RabbitMQ 监控（六）

接下来说说监控的相关内容。监控还是非常重要的，特别是在生产环境。磁盘满了，队列积压严重，如果我们无法提前知道，这是个很严重的问题；关于解决这些问题网上有很多解决方案。例如：Management UI，rabbitmqctl 命令和 REST API 以及使用 prometheus + grafana，当然大厂的话都会自定开发基于 api监控系统。

一、rabbitmqctl 命令

与RabbitMQ前端页面对应的就是后端的命令行命令了，同样非常丰富。平时自己测试，或者临时查看一些状态时，也能用得上。这里整理了一些从官网找的一些常用的命令。

 

# 启动服务
 rabbitmq-server 

# 停止服务 
rabbitmqctl stop

# vhost 增删查 
rabbitmqctl add_vhost 
rabbitmqctl delete_vhost 
rabbitmqctl list_vhosts 

# 查询交换机 
rabbitmqctl list_exchanges

# 查询队列 
rabbitmqctl list_queues 

# 查看消费者信息 
rabbitmqctl list_consumers 

# user 增删查 
rabbitmqctl add_user 
rabbitmqctl delete_user 
rabbitmqctl list_users

二、REST API

官网链接：http://localhost:15672/api/index.html

官方文档写的挺清楚的，我就不过多说明了，下面是来自官方表格

GET	PUT	DELETE	POST	Path	Description
X				/api/overview	Various random bits of information that describe the whole system.
X	X			/api/cluster-name	Name identifying this RabbitMQ cluster.
X				/api/nodes	A list of nodes in the RabbitMQ cluster.
X				/api/nodes/name	An individual node in the RabbitMQ cluster. Add "?memory=true" to get memory statistics, and "?binary=true" to get a breakdown of binary memory use (may be expensive if there are many small binaries in the system).
X				/api/extensions	A list of extensions to the management plugin.
X			X	/api/definitions /api/all-configuration (deprecated)	The server definitions - exchanges, queues, bindings, users, virtual hosts, permissions, topic permissions, and parameters. Everything apart from messages. POST to upload an existing set of definitions. Note that: The definitions are merged. Anything already existing on the server but not in the uploaded definitions is untouched. Conflicting definitions on immutable objects (exchanges, queues and bindings) will be ignored. The existing definition will be preserved. Conflicting definitions on mutable objects will cause the object in the server to be overwritten with the object from the definitions. In the event of an error you will be left with a part-applied set of definitions. For convenience you may upload a file from a browser to this URI (i.e. you can use multipart/form-data as well as application/json) in which case the definitions should be uploaded as a form field named "file".
X			X	/api/definitions/vhost	The server definitions for a given virtual host - exchanges, queues, bindings and policies. POST to upload an existing set of definitions. Note that: The definitions are merged. Anything already existing on the server but not in the uploaded definitions is untouched. Conflicting definitions on immutable objects (exchanges, queues and bindings) will be ignored. The existing definition will be preserved. Conflicting definitions on mutable objects will cause the object in the server to be overwritten with the object from the definitions. In the event of an error you will be left with a part-applied set of definitions. For convenience you may upload a file from a browser to this URI (i.e. you can use multipart/form-data as well as application/json) in which case the definitions should be uploaded as a form field named "file".
X				/api/connections	A list of all open connections. Use pagination parameters to filter connections.
X				/api/vhosts/vhost/connections	A list of all open connections in a specific virtual host. Use pagination parameters to filter connections.
X		X		/api/connections/name	An individual connection. DELETEing it will close the connection. Optionally set the "X-Reason" header when DELETEing to provide a reason.
X				/api/connections/name/channels	List of all channels for a given connection.
X				/api/channels	A list of all open channels. Use pagination parameters to filter channels.
X				/api/vhosts/vhost/channels	A list of all open channels in a specific virtual host. Use pagination parameters to filter channels.
X				/api/channels/channel	Details about an individual channel.
X				/api/consumers	A list of all consumers.
X				/api/consumers/vhost	A list of all consumers in a given virtual host.
X				/api/exchanges	A list of all exchanges. Use pagination parameters to filter exchanges.
X				/api/exchanges/vhost	A list of all exchanges in a given virtual host. Use pagination parameters to filter exchanges.
X	X	X		/api/exchanges/vhost/name	An individual exchange. To PUT an exchange, you will need a body looking something like this: {"type":"direct","auto_delete":false,"durable":true,"internal":false,"arguments":{}} The type key is mandatory; other keys are optional. When DELETEing an exchange you can add the query string parameter if-unused=true. This prevents the delete from succeeding if the exchange is bound to a queue or as a source to another exchange.
X				/api/exchanges/vhost/name/bindings/source	A list of all bindings in which a given exchange is the source.
X				/api/exchanges/vhost/name/bindings/destination	A list of all bindings in which a given exchange is the destination.
			X	/api/exchanges/vhost/name/publish	Publish a message to a given exchange. You will need a body looking something like: {"properties":{},"routing_key":"my key","payload":"my body","payload_encoding":"string"} All keys are mandatory. The payload_encoding key should be either "string" (in which case the payload will be taken to be the UTF-8 encoding of the payload field) or "base64" (in which case the payload field is taken to be base64 encoded). If the message is published successfully, the response will look like: {"routed": true} routed will be true if the message was sent to at least one queue. Please note that the HTTP API is not ideal for high performance publishing; the need to create a new TCP connection for each message published can limit message throughput compared to AMQP or other protocols using long-lived connections.
X				/api/queues	A list of all queues. Use pagination parameters to filter queues.
X				/api/queues/vhost	A list of all queues in a given virtual host. Use pagination parameters to filter queues.
