution# TYPE jvm_classes_unloaded_classes_total counterjvm_classes_unloaded_classes_total{application="prometheus-test",} 2.0# HELP jvm_memory_committed_bytes The amount of memory in bytes that is committed for the Java virtual machine to use# TYPE jvm_memory_committed_bytes gaugejvm_memory_committed_bytes{application="prometheus-test",area="heap",id="PS Old Gen",} 1.5466496E8jvm_memory_committed_bytes{application="prometheus-test",area="nonheap",id="Metaspace",} 4.1418752E7jvm_memory_committed_bytes{application="prometheus-test",area="heap",id="PS Survivor Space",} 1.6252928E7jvm_memory_committed_bytes{application="prometheus-test",area="nonheap",id="Compressed Class Space",} 5767168.0jvm_memory_committed_bytes{application="prometheus-test",area="heap",id="PS Eden Space",} 1.73539328E8jvm_memory_committed_bytes{application="prometheus-test",area="nonheap",id="Code Cache",} 8716288.0# HELP http_server_requests_seconds # TYPE http_server_requests_seconds summaryhttp_server_requests_seconds_count{application="prometheus-test",exception="None",method="GET",outcome="SUCCESS",status="200",uri="/actuator/prometheus",} 16.0http_server_requests_seconds_sum{application="prometheus-test",exception="None",method="GET",outcome="SUCCESS",status="200",uri="/actuator/prometheus",} 0.326299973http_server_requests_seconds_count{application="prometheus-test",exception="None",method="GET",outcome="SUCCESS",status="200",uri="/**/favicon.ico",} 3.0http_server_requests_seconds_sum{application="prometheus-test",exception="None",method="GET",outcome="SUCCESS",status="200",uri="/**/favicon.ico",} 0.028434427# HELP http_server_requests_seconds_max # TYPE http_server_requests_seconds_max gaugehttp_server_requests_seconds_max{application="prometheus-test",exception="None",method="GET",outcome="SUCCESS",status="200",uri="/actuator/prometheus",} 0.120627904http_server_requests_seconds_max{application="prometheus-test",exception="None",method="GET",outcome="SUCCESS",status="200",uri="/**/favicon.ico",} 0.015596512# HELP tomcat_global_error_total # TYPE tomcat_global_error_total countertomcat_global_error_total{application="prometheus-test",name="http-nio-8080",} 0.0# HELP jvm_gc_max_data_size_bytes Max size of old generation memory pool# TYPE jvm_gc_max_data_size_bytes gaugejvm_gc_max_data_size_bytes{application="prometheus-test",} 2.863661056E9# HELP jvm_gc_live_data_size_bytes Size of old generation memory pool after a full GC# TYPE jvm_gc_live_data_size_bytes gaugejvm_gc_live_data_size_bytes{application="prometheus-test",} 2.1193976E7# HELP system_load_average_1m The sum of the number of runnable entities queued to available processors and the number of runnable entities running on the available processors averaged over a period of time# TYPE system_load_average_1m gaugesystem_load_average_1m{application="prometheus-test",} 3.9423828125# HELP process_uptime_seconds The uptime of the Java virtual machine# TYPE process_uptime_seconds gaugeprocess_uptime_seconds{application="prometheus-test",} 173.424# HELP tomcat_sessions_expired_sessions_total # TYPE tomcat_sessions_expired_sessions_total countertomcat_sessions_expired_sessions_total{application="prometheus-test",} 0.0# HELP jvm_gc_pause_seconds Time spent in GC pause# TYPE jvm_gc_pause_seconds summaryjvm_gc_pause_seconds_count{action="end of minor GC",application="prometheus-test",cause="Metadata GC Threshold",} 1.0jvm_gc_pause_seconds_sum{action="end of minor GC",application="prometheus-test",cause="Metadata GC Threshold",} 0.012jvm_gc_pause_seconds_count{action="end of major GC",application="prometheus-test",cause="Metadata GC Threshold",} 1.0jvm_gc_pause_seconds_sum{action="end of major GC",application="prometheus-test",cause="Metadata GC Threshold",} 0.045# HELP jvm_gc_pause_seconds_max Time spent in GC pause# TYPE jvm_gc_pause_seconds_max gaugejvm_gc_pause_seconds_max{action="end of minor GC",application="prometheus-test",cause="Metadata GC Threshold",} 0.012jvm_gc_pause_seconds_max{action="end of major GC",application="prometheus-test",cause="Metadata GC Threshold",} 0.045# HELP jvm_gc_memory_promoted_bytes_total Count of positive increases in the size of the old generation memory pool before GC to after GC# TYPE jvm_gc_memory_promoted_bytes_total counterjvm_gc_memory_promoted_bytes_total{application="prometheus-test",} 1.06878E7# HELP jvm_gc_memory_allocated_bytes_total Incremented for an increase in the size of the young generation memory pool after one GC to before the next# TYPE jvm_gc_memory_allocated_bytes_total counterjvm_gc_memory_allocated_bytes_total{application="prometheus-test",} 7.8713648E7# HELP tomcat_global_request_seconds # TYPE tomcat_global_request_seconds summarytomcat_global_request_seconds_count{application="prometheus-test",name="http-nio-8080",} 19.0tomcat_global_request_seconds_sum{application="prometheus-test",name="http-nio-8080",} 0.432# HELP jvm_threads_live_threads The current number of live threads including both daemon and non-daemon threads# TYPE jvm_threads_live_threads gaugejvm_threads_live_threads{application="prometheus-test",} 24.0# HELP jvm_buffer_count_buffers An estimate of the number of buffers in the pool# TYPE jvm_buffer_count_buffers gaugejvm_buffer_count_buffers{application="prometheus-test",id="mapped",} 0.0jvm_buffer_count_buffers{application="prometheus-test",id="direct",} 11.