微信小程序实现按首字母检索城市列表

不说废话，上效果图

因为我有多处要用到，所以我这里是写成自定义组件的，你也可以直接改成在page页面编写：

布局左边一个scroll-view，显示城市列表,右边一个view显示字母列表，城市列表这边有首字母显示，给这个添加这个字母的ID，然后给右边的26个字母添加点击事件，点击的时候获取到点击的是哪个字母，给scroll-view的scroll-into-view赋值相应的字母，它左边就可以跳到相应的地方，再给scroll-view 加一个scroll-with-animation，让它跳转的时候有动画效果；

首先，我们来看看wxml

<view class='city_box' style='{{styles}}'>
      <view class='city_left'>
          <scroll-view scroll-y style='100%;height:100%;' scroll-with-animation scroll-into-view='{{cityListId}}'>
              <view class='city_locate' data-types='locate' catchtap='cityTap'>
                  <text class='city_locate_title'>自动定位</text>
                  <text class='city_locate_text' style='{{!locateCity&&"color:#33b9ff;"}}'>{{locateCity||'点击定位'}}</text>
              </view>
              <view class='national' data-types='national' catchtap='cityTap'>全国</view>
              <view class='new_city'>
                  <view class='new_city_title'>热门城市</view>
                  <view class='new_city_box'>
                      <text class='new_city_text' wx:for='{{newcity}}' wx:key='this' data-types='new' catchtap='cityTap' data-val='{{item}}'>{{item}}</text>
                  </view>
              </view>
              <view class='city_list_box'>
                <block wx:for='{{citylist}}' wx:key='this' wx:for-item='letterItem' wx:for-index='letterIndex'>
                  <view class='city_first_letter' id='{{letterItem.letter}}'>{{letterItem.letter}}</view>
                  <text class='city_name' wx:for='{{letterItem.data}}' wx:key='this' data-types='list' catchtap='cityTap' data-index='{{index}}' data-val='{{item}}'>{{item.cityName}}</text>
                </block>
              </view>
          </scroll-view>
      </view>
      <view class='city_right'>
          <text class='letter_item' wx:for='{{letter}}' wx:key='this' catchtap='letterTap' data-item='{{item}}'>{{item}}</text>
      </view>
  </view>

然后wxss

.city_box{
  height:100%;
  background: #fff;
  display: flex;
}
.city_left{
  flex: 1;
}
.city_right{
   60rpx;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  justify-content: space-around;
}
.letter_item{
  flex: 1;
  display: block;
  font-size: 24rpx;
  color: #33B9FF;
  text-align: center;
}
.city_locate,.national{
  height: 80rpx;
  line-height: 80rpx;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #efefef;
  font-size: 28rpx;
  color: #333;
  padding-left: 25rpx;
}
.city_locate_title{
  color: #999;
  margin-right: 20rpx;
}
.new_city{
  background: #efefef;
  font-size: 28rpx;
}
.new_city_title{
  line-height: 50rpx;
  color: #999;
  padding-left: 25rpx;
  margin-bottom: 20rpx;
}
.new_city_box{
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.new_city_text{
   200rpx;
  text-align: center;
  line-height: 70rpx;
  background: #fff;
  border-radius: 35rpx;
  margin:0 0 22rpx 22rpx;
}
.city_first_letter{
  line-height: 40rpx;
  height: 40rpx;
  padding-left: 25rpx;
  font-size: 28rpx;
  background: #eee;
  color: #999;
}
.city_name{
  display: block;
  line-height: 80rpx;
  height: 80rpx;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #efefef;
  font-size: 28rpx;
  color: #333;
  padding-left: 25rpx;
}

