安装Robo 3T连接MongoDB数据库教程:https://blog.csdn.net/baidu_39298625/article/details/98845789
使用Robo 3T操作MongoDB数据库教程:https://blog.csdn.net/baidu_39298625/article/details/99654596
在网上搜的用IDEA链接MongoDB数据库都是通过插件链接的,期初我以为在IDEA中无法实现用JAR包链接MongoDB数据库,我还在CSDN中发了个帖子询问,但是过了十多天也没人回我。。。
额。。。
最后发现JAR包导入方式有问题,而且需要用到三个,当时我就只有一个还是个错的。。。
首先下载三个JAR包,分别是:mongodb-driver-X.X.X.jar,bson-X.X.X.jar,mongodb-driver-core-X.X.X.jar
X.X.X是版本号,尽量保证版本号一致,否则运行会报错,在这我使用的是3.11.0的版本,
下载链接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1K4lvvEGRISfCSP2NRYySLA
提取码:id93
如果你觉得导JAR包麻烦,你可以创建一个MAVEN项目,在pom.xml文件中添加相关配置,让MAVEN项目自己导包
-
<dependencies>
-
<dependency>
-
<groupId>org.mongodb</groupId>
-
<artifactId>mongo-java-driver</artifactId>
-
<version>3.11.0</version>
-
</dependency>
-
</dependencies>
一.给项目导入上面三个JAR包
1.file->Project Structure...
2.选择Modules 再点击右侧的添加按钮
3.选择三个JAR包添加至Modules中,尽量先把JAR拷贝到项目的lib文件夹(自己手动创建)里,再引入,避免以后JAR位置移动,项目找不到JAR包就会报错。
二.建立链接
1.编写MongoDB数据库链接类
-
import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
-
import com.mongodb.MongoClientURI;
-
import com.mongodb.MongoCredential;
-
import com.mongodb.ServerAddress;
-
import com.mongodb.client.FindIterable;
-
import com.mongodb.client.MongoCollection;
-
import com.mongodb.client.MongoCursor;
-
import com.mongodb.client.MongoDatabase;
-
import org.bson.Document;
-
import java.util.ArrayList;
-
import java.util.List;
-
-
public class MongoDBConnection {
-
-
//不认证直接链接数据库
-
public MongoClient getConn(){
-
-
MongoClient mongoClient = new MongoClient("localhost",27017);
-
//也可使用MongoClientURI
-
// MongoClientURI mongoClientURI = new MongoClientURI("mongodb://localhost:27017");
-
// MongoClient mongoClient = new MongoClient(mongoClientURI);
-
return mongoClient;
-
}
-
-
//通过用户密码认证链接数据库
-
public MongoClient getConnByCredit(){
-
-
String name = "test";//用户名
-
String dbName = "Test";//数据库名
-
char [] pwd = "test".toCharArray();//用户密码(将字符串转换成字符数组)
-
-
List<ServerAddress> addresses = new ArrayList<>();
-
//服务器地址:链接地址,端口号
-
ServerAddress address = new ServerAddress("localhost",27017);
-
addresses.add(address);
-
-
List<MongoCredential> credentials = new ArrayList<>();
-
//认证方法需要三个参数,用户名,数据库名,用户密码
-
MongoCredential credential = MongoCredential.createScramSha1Credential(name,dbName,pwd);
-
credentials.add(credential);
-
-
//创建链接对象
-
MongoClient mongoClient = new MongoClient(addresses,credentials);
-
return mongoClient;
-
-
}
-
-
//测试是否连接成功
-
public static void main(String[] args) {
-
MongoDBConnection mongoDBConnection = new MongoDBConnection();
-
MongoDatabase mongoDatabase = null;
-
MongoClient mongoClient = mongoDBConnection.getConn();
-
// MongoClient mongoClient = mongoDBConnection.getConnByCredit();
-
-
//查询所有数据库名称
-
MongoIterable<String> dbNameList = mongoClient.listDatabaseNames();
-
System.out.println("查询所有数据库名称:");
-
for(String dbName : dbNameList)
-
System.out.println(dbName);
-
-
//创建数据库对象
-
mongoDatabase = mongoClient.getDatabase("Test");
-
//查询Test数据库中所有集合名称
-
MongoIterable<String> colNameList = mongoDatabase.listCollectionNames();
-
System.out.println("查询Test数据库中所有集合名称:");
-
for(String colName: colNameList)
-
System.out.println(colName);
-
-
//关闭连接
-
mongoClient.close();
-
}
-
}
-
-
}
输出结果:
九月 11, 2019 4:31:16 下午 com.mongodb.diagnostics.logging.JULLogger log
信息: Cluster created with settings {hosts=[localhost:27017], mode=SINGLE, requiredClusterType=UNKNOWN, serverSelectionTimeout='30000 ms', maxWaitQueueSize=500}
查询所有数据库名称:
九月 11, 2019 4:31:16 下午 com.mongodb.diagnostics.logging.JULLogger log
