我们在使用ajax请求去向服务端下载文件时，我们通常从服务端拿到的只是一个字符串，jquery自动的将文件中的内容解析为字符串传给我们，此时，我们便不能再使用jquery的ajax请求来下载文件
前端代码：
<script src="../js/axios.min.js"></script> $("#carExport").click(function() { axios.post(basePath + '/excel/car', JSON.stringify(carSearchObject), { headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json; charset=utf-8' }, responseType: 'blob' }) .then(function(response) { var blob = new Blob([response.data]) var downloadElement = document.createElement('a'); var href = window.URL.createObjectURL(blob); //创建下载的链接 downloadElement.href = href; downloadElement.download = '车辆查询.xlsx'; //下载后文件名 document.body.appendChild(downloadElement); downloadElement.click(); //点击下载 document.body.removeChild(downloadElement); //下载完成移除元素 window.URL.revokeObjectURL(href); //释放掉blob对象 console.log(response); }) .catch(function(error) { console.log(error); }); })
后端代码：
ExcelController.java
package com.resafety.port.controller; import java.io.OutputStream; import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import java.util.Set; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession; import org.apache.commons.beanutils.BeanUtils; import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody; import com.resafety.util.ExcelUtilX; import com.resafety.vo.CarSearchData; import com.resafety.vo.CarSearchVo; import com.resafety.vo.FwSearchData; import com.resafety.vo.FwSearchVo; import com.resafety.vo.JsySearchData; import com.resafety.vo.JsySearchVo; @Controller @RequestMapping("/excel") public class ExcelController { @RequestMapping(value = "/jsy", method = RequestMethod.POST) @ResponseBody public void jsyExcel(@RequestBody JsySearchVo jsySearchVo, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) { System.out.println("驾驶员信息：" + jsySearchVo.toString()); // excel文件名 String fileName = jsySearchVo.getJsySearchName() + ".xls"; // sheet名 String sheetName = jsySearchVo.getJsySearchName(); // 实际数据 List<Map<String, Object>> realData = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>(); // 页面返回数据 List<JsySearchData> jsySearchData = jsySearchVo.getJsySearchData(); for (JsySearchData temp : jsySearchData) { realData.add(beanToMap(temp)); } Workbook workbook = ExcelUtilX.getHSSFWorkbook(sheetName, getJsyTitle(), realData, null); // 响应到客户端 try { this.setResponseHeader(response, fileName); OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream(); workbook.write(os); os.flush(); os.close(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } @RequestMapping(value = "/fw", method = RequestMethod.POST) @ResponseBody public void jsyExcel(@RequestBody FwSearchVo fwSearchVo, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) { System.out.println("服务信息：" + fwSearchVo.toString()); // excel文件名 String fileName = fwSearchVo.getFwSearchName() + ".xls"; // sheet名 String sheetName = fwSearchVo.getFwSearchName(); // 实际数据 List<Map<String, Object>> realData = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>(); // 页面返回数据 List<FwSearchData> fwSearchData = fwSearchVo.getFwSearchData(); for (FwSearchData temp : fwSearchData) { realData.add(beanToMap(temp)); } Workbook workbook = ExcelUtilX.getHSSFWorkbook(sheetName, getFwTitle(), realData, null); // 响应到客户端 try { this.setResponseHeader(response, fileName); OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream(); workbook.write(os); os.flush(); os.close(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } @RequestMapping(value = "/car", method = RequestMethod.POST) @ResponseBody public void jsyExcel(@RequestBody CarSearchVo carSearchVo, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) { System.out.println("车辆信息：" + carSearchVo.toString()); // excel文件名 String fileName = carSearchVo.getCarSearchName() + ".xls"; // sheet名 String sheetName = carSearchVo.getCarSearchName(); // 实际数据 List<Map<String, Object>> realData = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>(); // 页面返回数据 List<CarSearchData> carSearchData = carSearchVo.getCarSearchData(); for (CarSearchData temp : carSearchData) { realData.add(beanToMap(temp)); } Workbook workbook = ExcelUtilX.getHSSFWorkbook(sheetName, getCarTitle(), realData, null); // 响应到客户端 try { this.setResponseHeader(response, fileName); OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream(); workbook.write(os); os.flush(); os.close(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } @RequestMapping(value = "/export") @ResponseBody public void export2(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception { // 模拟获取数据 List<Map<String, String>> list = tempData(); // excel标题 String[] title = { "序号", "线路", "年份", "年日均满载率(%)" }; // 内容 String[][] content = new String[list.size()][title.length]; // excel文件名 String fileName = "线路客流满载率.xls"; // sheet名 String sheetName = "线路客流满载率"; for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) { Map<String, String> obj = list.get(i); content[i][0] = obj.get("index"); content[i][1] = obj.get("road"); content[i][2] = obj.get("year"); content[i][3] = obj.get("bfb"); } // 创建HSSFWorkbook Workbook wb = ExcelUtilX.getHSSFWorkbook(sheetName, title, content, null); // 响应到客户端 try { this.setResponseHeader(response, fileName); OutputStream os = response.getOutputStream(); wb.write(os); os.flush(); os.close(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } // 发送响应流方法 private void setResponseHeader(HttpServletResponse response, String fileName) { try { try { fileName = new String(fileName.getBytes(), "ISO8859-1"); } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } response.setContentType("application/octet-stream;charset=ISO8859-1"); response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + fileName); response.addHeader("Pargam", "no-cache"); response.addHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache"); } catch (Exception ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } } private List<Map<String, String>> tempData() { List<Map<String, String>> temp = new ArrayList<Map<String, String>>(); int year = 2015; int bfb = 98; for (int i = 1; i <= 6; i++) { Map<String, String> tempMap = new HashMap<String, String>(); year++; bfb = bfb - ((int) (Math.random() * (5 - 1) + 1)); tempMap.put("index", i + ""); tempMap.put("road", "线路" + i); tempMap.put("year", year + "年"); tempMap.put("bfb", bfb + "%"); temp.add(tempMap); } return temp; } private static Map<String, Object> beanToMap(Object bean) { if (null == bean) return null; try { Map<String, Object> map = BeanUtils.describe(bean); // 移除key=class map.remove("class"); return map; } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println("JavaBean-->Map转换失败：" + e.getMessage()); e.printStackTrace(); return null; } } /*** * 保证Excel的列正确 * * @return */ private List<ExcelUtilX.TitileBean> getJsyTitle() { String[] titleid = { "id", "name", "sex", "company", "cyzgzh", "cyzgzlb", "cyzgzyxrq", "badRecordCount", "negativeCount", "complainCount", "breakLowCount", "status" }; String[] titleName = { "序号", "姓名", "性别", "所属企业", "从业资格证号", "从业资格类别", "资格证有效日期", "不良记录次数", "差评次数", "投诉次数", "违章次数", "从业状态" }; List<ExcelUtilX.TitileBean> titileBeans = new ArrayList<ExcelUtilX.TitileBean>(); for (int i = 0; i < titleName.length; i++) { ExcelUtilX.TitileBean bean = new ExcelUtilX.TitileBean(); bean.setId(titleid[i]); bean.setName(titleName[i]); titileBeans.add(bean); } return titileBeans; } private List<ExcelUtilX.TitileBean> getFwTitle() { String[] titleid = { "id", "plateNumber", "company", "complainTime", "complainMsg" }; String[] titleName = { "序号", "车牌号", "所属企业", "投诉时间", "投诉内容" }; List<ExcelUtilX.TitileBean> titileBeans = new ArrayList<ExcelUtilX.TitileBean>(); for (int i = 0; i < titleName.length; i++) { ExcelUtilX.TitileBean bean = new ExcelUtilX.TitileBean(); bean.setId(titleid[i]); bean.setName(titleName[i]); titileBeans.add(bean); } return titileBeans; } private List<ExcelUtilX.TitileBean> getCarTitle() { String[] titleid = { "id", "plateNumber", "company", "yszh", "operateTime", "carType", "haveInsurance" }; String[] titleName = { "序号", "车牌号", "所属企业", "运输证号", "投入运营时间", "车辆类型", "有无保险" }; List<ExcelUtilX.TitileBean> titileBeans = new ArrayList<ExcelUtilX.TitileBean>(); for (int i = 0; i < titleName.length; i++) { ExcelUtilX.TitileBean bean = new ExcelUtilX.TitileBean(); bean.setId(titleid[i]); bean.setName(titleName[i]); titileBeans.add(bean); } return titileBeans; } }
ExcelUtilX.java
