一、Nova组件概述
计算节点通过Nova Computer进行虚拟机创建，通过libvirt调用kvm创建虚拟机，nova之间通信通过rabbitMQ队列进行通信。
Nova位于Openstack架构的中心，其他服务或者组件（比如Glance、Cinder、Neutron等）对它提供支持，另外它本身的架构也比较复杂。
作用：
- Nova是OpenStack最核心的服务模块，负责管理和维护云计算环境的计算资源，负责整个云环境虚拟机生命周期的管理。
- Nova是OpenStack的计算服务，负责维护和管理的网络和存储，提供计算服务。
https://www.cnblogs.com/mh20131118/p/12939358.html
https://www.cnblogs.com/linuxk/p/9454258.html
二、Nova组建操作
1、安全组相关操作
nova
secgroup-add-default-rule Add a rule to the set of rules that will be
added to the 'default' security group for new
tenants (nova-network only).
secgroup-add-group-rule Add a source group rule to a security group.
secgroup-add-rule Add a rule to a security group.
secgroup-create Create a security group.
secgroup-delete Delete a security group.
secgroup-delete-default-rule
Delete a rule from the set of rules that will
be added to the 'default' security group for
new tenants (nova-network only).
secgroup-delete-group-rule Delete a source group rule from a security
group.
secgroup-delete-rule Delete a rule from a security group.
secgroup-list List security groups for the current tenant.
secgroup-list-default-rules
List rules that will be added to the 'default'
security group for new tenants.
secgroup-list-rules List rules for a security group.
secgroup-update Update a security group.
# 安全组查看：
[root@controller ~]# nova secgroup-list
+--------------------------------------+---------+------------------------+
| Id | Name | Description |
+--------------------------------------+---------+------------------------+
| 486eaa38-8e3d-4214-96bc-e6fee9b81be6 | default | Default security group |
+--------------------------------------+---------+------------------------+
# 安全组创建
[root@controller ~]# nova secgroup-create hqs 'Most great security group'
+--------------------------------------+------+---------------------------+
| Id | Name | Description |
+--------------------------------------+------+---------------------------+
| 1f2e9304-2fa0-45ac-a407-9816c72a1190 | hqs | Most great security group |
+--------------------------------------+------+---------------------------+
# 安全组更新
[root@controller ~]# nova secgroup-update 218faa36-c250-40d5-9775-534049e5771a hqs111 'One of the most great security group '
+--------------------------------------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| Id | Name | Description |
+--------------------------------------+--------+---------------------------------------+
| 218faa36-c250-40d5-9775-534049e5771a | hqs111 | One of the most great security group |
+--------------------------------------+--------+---------------------------------------+
# 安全组删除
[root@controller ~]# nova secgroup-delete hqs111
# 安全组规则查看
[root@controller ~]# nova secgroup-list-rules hqs
+-------------+-----------+---------+----------+--------------+
| IP Protocol | From Port | To Port | IP Range | Source Group |
+-------------+-----------+---------+----------+--------------+
+-------------+-----------+---------+----------+--------------+
[root@controller ~]# nova secgroup-list-rules default
+-------------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------------+
| IP Protocol | From Port | To Port | IP Range | Source Group |
+-------------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------------+
| tcp | 1 | 65535 | 0.0.0.0/0 | |
| udp | 1 | 65535 | 0.0.0.0/0 | |
| icmp | -1 | -1 | 0.0.0.0/0 | |
| | | | | default |
| | | | | default |
+-------------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------------+
# 安全组规则添加
[root@controller ~]# nova secgroup-add-rule hqs icmp -1 -1 0.0.0.0/0
+-------------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------------+
| IP Protocol | From Port | To Port | IP Range | Source Group |
+-------------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------------+
| icmp | -1 | -1 | 0.0.0.0/0 | |
+-------------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------------+
[root@controller ~]# nova secgroup-add-rule hqs udp 1 65535 0.0.0.0/0
+-------------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------------+
| IP Protocol | From Port | To Port | IP Range | Source Group |
+-------------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------------+
| udp | 1 | 65535 | 0.0.0.0/0 | |
+-------------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------------+
[root@controller ~]# nova secgroup-add-rule hqs tcp 1 65535 0.0.0.0/0
+-------------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------------+
| IP Protocol | From Port | To Port | IP Range | Source Group |
+-------------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------------+
| tcp | 1 | 65535 | 0.0.0.0/0 | |
+-------------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------------+
# 安全组规则删除
[root@controller ~]# nova secgroup-delete-rule hqs icmp -1 -1 0.0.0.0/0
+-------------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------------+
| IP Protocol | From Port | To Port | IP Range | Source Group |
+-------------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------------+
| icmp | -1 | -1 | 0.0.0.0/0 | |
+-------------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------------+
[root@controller ~]# nova secgroup-list-rules hqs
+-------------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------------+
| IP Protocol | From Port | To Port | IP Range | Source Group |
+-------------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------------+
| udp | 1 | 65535 | 0.0.0.0/0 | |
| tcp | 1 | 65535 | 0.0.0.0/0 | |
+-------------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------------+
2、云主机类型操作
nova
flavor-access-add Add flavor access for the given tenant.