信息: Cluster description not yet available. Waiting for 30000 ms before timing out
九月 11, 2019 4:31:16 下午 com.mongodb.diagnostics.logging.JULLogger log
信息: Opened connection [connectionId{localValue:1, serverValue:23}] to localhost:27017
九月 11, 2019 4:31:16 下午 com.mongodb.diagnostics.logging.JULLogger log
信息: Monitor thread successfully connected to server with description ServerDescription{address=localhost:27017, type=STANDALONE, state=CONNECTED, ok=true, version=ServerVersion{versionList=[4, 0, 11]}, minWireVersion=0, maxWireVersion=7, maxDocumentSize=16777216, logicalSessionTimeoutMinutes=30, roundTripTimeNanos=2393400}
九月 11, 2019 4:31:16 下午 com.mongodb.diagnostics.logging.JULLogger log
信息: Opened connection [connectionId{localValue:2, serverValue:24}] to localhost:27017
Test
admin
config
local
查询Test数据库中所有集合名称:
user
九月 11, 2019 4:31:16 下午 com.mongodb.diagnostics.logging.JULLogger log
信息: Closed connection [connectionId{localValue:2, serverValue:24}] to localhost:27017 because the pool has been closed.
2.遇到的问题
编写MongoDB数据库连接类时,我尝试去用try-catch去捕获连接中可能会出现的异常,但是发现try-catch语句并没有任何作用,即使你真的把端口号或者服务器地址改错,也不会在连接环节抛出任何异常,只有到后边真正用到数据库内容时才会报错。所以在这里也没有再多余使用try-catch语句,等到后边进行具体操作数据的时候再使用。
三.对数据库进行CRUD操作
原始数据:
{
"_id" : ObjectId("5d554f1e5306e8e23cbe5956"),
"user_id" : "1",
"user_name" : "aaa",
"user_pwd" : "aaa"
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("5d554f1e5306e8e23cbe5959"),
"user_id" : "2",
"user_name" : "bbb",
"user_pwd" : "bbb"
}
{
"_id" : ObjectId("5d554f1e5306e8e23cbe595c"),
"user_id" : "3",
"user_name" : "123",
"user_pwd" : "123"
}
1.集合查询
-
//查询指定数据库中所有集合
-
public void selectCollection(MongoDatabase database){
-
-
try{
-
//查询Test数据库中所有集合名称
-
MongoIterable<String> colNameList = database.listCollectionNames();
-
for(String colName: colNameList)
-
System.out.println(colName);
-
System.out.println("[INFO] : Select collection success!");
-
}catch(MongoException e){
-
e.printStackTrace();
-
System.out.println("[ERROR] : Select collection field!");
-
}
2.新建集合
-
//新建集合
-
public void createCollection(MongoDatabase database){
-
try{
-
//创建新集合
-
database.createCollection("testCol");
-
System.out.println("[INFO] : Create collection success!");
-
}catch(MongoException e){
-
e.printStackTrace();
-
System.out.println("[ERROR] : Create collection field!");
-
}
-
}
3.删除集合
-
//删除集合
-
public void deleteCollection(MongoDatabase database){
-
try{
-
//删除集合
-
MongoCollection mongoCollection = database.getCollection("testCol");
-
mongoCollection.drop();
-
System.out.println("[INFO] : Drop collection success!");
-
}catch(MongoException e){
-
e.printStackTrace();
-
System.out.println("[ERROR] : Drop collection field!");
-
}
-
}
4.查询文档数据:
-
//查询文档数据
-
public void selectData(MongoDatabase database){
-
-
try{
-
//获取数据库中的user集合
-
MongoCollection<Document> collection = database.getCollection("user");
-
//获取user集合中的文档
-
FindIterable<Document> iterable = collection.find();
-
//通过迭代器遍历找到的文档中的信息
-
MongoCursor<Document> iterator = iterable.iterator();
-
while(iterator.hasNext()){
-
System.out.println(iterator.next().toJson());
-
}
-
System.out.println("[INFO] : Select data success!");
-
}catch(MongoException e){
-
e.printStackTrace();
-
System.out.println("[ERROR] : Select data field!");
-
}
-
}
{"_id": {"$oid": "5d554f1e5306e8e23cbe5956"}, "user_id": "1", "user_name": "aaa", "user_pwd": "aaa"}
{"_id": {"$oid": "5d554f1e5306e8e23cbe5959"}, "user_id": "2", "user_name": "bbb", "user_pwd": "bbb"}
{"_id": {"$oid": "5d554f1e5306e8e23cbe595c"}, "user_id": "3", "user_name": "123", "user_pwd": "123"}
[INFO] : Select data success!