package com.resafety.util; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.LinkedHashMap; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import java.util.Map.Entry; import java.util.Set; import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell; import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCellStyle; import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow; import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet; import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook; import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.*; import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook; /** * @author 谢辉 * @Classname ExcelUtilX * @Description TODO * @Date 2020/12/9 18:34 */ public class ExcelUtilX { /** * 导出Excel * * @param sheetName sheet名称 * @param title 标题 * @param data 内容 * @param wb Workbook对象： 如果是.xls文件的请传入HSSFWorkbook对象类型 * 如果是.xlsx文件的请传入XSSFWorkbook对象类型 默认使用HSSFWorkbook对象类型 * @return */ public static Workbook getHSSFWorkbook(String sheetName, String[] title, String[][] data, Workbook wb) { // 第一步，创建一个HSSFWorkbook，对应一个Excel文件 if (wb == null) { // 默认使用兼容.xls文件的 wb = new HSSFWorkbook(); } // 第二步，在workbook中添加一个sheet,对应Excel文件中的sheet Sheet sheet = wb.createSheet(sheetName); // 第三步，在sheet中添加表头第0行,注意老版本poi对Excel的行数列数有限制 Row row = sheet.createRow(0); // 第四步，创建单元格，并设置值表头 设置表头居中 CellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle(); // 水平居中 style.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER); // 垂直居中 // style.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER); // 声明列对象 Cell cell = null; // 创建标题 for (int i = 0; i < title.length; i++) { cell = row.createCell(i); cell.setCellValue(title[i]); cell.setCellStyle(style); } // 创建内容 for (int i = 0; i < data.length; i++) { row = sheet.createRow(i + 1); for (int j = 0; j < data[i].length; j++) { // 将内容按顺序赋给对应的列对象 row.createCell(j).setCellValue(data[i][j]); } } return wb; } /** * 导出Excel * * @param sheetName sheet名称 * @param title 标题 * @param data 内容 * @param wb Workbook对象： 如果是.xls文件的请传入HSSFWorkbook对象类型 * 如果是.xlsx文件的请传入XSSFWorkbook对象类型 默认使用HSSFWorkbook对象类型 * @return */ public static Workbook getHSSFWorkbook(String sheetName, List<ExcelUtilX.TitileBean> title, List<Map<String, Object>> data, Workbook wb) { // 第一步，创建一个HSSFWorkbook，对应一个Excel文件 if (wb == null) { wb = new HSSFWorkbook(); } if (title == null || title.size() <= 0) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("传入的title参数有问题"); } if (data == null) { data = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>(); } if (data.size() > 0) { Map<String, Object> map = data.get(0); if (map.size() != title.size()) { throw new IllegalArgumentException("传入的title列数和实际数据列数不一致！"); } } // 第二步，在workbook中添加一个sheet,对应Excel文件中的sheet Sheet sheet = wb.createSheet(sheetName); // 第三步，在sheet中添加表头第0行,注意老版本poi对Excel的行数列数有限制 Row row = sheet.createRow(0); // 第四步，创建单元格，并设置值表头 设置表头居中 CellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle(); // 水平居中 style.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER); // 垂直居中 // style.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER); // 声明列对象 Cell cell = null; int titleLength = title.size(); // 创建标题 for (int i = 0; i < titleLength; i++) { cell = row.createCell(i); cell.setCellValue(title.get(i).getName()); cell.setCellStyle(style); } // 创建内容 for (int i = 0; i < data.size(); i++) { row = sheet.createRow(i + 1); for (int j = 0; j < titleLength; j++) { // 将内容按顺序赋给对应的列对象 Cell tempCell = row.createCell(j); // 这里为了代码清晰，每一步都写出来 Map<String, Object> map = data.get(i); Object objectValue = map.get(title.get(j).getId()); tempCell.setCellValue(objectValue.toString()); // tempCell.setCellStyle(style); } } return wb; } /** * 导出Excel * * @param sheetName sheet名称 * @param data 内容 * @param wb Workbook对象： 如果是.xls文件的请传入HSSFWorkbook对象类型 * 如果是.xlsx文件的请传入XSSFWorkbook对象类型 默认使用HSSFWorkbook对象类型 * @return */ public static Workbook getHSSFWorkbook(String sheetName, List<LinkedHashMap<String, Object>> data, Workbook wb) { // 创建title List<String> title = new ArrayList<String>(); // 第一步，创建一个HSSFWorkbook，对应一个Excel文件 if (wb == null) { wb = new HSSFWorkbook(); } if (data == null) { data = new ArrayList<LinkedHashMap<String, Object>>(); } if (data.size() > 0) { // 因为LinkedHashMap保存了插入时的顺序 LinkedHashMap<String, Object> linkedHashMap = data.get(0); Set<Entry<String, Object>> entrySet = linkedHashMap.entrySet(); for (Entry<String, Object> entry : entrySet) { // 保存title，使用key值作为title title.add(entry.getKey()); } } // 第二步，在workbook中添加一个sheet,对应Excel文件中的sheet Sheet sheet = wb.createSheet(sheetName); // 第三步，在sheet中添加表头第0行,注意老版本poi对Excel的行数列数有限制 Row row = sheet.createRow(0); // 第四步，创建单元格，并设置值表头 设置表头居中 CellStyle style = wb.createCellStyle(); // 水平居中 style.setAlignment(HorizontalAlignment.CENTER); // 垂直居中 // style.