X	X	X		/api/queues/vhost/name	An individual queue. To PUT a queue, you will need a body looking something like this: {"auto_delete":false,"durable":true,"arguments":{},"node":"rabbit@smacmullen"} All keys are optional. When DELETEing a queue you can add the query string parameters if-empty=true and / or if-unused=true. These prevent the delete from succeeding if the queue contains messages, or has consumers, respectively.
X				/api/queues/vhost/name/bindings	A list of all bindings on a given queue.
		X		/api/queues/vhost/name/contents	Contents of a queue. DELETE to purge. Note you can't GET this.
			X	/api/queues/vhost/name/actions	Actions that can be taken on a queue. POST a body like: {"action":"sync"} Currently the actions which are supported are sync and cancel_sync.
			X	/api/queues/vhost/name/get	Get messages from a queue. (This is not an HTTP GET as it will alter the state of the queue.) You should post a body looking like: {"count":5,"ackmode":"ack_requeue_true","encoding":"auto","truncate":50000} count controls the maximum number of messages to get. You may get fewer messages than this if the queue cannot immediately provide them. ackmode determines whether the messages will be removed from the queue. If ackmode is ack_requeue_true or reject_requeue_true they will be requeued - if ackmode is ack_requeue_false or reject_requeue_false they will be removed. encoding must be either "auto" (in which case the payload will be returned as a string if it is valid UTF-8, and base64 encoded otherwise), or "base64" (in which case the payload will always be base64 encoded). If truncate is present it will truncate the message payload if it is larger than the size given (in bytes). truncate is optional; all other keys are mandatory. Please note that the get path in the HTTP API is intended for diagnostics etc - it does not implement reliable delivery and so should be treated as a sysadmin's tool rather than a general API for messaging.
X				/api/bindings	A list of all bindings.
X				/api/bindings/vhost	A list of all bindings in a given virtual host.
X			X	/api/bindings/vhost/e/exchange/q/queue	A list of all bindings between an exchange and a queue. Remember, an exchange and a queue can be bound together many times! To create a new binding, POST to this URI. Request body should be a JSON object optionally containing two fields, routing_key (a string) and arguments (a map of optional arguments): {"routing_key":"my_routing_key", "arguments":{"x-arg": "value"}} All keys are optional. The response will contain a Location header telling you the URI of your new binding.
X		X		/api/bindings/vhost/e/exchange/q/queue/props	An individual binding between an exchange and a queue. The props part of the URI is a "name" for the binding composed of its routing key and a hash of its arguments. props is the field named "properties_key" from a bindings listing response.
X			X	/api/bindings/vhost/e/source/e/destination	A list of all bindings between two exchanges, similar to the list of all bindings between an exchange and a queue, above. To create a new binding, POST to this URI. Request body should be a JSON object optionally containing two fields, routing_key (a string) and arguments (a map of optional arguments): {"routing_key":"my_routing_key", "arguments":{"x-arg": "value"}} All keys are optional. The response will contain a Location header telling you the URI of your new binding.
X		X		/api/bindings/vhost/e/source/e/destination/props	An individual binding between two exchanges. Similar to the individual binding between an exchange and a queue, above.
X				/api/vhosts	A list of all vhosts.
X	X	X		/api/vhosts/name	An individual virtual host. As a virtual host usually only has a name, you do not need an HTTP body when PUTing one of these. To set metadata on creation, provide a body like the following: {"description":"virtual host description", "tags":"accounts,production"} tags is a comma-separated list of tags. These metadata fields are optional. To enable / disable tracing, provide a body looking like: {"tracing":true}
X				/api/vhosts/name/permissions	A list of all permissions for a given virtual host.
X				/api/vhosts/name/topic-permissions	A list of all topic permissions for a given virtual host.
			X	/api/vhosts/name/start/node	Starts virtual host name on node node.
X				/api/users/	A list of all users.
X				/api/users/without-permissions	A list of users that do not have access to any virtual host.
			X	/api/users/bulk-delete	Bulk deletes a list of users. Request body must contain the list: {"users" : ["user1", "user2", "user3"]}
X	X	X		/api/users/name	An individual user. To PUT a user, you will need a body looking something like this: {"password":"secret","tags":"administrator"} or: {"password_hash":"2lmoth8l4H0DViLaK9Fxi6l9ds8=", "tags":"administrator"} The tags key is mandatory. Either password or password_hash can be set. If neither are set the user will not be able to log in with a password, but other mechanisms like client certificates may be used. Setting password_hash to "" will ensure the user cannot use a password to log in. tags is a comma-separated list of tags for the user. Currently recognised tags are administrator, monitoring and management. password_hash must be generated using the algorithm described here. You may also specify the hash function being used by adding the hashing_algorithm key to the body. Currently recognised algorithms are rabbit_password_hashing_sha256, rabbit_password_hashing_sha512, and rabbit_password_hashing_md5.
X				/api/users/user/permissions	A list of all permissions for a given user.
X				/api/users/user/topic-permissions	A list of all topic permissions for a given user.
X				/api/user-limits	Lists per-user limits for all users.
X				/api/user-limits/user	Lists per-user limits for a specific user.
	X	X		/api/user-limits/user/name	Set or delete per-user limit for user. The name URL path element refers to the name of the limit (max-connections, max-channels). Limits are set using a JSON document in the body: {"value": 100} . Example request: curl -4u 'guest:guest' -H 'content-type:application/json' -X PUT localhost:15672/api/user-limits/guest/max-connections -d '{"value": 50}'