5.向集合中插入数据
(单数据插入和多数据插入,可以通过Robo 3T去看数据库的变化,在这单个方法里边不想再写多余的查询语句,下边的修改删除也一样,分开写太麻烦,了解过程就可以了)
-
//插入数据
-
public void insertData(MongoDatabase database){
-
try {
-
-
MongoCollection mongoCollection = database.getCollection("user");
-
-
//一次插入一条数据
-
Document document = new Document("user_id","4")
-
.append("user_name","test")
-
.append("user_pwd","test");
-
mongoCollection.insertOne(document);
-
-
//一次插入多条数据
-
Document document1 = new Document("user_id","5")
-
.append("user_name","test")
-
.append("user_pwd","test1");
-
Document document2 = new Document("user_id","6")
-
.append("user_name","test")
-
.append("user_pwd","test2");
-
List<Document> documents = new ArrayList<>();
-
documents.add(document1);
-
documents.add(document2);
-
mongoCollection.insertMany(documents);
-
-
System.out.println("[INFO] : Insert data success!");
-
}catch(MongoException e){
-
e.printStackTrace();
-
System.out.println("[ERROR] : Insert data field!");
-
}
-
}
6.根据条件修改集合中的数据
-
//修改数据
-
public void updateData(MongoDatabase database){
-
try {
-
MongoCollection mongoCollection = database.getCollection("user");
-
//修改满足条件的第一条数据
-
mongoCollection.updateOne(Filters.eq("user_name","test"),new Document("$set",new Document("user_pwd","tttt")));
-
//修改满足条件的所有数据
-
mongoCollection.updateMany(Filters.eq("user_name","test"),new Document("$set",new Document("user_pwd","tttt")));
-
-
System.out.println("[INFO] : Update data success!");
-
}catch(MongoException e){
-
e.printStackTrace();
-
System.out.println("[ERROR] : Update data field!");
-
}
-
}
7.根绝条件删除集合中的数据
-
//删除数据
-
public void deleteData(MongoDatabase database){
-
try {
-
MongoCollection mongoCollection = database.getCollection("user");
-
//删除满足条件的第一条记录
-
mongoCollection.deleteOne(Filters.eq("user_name","test"));
-
//删除满足条件的所有数据
-
mongoCollection.deleteMany(Filters.eq("user_name","test"));
-
System.out.println("[INFO] : Delete data success!");
-
}catch(MongoException e){
-
e.printStackTrace();
-
System.out.println("[ERROR] : Delete data field!");
-
}
-
}
8.全部代码及所有操作运行结果
-
package September_9;
-
-
import com.mongodb.MongoClient;
-
import com.mongodb.MongoException;
-
import com.mongodb.client.*;
-
import com.mongodb.client.model.Filters;
-
import org.bson.Document;
-
-
import java.util.ArrayList;
-
import java.util.List;
-
-
public class DBOperation {
-
-
/**
-
* 操作数据库集合:
-
* 查询、新建、删除
-
* @param database
-
*/
-
-
//查询指定数据库中所有集合
-
public void selectCollection(MongoDatabase database){
-
-
try{
-
//查询Test数据库中所有集合名称
-
MongoIterable<String> colNameList = database.listCollectionNames();
-
for(String colName: colNameList)
-
System.out.println(colName);
-
System.out.println("[INFO] : Select collection success!");
-
}catch(MongoException e){
-
e.printStackTrace();
-
System.out.println("[ERROR] : Select collection field!");
-
}
-
-
}
-
-
//新建集合
-
public void createCollection(MongoDatabase database){
-
try{
-
//创建新集合
-
database.createCollection("testCol");
-
System.out.println("[INFO] : Create collection success!");
-
}catch(MongoException e){
-
e.printStackTrace();
-
System.out.println("[ERROR] : Create collection field!");
-
}
-
}
-
-
//删除集合
-
public void deleteCollection(MongoDatabase database){
-
try{
-
//删除集合
-
MongoCollection mongoCollection = database.getCollection("testCol");
-
mongoCollection.drop();
-
System.out.println("[INFO] : Drop collection success!");
-
}catch(MongoException e){
-
e.printStackTrace();
-
System.out.println("[ERROR] : Drop collection field!");
-
}
-
}
-
-
/**
-
* 操作数据库数据:
-
* 查询、插入、修改、删除
-
* @param database
-
*/
-
-
//查询文档数据
-
public void selectData(MongoDatabase database){
-
-
try{
-
//获取数据库中的user集合
-