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTER); // 声明列对象 Cell cell = null; int titleLength = title.size(); // 创建标题 for (int i = 0; i < titleLength; i++) { cell = row.createCell(i); cell.setCellValue(title.get(i)); cell.setCellStyle(style); } // 创建内容 for (int i = 0; i < data.size(); i++) { row = sheet.createRow(i + 1); for (int j = 0; j < titleLength; j++) { // 将内容按顺序赋给对应的列对象 Cell tempCell = row.createCell(j); // 这里为了代码清晰，每一步都写出来 Map<String, Object> map = data.get(i); Object objectValue = map.get(title.get(j)); tempCell.setCellValue(objectValue.toString()); // tempCell.setCellStyle(style); } } return wb; } /** * 读取Excel数据，简单的行列数据（数据表格式），不适用复杂的数据 * * @param excelPath 文件路径 * @return 表格数据 * @throws IOException */ public static List<Map<String, Object>> readExcel(String excelPath) throws IOException { Workbook wb = null; InputStream is = new FileInputStream(excelPath); int indexPoint = excelPath.lastIndexOf("."); String suffixName = ""; if (indexPoint != -1) { suffixName = excelPath.substring(indexPoint + 1); System.out.println("后缀名是：" + suffixName); } // 根据文件后缀（xls/xlsx）进行判断 if ("xls".equalsIgnoreCase(suffixName)) { wb = new HSSFWorkbook(is); } else if ("xlsx".equalsIgnoreCase(suffixName)) { wb = new XSSFWorkbook(is); } else { throw new IllegalArgumentException("文件类型错误!"); } List<Map<String, Object>> data = new ArrayList<Map<String, Object>>(); List<String> keys = new ArrayList<String>(); // 遍历sheet页 for (int numSheet = 0, sheetLength = wb.getNumberOfSheets(); numSheet < sheetLength; numSheet++) { Sheet hssfSheet = wb.getSheetAt(numSheet); if (hssfSheet == null) { continue; } // 开始遍历行 if (hssfSheet.getLastRowNum() > 0) { // 使用第一行作为key Row row = hssfSheet.getRow(0); for (int i = row.getFirstCellNum(), keyNum = row.getLastCellNum(); i < keyNum; i++) { keys.add(row.getCell(i).getStringCellValue()); } // 遍历数据行(除去第一行，下标从1开始) for (int j = hssfSheet.getFirstRowNum() + 1, k = hssfSheet.getLastRowNum(); j <= k; j++) { Map<String, Object> map = new LinkedHashMap<String, Object>(); // 遍历每个列 for (int index = hssfSheet.getRow(j).getFirstCellNum(), cellLength = hssfSheet.getRow(j) .getLastCellNum(); index < cellLength; index++) { map.put(keys.get(index), getValue(hssfSheet.getRow(j).getCell(index))); } // 存放数据 data.add(map); } } // 行结束 } // sheet页for结束 return data; } private static String getValue(Cell hssfCell) { if (hssfCell.getCellTypeEnum() == CellType.BOOLEAN) { // 返回布尔类型的值 return String.valueOf(hssfCell.getBooleanCellValue()); } else if (hssfCell.getCellTypeEnum() == CellType.NUMERIC) { // 返回数值类型的值 // return String.valueOf(hssfCell.getNumericCellValue()); return numOfImport(hssfCell); } else if (hssfCell.getCellTypeEnum() == CellType.BLANK) { // 返回空值 return ""; } else { // 返回字符串类型的值 return String.valueOf(hssfCell.getStringCellValue()); } } /** * 数字转换字符串 * * @param cell * @return */ private static String numOfImport(Cell cell) { String value = cell.toString(); if (cell.getCellTypeEnum() == CellType.STRING) {// 字符串类型 return value; } else { String[] str = value.split("\."); if (str.length > 1) { String str1 = str[1]; int m = Integer.parseInt(str1); if (m == 0) { return str[0]; } else { return value; } } else { return value; } } } public static class TitileBean { private String id; private String name; public String getId() { return id; } public void setId(String id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } @Override public String toString() { return "TitileBean [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + "]"; } } }
vo：不仔细展示了，就是前端数据的封装，注意尽量不要使用内部类，是个坑，@RequestBody封装不上
代码待完善，暂时功能是测通了。