原型模式 ProtoType

原型模式：用原型实例指定创建对象的种类，并且通过拷贝这些原型创建新的对象

用c++做此模式时，注意深拷贝与浅拷贝

//原型设计模式
#include <IOSTREAM>
#include "string"
using namespace std;
class Prototype{        //基类提供clone接口
public:
    virtual Prototype * clone()=0;
    virtual void show() = 0;
};

class Card:public Prototype{
public:
    Card():age(20),name("Jack"){
    }
    Card(int mage,string mname):age(mage),name(mname){
    }
    Card(const Card & other){
        this->age = other.age;
        this->name = other.name;
    }
    Prototype * clone();

    void show(){
        cout<<"name : "<<name<<" age : "<<age<<endl;
    }
private:
    int age;
    string name;
};
Prototype * Card::clone(){
    return new Card(*this);
}
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    Prototype * card = new Card;
    card->show();
    Prototype * cardcopy = card->clone();
    cardcopy->show();
    delete card;
    delete cardcopy;

    Prototype * card2 = new Card(100,"Mike");
    card2->show();
    Prototype * card2copy = card2->clone();
    card2copy->show();
    delete card2;
    delete card2copy;
    return 0;
}

提供一个ProtoType基类以提供clone和show接口，有原型拷贝功能的类继承ProtoType类。