MongoCollection<Document> collection = database.getCollection("user");
-
//获取user集合中的文档
-
FindIterable<Document> iterable = collection.find();
-
//通过迭代器遍历找到的文档中的信息
-
MongoCursor<Document> iterator = iterable.iterator();
-
while(iterator.hasNext()){
-
System.out.println(iterator.next().toJson());
-
}
-
System.out.println("[INFO] : Select data success!");
-
}catch(MongoException e){
-
e.printStackTrace();
-
System.out.println("[ERROR] : Select data field!");
-
}
-
}
-
-
//插入数据
-
public void insertData(MongoDatabase database){
-
try {
-
-
MongoCollection mongoCollection = database.getCollection("user");
-
-
//一次插入一条数据
-
Document document = new Document("user_id","4")
-
.append("user_name","test")
-
.append("user_pwd","test");
-
mongoCollection.insertOne(document);
-
-
//一次插入多条数据
-
Document document1 = new Document("user_id","5")
-
.append("user_name","test")
-
.append("user_pwd","test1");
-
Document document2 = new Document("user_id","6")
-
.append("user_name","test")
-
.append("user_pwd","test2");
-
List<Document> documents = new ArrayList<>();
-
documents.add(document1);
-
documents.add(document2);
-
mongoCollection.insertMany(documents);
-
-
System.out.println("[INFO] : Insert data success!");
-
}catch(MongoException e){
-
e.printStackTrace();
-
System.out.println("[ERROR] : Insert data field!");
-
}
-
}
-
-
//修改数据
-
public void updateData(MongoDatabase database){
-
try {
-
MongoCollection mongoCollection = database.getCollection("user");
-
//修改满足条件的第一条数据
-
mongoCollection.updateOne(Filters.eq("user_name","test"),new Document("$set",new Document("user_pwd","tttt")));
-
//修改满足条件的所有数据
-
mongoCollection.updateMany(Filters.eq("user_name","test"),new Document("$set",new Document("user_pwd","tttt")));
-
-
System.out.println("[INFO] : Update data success!");
-
}catch(MongoException e){
-
e.printStackTrace();
-
System.out.println("[ERROR] : Update data field!");
-
}
-
}
-
-
//删除数据
-
public void deleteData(MongoDatabase database){
-
try {
-
MongoCollection mongoCollection = database.getCollection("user");
-
//删除满足条件的第一条记录
-
mongoCollection.deleteOne(Filters.eq("user_name","test"));
-
//删除满足条件的所有数据
-
mongoCollection.deleteMany(Filters.eq("user_name","test"));
-
System.out.println("[INFO] : Delete data success!");
-
}catch(MongoException e){
-
e.printStackTrace();
-
System.out.println("[ERROR] : Delete data field!");
-
}
-
}
-
-
public static void main(String[] args) {
-
DBOperation dbOperation = new DBOperation();
-
-
MongoDBConnection mongoDBConnection = new MongoDBConnection();
-
-
//新建链接
-
MongoClient mongoClient = mongoDBConnection.getConn();
-
//新建数据库对象
-
MongoDatabase mongoDatabase = mongoClient.getDatabase("Test");
-
-
//查询指定数据库中的所有集合
-
System.out.println("原始集合:");
-
dbOperation.selectCollection(mongoDatabase);
-
//创建新集合
-
dbOperation.createCollection(mongoDatabase);
-
System.out.println("新建集合后,再次查询数据库中的所有集合:");
-
dbOperation.selectCollection(mongoDatabase);
-
//删除集合
-
dbOperation.deleteCollection(mongoDatabase);
-
System.out.println("删除集合后,再次查询数据库中的所有集合:");
-
dbOperation.selectCollection(mongoDatabase);
-
-
-
//查询指定集合中的所有数据
-
System.out.println("原始数据:");
-
dbOperation.selectData(mongoDatabase);
-
//向指定集合中插入数据
-
dbOperation.insertData(mongoDatabase);
-
System.out.println("插入数据后:");
-
dbOperation.selectData(mongoDatabase);
-
//根据条件修改集合中的数据
-
dbOperation.updateData(mongoDatabase);
-
System.out.println("修改数据后:");
-
dbOperation.selectData(mongoDatabase);
-
//根据条件删除集合中的数据
-
dbOperation.deleteData(mongoDatabase);
-
System.out.println("删除数据后:");
-
dbOperation.selectData(mongoDatabase);
-
-
//关闭连接
-
mongoClient.close();
-
-
-
}
-
-
}
运行结果:
原始集合:
user
[INFO] : Select collection success!