flavor-access-list Print access information about the given
flavor.
flavor-access-remove Remove flavor access for the given tenant.
flavor-create Create a new flavor.
flavor-delete Delete a specific flavor
flavor-key Set or unset extra_spec for a flavor.
flavor-list Print a list of available 'flavors' (sizes of
servers).
flavor-show Show details about the given flavor.
# 云主机类型列表查看
[root@controller ~]# nova flavor-list
+--------------------------------------+-----------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+
| ID | Name | Memory_MB | Disk | Ephemeral | Swap | VCPUs | RXTX_Factor | Is_Public |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+
| 1 | m1.tiny | 512 | 1 | 0 | | 1 | 1.0 | True |
| 2 | m1.small | 2048 | 20 | 0 | | 1 | 1.0 | True |
| 3 | m1.medium | 4096 | 40 | 0 | | 2 | 1.0 | True |
| 4 | m1.large | 8192 | 80 | 0 | | 4 | 1.0 | True |
| 5 | m1.xlarge | 16384 | 160 | 0 | | 8 | 1.0 | True |
| 7645393e-4f46-473a-85bf-6ea69669dac2 | m1-hqs | 512 | 10 | 0 | | 1 | 1.0 | True |
+--------------------------------------+-----------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+
# 云主机类型添加
[root@controller ~]# nova flavor-create m1.hqs 6 1024 10 1
+----+--------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+
| ID | Name | Memory_MB | Disk | Ephemeral | Swap | VCPUs | RXTX_Factor | Is_Public |
+----+--------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+
| 6 | m1.hqs | 1024 | 10 | 0 | | 1 | 1.0 | True |
+----+--------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+
# 云主机类型详情查看
[root@controller ~]# nova flavor-show m1.hqs
+----------------------------+--------+
| Property | Value |
+----------------------------+--------+
| OS-FLV-DISABLED:disabled | False |
| OS-FLV-EXT-DATA:ephemeral | 0 |
| disk | 10 |
| extra_specs | {} |
| id | 6 |
| name | m1.hqs |
| os-flavor-access:is_public | True |
| ram | 1024 |
| rxtx_factor | 1.0 |
| swap | |
| vcpus | 1 |
+----------------------------+--------+
# 云主机类型删除
[root@controller ~]# nova flavor-delete m1-hqs
3、云主机实例操作
# 实例列表查看
nova list
# 实例详情查看
nova show <server>
# 实例创建
nova boot <实例名称>
# 可选参数：
--flavor <flavor> 虚拟机类型
--image <image> 可选用的镜像
--image-with <key=value> 镜像的元数据属性
--boot-volume <volume_id> 启动逻辑卷的ID
--snapshot <snapshot_id> 快照.
--min-count <number> Boot at least <number> servers (limited by
quota).
--max-count <number> Boot up to <number> servers (limited by
quota).
--meta <key=value> 元数据Record arbitrary key/value metadata to
/meta_data.json on the metadata server. Can be
specified multiple times.
--file <dst-path=src-path> 文件Store arbitrary files from <src-path> locally
to <dst-path> on the new server. Limited by
the injected_files quota value.
--key-name <key-name> 密钥名称Key name of keypair that should be created
earlier with the command keypair-add.
--user-data <user-data> 注入的用户数据user data file to pass to be exposed by the
metadata server.
--availability-zone <availability-zone>
可用域The availability zone for server placement.
--security-groups <security-groups>
安全组Comma separated list of security group names.