X				/api/whoami	Details of the currently authenticated user.
X				/api/permissions	A list of all permissions for all users.
X	X	X		/api/permissions/vhost/user	An individual permission of a user and virtual host. To PUT a permission, you will need a body looking something like this: {"configure":".*","write":".*","read":".*"} All keys are mandatory.
X				/api/topic-permissions	A list of all topic permissions for all users.
X	X	X		/api/topic-permissions/vhost/user	Topic permissions for a user and virtual host. To PUT a topic permission, you will need a body looking something like this: {"exchange":"amq.topic","write":"^a","read":".*"} All keys are mandatory.
X				/api/parameters	A list of all vhost-scoped parameters.
X				/api/parameters/component	A list of all vhost-scoped parameters for a given component.
X				/api/parameters/component/vhost	A list of all vhost-scoped parameters for a given component and virtual host.
X	X	X		/api/parameters/component/vhost/name	An individual vhost-scoped parameter. To PUT a parameter, you will need a body looking something like this: {"vhost": "/","component":"federation","name":"local_username","value":"guest"}
X				/api/global-parameters	A list of all global parameters.
X	X	X		/api/global-parameters/name	An individual global parameter. To PUT a parameter, you will need a body looking something like this: {"name":"user_vhost_mapping","value":{"guest":"/","rabbit":"warren"}}
X				/api/policies	A list of all policies.
X				/api/policies/vhost	A list of all policies in a given virtual host.
X	X	X		/api/policies/vhost/name	An individual policy. To PUT a policy, you will need a body looking something like this: {"pattern":"^amq.", "definition": {"federation-upstream-set":"all"}, "priority":0, "apply-to": "all"} pattern and definition are mandatory, priority and apply-to are optional.
X				/api/operator-policies	A list of all operator policy overrides.
X				/api/operator-policies/vhost	A list of all operator policy overrides in a given virtual host.
X	X	X		/api/operator-policies/vhost/name	An individual operator policy. To PUT a policy, you will need a body looking something like this: {"pattern":"^amq.", "definition": {"expires":100}, "priority":0, "apply-to": "queues"} pattern and definition are mandatory, priority and apply-to are optional.
X				/api/aliveness-test/vhost	Declares a test queue on the target node, then publishes and consumes a message. Intended to be used as a very basic health check. Responds a 200 OK if the check succeeded, otherwise responds with a 503 Service Unavailable.
X				/api/health/checks/alarms	Responds a 200 OK if there are no alarms in effect in the cluster, otherwise responds with a 503 Service Unavailable.
X				/api/health/checks/local-alarms	Responds a 200 OK if there are no local alarms in effect on the target node, otherwise responds with a 503 Service Unavailable.
X				/api/health/checks/certificate-expiration/within/unit	Checks the expiration date on the certificates for every listener configured to use TLS. Responds a 200 OK if all certificates are valid (have not expired), otherwise responds with a 503 Service Unavailable. Valid units: days, weeks, months, years. The value of the within argument is the number of units. So, when within is 2 and unit is "months", the expiration period used by the check will be the next two months.
X				/api/health/checks/port-listener/port	Responds a 200 OK if there is an active listener on the give port, otherwise responds with a 503 Service Unavailable.
X				/api/health/checks/protocol-listener/protocol	Responds a 200 OK if there is an active listener for the given protocol, otherwise responds with a 503 Service Unavailable. Valid protocol names are: amqp091, amqp10, mqtt, stomp, web-mqtt, web-stomp.
X				/api/health/checks/virtual-hosts	Responds a 200 OK if all virtual hosts and running on the target node, otherwise responds with a 503 Service Unavailable.
X				/api/health/checks/node-is-mirror-sync-critical	Checks if there are classic mirrored queues without synchronised mirrors online (queues that would potentially lose data if the target node is shut down). Responds a 200 OK if there are no such classic mirrored queues, otherwise responds with a 503 Service Unavailable.
X				/api/health/checks/node-is-quorum-critical	Checks if there are quorum queues with minimum online quorum (queues that would lose their quorum and availability if the target node is shut down). Responds a 200 OK if there are no such quorum queues, otherwise responds with a 503 Service Unavailable.
X				/api/vhost-limits	Lists per-vhost limits for all vhosts.
X				/api/vhost-limits/vhost	Lists per-vhost limits for specific vhost.
	X	X		/api/vhost-limits/vhost/name	Set or delete per-vhost limit for vhost. The name URL path element refers to the name of the limit (max-connections, max-queues). Limits are set using a JSON document in the body: {"value": 100} . Example request: curl -4u 'guest:guest' -H 'content-type:application/json' -X PUT localhost:15672/api/vhost-limits/my-vhost/max-connections -d '{"value": 50}'
X				/api/auth	Details about the OAuth2 configuration. It will return HTTP status 200 with body: {"enable_uaa":"boolean", "uaa_client_id":"string", "uaa_location":"string"}
			X	/api/rebalance/queues	Rebalances all queues in all vhosts. This operation is asynchronous therefore please check the RabbitMQ log file for messages regarding the success or failure of the operation. curl -4u 'guest:guest' -XPOST localhost:15672/api/rebalance/queues/
X				/api/federation-links /api/federation-links/vhost	Provides status for all federation links. Requires the rabbitmq_federation_management plugin to be enabled.
X		X		/api/auth/attempts/node	A list of authentication attempts.
X		X		/api/auth/attempts/node/source	A list of authentication attempts by remote address and username.