[INFO] : Create collection success!
新建集合后,再次查询数据库中的所有集合:
testCol
user
[INFO] : Select collection success!
[INFO] : Drop collection success!
删除集合后,再次查询数据库中的所有集合:
user
[INFO] : Select collection success!
原始数据:
{"_id": {"$oid": "5d554f1e5306e8e23cbe5956"}, "user_id": "1", "user_name": "aaa", "user_pwd": "aaa"}
{"_id": {"$oid": "5d554f1e5306e8e23cbe5959"}, "user_id": "2", "user_name": "bbb", "user_pwd": "bbb"}
{"_id": {"$oid": "5d554f1e5306e8e23cbe595c"}, "user_id": "3", "user_name": "123", "user_pwd": "123"}
[INFO] : Select data success!
[INFO] : Insert data success!
插入数据后:
{"_id": {"$oid": "5d554f1e5306e8e23cbe5956"}, "user_id": "1", "user_name": "aaa", "user_pwd": "aaa"}
{"_id": {"$oid": "5d554f1e5306e8e23cbe5959"}, "user_id": "2", "user_name": "bbb", "user_pwd": "bbb"}
{"_id": {"$oid": "5d554f1e5306e8e23cbe595c"}, "user_id": "3", "user_name": "123", "user_pwd": "123"}
{"_id": {"$oid": "5d79d9f21781915b8368c25f"}, "user_id": "4", "user_name": "test", "user_pwd": "test"}
{"_id": {"$oid": "5d79d9f21781915b8368c260"}, "user_id": "5", "user_name": "test", "user_pwd": "test1"}
{"_id": {"$oid": "5d79d9f21781915b8368c261"}, "user_id": "6", "user_name": "test", "user_pwd": "test2"}
[INFO] : Select data success!
[INFO] : Update data success!
修改数据后:
{"_id": {"$oid": "5d554f1e5306e8e23cbe5956"}, "user_id": "1", "user_name": "aaa", "user_pwd": "aaa"}
{"_id": {"$oid": "5d554f1e5306e8e23cbe5959"}, "user_id": "2", "user_name": "bbb", "user_pwd": "bbb"}
{"_id": {"$oid": "5d554f1e5306e8e23cbe595c"}, "user_id": "3", "user_name": "123", "user_pwd": "123"}
{"_id": {"$oid": "5d79d9f21781915b8368c25f"}, "user_id": "4", "user_name": "test", "user_pwd": "tttt"}
{"_id": {"$oid": "5d79d9f21781915b8368c260"}, "user_id": "5", "user_name": "test", "user_pwd": "tttt"}
{"_id": {"$oid": "5d79d9f21781915b8368c261"}, "user_id": "6", "user_name": "test", "user_pwd": "tttt"}
[INFO] : Select data success!
[INFO] : Delete data success!
删除数据后:
{"_id": {"$oid": "5d554f1e5306e8e23cbe5956"}, "user_id": "1", "user_name": "aaa", "user_pwd": "aaa"}
{"_id": {"$oid": "5d554f1e5306e8e23cbe5959"}, "user_id": "2", "user_name": "bbb", "user_pwd": "bbb"}
{"_id": {"$oid": "5d554f1e5306e8e23cbe595c"}, "user_id": "3", "user_name": "123", "user_pwd": "123"}
[INFO] : Select data success!