--block-device-mapping <dev-name=mapping>
块存储格式化Block device mapping in the format <dev-
name>=<id>:<type>:<size(GB)>:<delete-on-
terminate>.
--block-device key1=value1[,key2=value2...] 块设备参数
--swap <swap_size> 交换空间大小Create and attach a local swap block device of
<swap_size> MB.
--ephemeral size=<size>[,format=<format>]
连接块存储的大小Create and attach a local ephemeral block
device of <size> GB and format it to <format>.
--hint <key=value> 自定义数据Send arbitrary key/value pairs to the
scheduler for custom use.
--nic <net-id=net-uuid,net-name=network-name,v4-fixed-ip=ip-addr,v6-fixed-ip=ip-addr,port-id=port-uuid>
配置网络Create a NIC on the server. Specify option
multiple times to create multiple NICs. net-
id: attach NIC to network with this UUID net-
name: attach NIC to network with this name
(either port-id or net-id or net-name must be
provided), v4-fixed-ip: IPv4 fixed address for
NIC (optional), v6-fixed-ip: IPv6 fixed
address for NIC (optional), port-id: attach
NIC to port with this UUID (either port-id or
net-id must be provided).
--config-drive <value> 驱动配置Enable config drive.
--poll 显示创建进度Report the new server boot progress until it
completes.
--admin-pass <value> Admin password for the instance.
--access-ip-v4 <value> Alternative access IPv4 of the instance.
--access-ip-v6 <value> Alternative access IPv6 of the instance.
--description <description> Description for the server. (Supported by API
versions '2.19' - '2.latest')
# 1、查看镜像
glance image-list
# 2、查看规格
nova flavor-list
# 3、查看安全组
nova secgroup-list
# 4、查看可用的网络
neutron net-list
nova boot \
--image centos7.2 \
--availability-zone nova \
--flavor m1.hqs \
--security-groups hqs \
--nic net-id=64306052-bcec-4209-ac4c-45b9d2de4dde \
caocao-server1
# 5、实例创建
[root@controller images]# nova boot test-server --image centos7.2 --flavor m1.lxh --availability-zone nova --security-groups hqs --nic net-id=451fd2af-e1eb-4437-bf71-53b5f91c10b5
+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------+
| Property | Value |
+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------+
| OS-DCF:diskConfig | MANUAL |
| OS-EXT-AZ:availability_zone | nova |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:host | - |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:hostname | test-server |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:hypervisor_hostname | - |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:instance_name | instance-0000000d |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:kernel_id | |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:launch_index | 0 |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:ramdisk_id | |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:reservation_id | r-zoria5fn |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:root_device_name | - |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:user_data | - |
| OS-EXT-STS:power_state | 0 |
| OS-EXT-STS:task_state | scheduling |
| OS-EXT-STS:vm_state | building |
| OS-SRV-USG:launched_at | - |
| OS-SRV-USG:terminated_at | - |
| accessIPv4 | |
| accessIPv6 | |
| adminPass | ejFD96k8DUkW |
| config_drive | |
| created | 2021-10-19T02:09:45Z |
| description | - |
| flavor | m1.lxh (111) |
| hostId | |
| host_status | |
| id | 22d0a54b-2a6f-4ea8-8729-dc07055c19e5 |
| image | centos7.2 (8aec8782-c6af-41d8-a225-ada5a2af13dc) |
| key_name | - |
| locked | False |
| metadata | {} |
| name | test-server |
| os-extended-volumes:volumes_attached | [] |
| progress | 0 |
| security_groups | hqs |
| status | BUILD |
| tenant_id | 386dbfcf77e444c7872e4e23d5829fcc |
| updated | 2021-10-19T02:09:55Z |
| user_id | 0f217182b5af448c988f5464c706a337 |
+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------+
# 实例停止
[root@controller ~]# nova stop hqs_server
Request to stop server hqs_server has been accepted.
# 实例启动
[root@controller ~]# nova start hqs_server
Request to start server hqs_server has been accepted.
# 实例重启
[root@controller ~]# nova reboot hqs_server
Request to reboot server <Server: hqs_server> has been accepted.