三、prometheus + grafana 监控rabbitmq 

3.1、 安装并启动grafana

创建数据文件挂载目录：

mkdir -p /data/grafana

最新版的grafana出现启动失败的问题，需要授予一下权限给数据挂载目录。这是因为Grafana启动使用的用户和用户组都是472，造成对外挂存储没有权限。

chown -R 472:472 /data/grafana

启动grafana

docker run -it -d --name=gra -p 3000:3000 -v /data/grafana/:/var/lib/grafana grafana/grafana

3.2、 安装并启动node export

docker run -d --restart=always --name node --net="host" --pid="host" -v "/:/host:ro,rslave"   prom/node-exporter --path.rootfs=/host

3.3、安装并启动prometheus

创建prometheus.yml配置文件，注意当前路径：

vim prometheus.yml

scrape_configs:
  - job_name: monitor
    static_configs:
      - targets: ['192.x.x.x:9100']

注意：

• • job_name：可以理解为当前任务的任务名

  • 192.x.x.x是内网IP地址，需要注意

  • targets是列表，意味着可以在里面监听多个IP和端口：

    • targets: ['192.x.x.x:9100','192.x.x.x:3306','192.x.x.y:6379']

启动容器，注意prometheus.yml的绝对路径：

docker run -it -d -p 9090:9090 --name pro -v /root/prometheus.yml:/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml prom/prometheus

3.4、 配置grafana图形界面

 我配置的数据源是普罗米修斯