[root@controller ~]# nova list
+--------------------------------------+------------+---------+----------------+-------------+----------------------------------+
| ID | Name | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks |
+--------------------------------------+------------+---------+----------------+-------------+----------------------------------+
| b51590fc-33cc-4d54-8e54-c0530e912d2b | hqs_server | REBOOT | reboot_started | Running | int-gre=172.25.2.8 |
| c6cabeed-1176-4634-b493-b6be7c351a03 | test | SHUTOFF | - | Shutdown | int-gre=172.25.2.3, 192.168.20.4 |
+--------------------------------------+------------+---------+----------------+-------------+----------------------------------+
# 实例挂起
[root@controller ~]# nova pause test
[root@controller ~]# nova list
+--------------------------------------+------------+--------+----------------+-------------+----------------------------------+
| ID | Name | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks |
+--------------------------------------+------------+--------+----------------+-------------+----------------------------------+
| b51590fc-33cc-4d54-8e54-c0530e912d2b | hqs_server | REBOOT | reboot_started | Running | int-gre=172.25.2.8 |
| c6cabeed-1176-4634-b493-b6be7c351a03 | test | PAUSED | - | Paused | int-gre=172.25.2.3, 192.168.20.4 |
+--------------------------------------+------------+--------+----------------+-------------+----------------------------------+
# 实例删除
[root@controller ~]# nova delete hqs_server
Request to delete server hqs_server has been accepted.
[root@controller ~]# nova list
+--------------------------------------+------+--------+------------+-------------+----------------------------------+
| ID | Name | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks |
+--------------------------------------+------+--------+------------+-------------+----------------------------------+
| c6cabeed-1176-4634-b493-b6be7c351a03 | test | PAUSED | - | Paused | int-gre=172.25.2.3, 192.168.20.4 |
+--------------------------------------+------+--------+------------+-------------+----------------------------------+
4、浮动IP
nova
floating-ip-associate Associate a floating IP address to a server.
floating-ip-bulk-create Bulk create floating IPs
by range (nova-network only).
floating-ip-bulk-delete Bulk delete floating IPs by range (nova-
network only).
floating-ip-bulk-list List all floating IPs (nova-network only).
floating-ip-create Allocate a floating IP for the current tenant.
floating-ip-delete De-allocate a floating IP.
floating-ip-disassociate Disassociate a floating IP address from a
server.
floating-ip-list List floating IPs.
floating-ip-pool-list List all floating IP pools.
# 创建浮动IP
# 语法：nova floating-ip-create <pool>
[root@controller nova]# nova floating-ip-create net-gre
+--------------------------------------+--------------+-----------+----------+---------+
| Id | IP | Server Id | Fixed IP | Pool |
+--------------------------------------+--------------+-----------+----------+---------+
| fcb2439d-ba4f-4467-ad60-34726d57aba4 | 192.168.37.5 | - | - | net-gre |
+--------------------------------------+--------------+-----------+----------+---------+
# 浮动IP的列表信息
[root@controller nova]# nova floating-ip-list
+--------------------------------------+--------------+-----------+----------+---------+
| Id | IP | Server Id | Fixed IP | Pool |
+--------------------------------------+--------------+-----------+----------+---------+
| fcb2439d-ba4f-4467-ad60-34726d57aba4 | 192.168.37.5 | - | - | net-gre |
+--------------------------------------+--------------+-----------+----------+---------+
# 浮动IP地址池信息
[root@controller nova]# nova floating-ip-pool-list
+---------+
| name |
+---------+
| net-gre |
+---------+
# 查看浮动IP详细信息
[root@controller nova]# openstack ip floating show 192.168.37.5
+---------------------+--------------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+---------------------+--------------------------------------+
| description | |
| dns_domain | |
| dns_name | |
| fixed_ip_address | None |
| floating_ip_address | 192.168.37.5 |
| floating_network_id | 847163a4-65dd-456e-a839-4f810cce80cf |
| id | fcb2439d-ba4f-4467-ad60-34726d57aba4 |
| port_id | None |
| project_id | 386dbfcf77e444c7872e4e23d5829fcc |
| router_id | None |
| status | DOWN |
+---------------------+--------------------------------------+
# 浮动ip关联给实例
# 语法：nova floating-ip-associate [--fixed-address <fixed_address>] <server> <address>
# 参数：
# <server> Name or ID of server.（nova list）
# <address> IP Address.(nova floating-ip-list)
[root@controller nova]# nova floating-ip-associate caocao-server1 192.168.37.5
[root@controller nova]# nova list
+--------------------------------------+----------------+--------+------------+-------------+---------------------------------+
| ID | Name | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks |
+--------------------------------------+----------------+--------+------------+-------------+---------------------------------+
| e2c75e51-1a3b-4a0b-8765-d7ff6e8188e3 | caocao-server1 | ACTIVE | - | Running | int-gre=10.10.0.3, 192.168.37.5 |
+-----------------------
# 浮动IP解除关联实例
# 语法：nova floating-ip-disassociate <server> <address>
[root@controller nova]# nova floating-ip-disassociate caocao-server1 192.168.37.5
[root@controller nova]# nova list
+--------------------------------------+----------------+--------+------------+-------------+-------------------+
| ID | Name | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks |
+--------------------------------------+----------------+--------+------------+-------------+-------------------+
| e2c75e51-1a3b-4a0b-8765-d7ff6e8188e3 | caocao-server1 | ACTIVE | - | Running | int-gre=10.10.0.3 |
+--------------------------------------+----------------+--------+------------+-------------+-------------------+
# 解除关联并删除浮动IP
[root@controller nova]# nova floating-ip-associate caocao-server1 192.168.37.5
[root@controller nova]# nova floating-ip-delete 192.168.37.5
[root@controller nova]# nova list
+--------------------------------------+----------------+--------+------------+-------------+-------------------+
| ID | Name | Status | Task State | Power State | Networks |
+--------------------------------------+----------------+--------+------------+-------------+-------------------+
| e2c75e51-1a3b-4a0b-8765-d7ff6e8188e3 | caocao-server1 | ACTIVE | - | Running | int-gre=10.10.0.3 |
+---------
[root@controller nova]# nova floating-ip-list
+----+----+-----------+----------+------+
| Id | IP | Server Id | Fixed IP | Pool |
+----+----+-----------+----------+------+
+----+----+-----------+----------+------+
5、密钥管理
nova
keypair-add Create a new key pair for use with servers.
keypair-delete Delete keypair given by its name. (Supported
by API versions '2.0' - '2.latest') [hint: use
'--os-compute-api-version' flag to show help
message for proper version]
keypair-list Print a list of keypairs for a user (Supported
by API versions '2.0' - '2.latest') [hint: use
'--os-compute-api-version' flag to show help
message for proper version]
keypair-show Show details about the given keypair.
(Supported by API versions '2.0' - '2.latest')
[hint: use '--os-compute-api-version' flag to
show help message for proper version]
# 查看密钥列表
[root@controller ~]# nova keypair-list
+------+------+-------------------------------------------------+
| Name | Type | Fingerprint |
+------+------+-------------------------------------------------+
| test | ssh | 5c:7e:d8:bd:b9:33:cb:f9:eb:b8:52:c4:04:7c:8c:1e |
+------+------+-------------------------------------------------+
# 查看密钥详情
[root@controller ~]# nova keypair-show test
+-------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| Property | Value |
+-------------+-------------------------------------------------+
| created_at | 2021-10-28T14:06:12.000000 |
| deleted | False |
| deleted_at | - |
| fingerprint | 5c:7e:d8:bd:b9:33:cb:f9:eb:b8:52:c4:04:7c:8c:1e |
| id | 1 |
| name | test |
| type | ssh |
| updated_at | - |
| user_id | 0f217182b5af448c988f5464c706a337 |
+-------------+-------------------------------------------------+
Public key: ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQDc/qEc2ihvE7aLgSVH0lt5PDBwEYXW0CqMx8sGJPT1p3r0mxdJiti9pJxBRoX+oOhA/LFssaOGvtHDK79Njs3HynrXkxvKo6UfmBNQzt2z5C3nTP2U17JY2wrOh7YyYdhuuRirCLNHQk4hM1YY9BbPrCLjLlQ8Gms6vdgDCgT1gXuRppBTfQKrIKKRk6d5vIqBMoGM3fCaM34DiqwOS/uq8gQM8T/io9h6XrTKWznmZgzaFJ2S3XUZhAliSEgkraxZIM8L3QWumMlBVryYVUX6QEKv29hNWYZF/bxUqfQx50vBuIfHlKgkcccAVDy6OoZNmd6T1rdJXEdW+MWobHu7 Generated-by-Nova
# 创建密钥
[root@controller ~]# nova keypair-add hqs --key-type ssh
-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----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-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
# 删除密钥
[root@controller ~]# nova keypair-list
+------+------+-------------------------------------------------+
| Name | Type | Fingerprint |
+------+------+-------------------------------------------------+
| hqs | ssh | e2:cc:e9:8f:1d:06:45:b4:52:0b:38:68:0d:15:b8:b9 |
| test | ssh | 5c:7e:d8:bd:b9:33:cb:f9:eb:b8:52:c4:04:7c:8c:1e |
+------+------+-------------------------------------------------+
[root@controller ~]# nova keypair-delete hqs
[root@controller ~]# nova keypair-list
+------+------+-------------------------------------------------+
| Name | Type | Fingerprint |
+------+------+-------------------------------------------------+
| test | ssh | 5c:7e:d8:bd:b9:33:cb:f9:eb:b8:52:c4:04:7c:8c:1e |
+------+------+-------------------------------------------------+
6、配额管理
# 待补全
[root@controller ~]# openstack quota show admin
+----------------------+----------------------------------+
| Field | Value |
+----------------------+----------------------------------+
| backup_gigabytes | 1000 |
| backups | 10 |
| cores | 20 |
| firewall | 10 |
| firewall_policy | 10 |
| firewall_rule | 100 |
| fixed-ips | -1 |
| floating-ips | 50 |
| gigabytes | 1000 |
| health_monitor | -1 |
| injected-file-size | 10240 |
| injected-files | 5 |
| injected-path-size | 255 |
| instances | 10 |
| key-pairs | 100 |
| member | -1 |
| network | 10 |
| per_volume_gigabytes | -1 |
| pool | 10 |
| port | 50 |
| project | 386dbfcf77e444c7872e4e23d5829fcc |
| properties | 128 |
| ram | 51200 |
| rbac_policy | 10 |
| router | 10 |
| secgroup-rules | 100 |
| secgroups | 10 |
| server_group_members | 10 |
| server_groups | 10 |
| snapshots | 10 |
| subnet | 10 |
| subnetpool | -1 |
| vip | 10 |
| volumes | 10 |
+----------------------+----------------------------------+
三、nova和其他组件交互操作
1、云主机卷挂载操作
nova
volume-attach Attach a volume to a server. # 卷挂载到云主机
volume-attachments List all the volumes attached to a server. # 查看所有挂载到云主机上的卷
volume-detach Detach a volume from a server. # 卷从云主机上卸载
volume-update Update volume attachment. # 卷挂载状态更新
# 卷挂载到云主机
nova volume-attach <server> <volume> [<device>]
Positional arguments:
<server> Name or ID of server.
<volume> ID of the volume to attach.
<device> Name of the device e.g. /dev/vdb. Use "auto" for autoassign (if
supported). Libvirt driver will use default device name.
[root@controller cinder]# nova volume-attach test111 f594e936-05e2-4a8c-b4c9-b96bbe7e2c82 /dev/vdb
+----------+--------------------------------------+
| Property | Value |
+----------+--------------------------------------+
| device | /dev/vdb |
| id | f594e936-05e2-4a8c-b4c9-b96bbe7e2c82 |
| serverId | 4b3a90f0-4177-44cc-8ef2-34a0e5d56b33 |
| volumeId | f594e936-05e2-4a8c-b4c9-b96bbe7e2c82 |
+----------+--------------------------------------+
# 查看所有挂载到云主机上的卷
[root@controller cinder]# nova volume-attachments test111
+--------------------------------------+----------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| ID | DEVICE | SERVER ID | VOLUME ID |
+--------------------------------------+----------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
| f594e936-05e2-4a8c-b4c9-b96bbe7e2c82 | /dev/vdb | 4b3a90f0-4177-44cc-8ef2-34a0e5d56b33 | f594e936-05e2-4a8c-b4c9-b96bbe7e2c82 |
+--------------------------------------+----------+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------+
# 卷从云主机上卸载
nova volume-detach <server> <volume>
Positional arguments:
<server> Name or ID of server.
<volume> ID of the volume to detach.
[root@controller cinder]# nova volume-detach test111 f594e936-05e2-4a8c-b4c9-b96bbe7e2c82
[root@controller cinder]# nova volume-attachments test111
+----+--------+-----------+-----------+
| ID | DEVICE | SERVER ID | VOLUME ID |
+----+--------+-----------+-----------+
+----+--------+-----------+-----------+