然后是json文件，因为我这里是组件，所以是下面这样，如果你不是的组件，那么不要这句

{

"component": true

}

最后JS，因为我这里是写的一个组件，所以是Component而不是Page

import qqmap from '../../utils/map.js';
Component({
  properties: {
    styles:{//这个是可以自定义最外层的view的样式
      type:String,
      value:'',
      observer: function (newval, oldval) {
        // 监听改变
        console.log(newval, oldval);
      }
    }
  },
  data: {
    //下面是字母排序
    letter: ["A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "G", "H", "I", "J", "K", "L", "M", "N", "O", "P", "Q", "R", "S", "T", "U", "V", "W", "X", "Y", "Z"],
    cityListId: '',
    //下面是城市列表信息，这里只是模拟数据
    citylist: [{ "letter": "A", "data": [{ "id": "v7", "cityName": "安徽" }] }, { "letter": "B", "data": [{ "id": "v10", "cityName": "巴中" }, { "id": "v4", "cityName": "包头" }, { "id": "v1", "cityName": "北京" }] }, { "letter": "C", "data": [{ "id": "v15", "cityName": "成都" }] }, { "letter": "D", "data": [{ "id": "v21", "cityName": "稻城" }] }, { "letter": "G", "data": [{ "id": "v17", "cityName": "广州" }, { "id": "v29", "cityName": "桂林" }] }, { "letter": "H", "data": [{ "id": "v9", "cityName": "海南" }, { "id": "v3", "cityName": "呼和浩特" }] }, { "letter": "L", "data": [{ "id": "v24", "cityName": "洛阳" }, { "id": "v20", "cityName": "拉萨" }, { "id": "v14", "cityName": "丽江" }] }, { "letter": "M", "data": [{ "id": "v13", "cityName": "眉山" }] }, { "letter": "N", "data": [{ "id": "v27", "cityName": "南京" }] }, { "letter": "S", "data": [{ "id": "v18", "cityName": "三亚" }, { "id": "v2", "cityName": "上海" }] }, { "letter": "T", "data": [{ "id": "v5", "cityName": "天津" }] }, { "letter": "W", "data": [{ "id": "v12", "cityName": "乌鲁木齐" }, { "id": "v25", "cityName": "武汉" }] }, { "letter": "X", "data": [{ "id": "v23", "cityName": "西安" }, { "id": "v28", "cityName": "香港" }, { "id": "v19", "cityName": "厦门" }] }, { "letter": "Z", "data": [{ "id": "v8", "cityName": "张家口" }] }],
    //下面是热门城市数据，模拟数据
    newcity: ['北京', '上海', '广州', '深圳', '成都', '杭州'],
    // citySel: '全国',
    locateCity: ''
  },
  methods: {
    //点击城市
    cityTap(e) {
      const val = e.currentTarget.dataset.val || '',
        types = e.currentTarget.dataset.types || '',
        Index = e.currentTarget.dataset.index || '',
        that=this;
      let city = this.data.citySel;
      switch (types) {
        case 'locate':
          //定位内容
          city = this.data.locateCity;
          break;
        case 'national':
          //全国
          city = '全国';
          break;
        case 'new':
          //热门城市
          city = val;
          break;
        case 'list':
          //城市列表
          city = val.cityName;
          break;
      }
      if(city){
        wx.setStorage({
          key: 'city',
          data: city
        })
　　　　//点击后给父组件可以通过bindcitytap事件，获取到cityname的值，这是子组件给父组件传值和触发事件的方法
        this.triggerEvent('citytap', { cityname: city });
      }else{
        console.log('还没有');
        this.getLocate();
      }
     
    },
    //点击城市字母
    letterTap(e) {
      const Item = e.currentTarget.dataset.item;
      this.setData({
        cityListId: Item
      });
      console.log(this.data.cityListId);
    },
    //调用定位
    getLocate(){
      let that=this;
      new qqmap().getLocateInfo().then(function (val) {//这个方法在另一个文件里，下面有贴出代码
        console.log(val);
        if (val.indexOf('市') !== -1) {//这里是去掉“市”这个字
          console.log(val.indexOf('市') - 1);
          val = val.slice(0, val.indexOf('市'));
          console.log(val);
        }
        that.setData({ 
          locateCity: val
        });
        //把获取的定位和获取的时间放到本地存储
        wx.setStorageSync('locatecity', { city: val, time: new Date().getTime() });
      });
    }
  },
  ready(){
    console.log(getApp());
    let that = this,
        cityOrTime = wx.getStorageSync('locatecity')||{},
        time = new Date().getTime(),
        city='';
    if (!cityOrTime.time||(time - cityOrTime.time > 1800000)){//每隔30分钟请求一次定位
      this.getLocate();
    }else{//如果未满30分钟，那么直接从本地缓存里取值
      that.setData({
        locateCity: cityOrTime.city
      })
    }
   
    
  }
})

然后是引用的map.js，这里需要用到腾讯地图的微信小程序sdk获取当前经纬度的详情信息，然后取到当前城市，这是腾讯地图微信小程序JavaScript SDK，可以去查看教程，这里用到的是地址解析功能；

const wxqqmap = require('../libs/qqmap-wx-jssdk.min.js'),
      qqwxmap = new wxqqmap({
        key: 'GTDBZ-WFSRX-JOT4W-7WYBD-Z2CTO-7QBEM' // 必填，这里最好填自己申请的的
      }); 
import util from './util.js';
const qq='sdfsdf';
export default class qqmap{//获取定位信息
  getLocateInfo(){
    let that=this;
    return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
            that.location().then(function(val){
              //如果通过授权，那么直接使用腾讯的微信小程序sdk获取当前定位城市
              qqwxmap.reverseGeocoder({
                location: {
                  latitude: val.latitude,
                  longitude: val.longitude
                },
                success: function (res) {
                  console.log(res.result.address_component.city);
                  resolve(res.result.address_component.city);//返回城市
                },
                fail: function (res) {
                  reject(res);
                },
                complete: function (res) {
                  console.log(res);
                }
              });
                
              },function(error) {
                //如果用户拒绝了授权，那么这里会提醒他，去授权后再定位
                console.log('shibai');
                wx.showModal({
                  title: '',
                  content: '自动定位需要授权地理定位选项',
                  confirmText: '去授权',
                  success(res) {
                    if (res.confirm) {
                      wx.openSetting({
                        success(res) {
                          console.log(res);
                          that.getLocateInfo();
                        }
                      })
                    }
                  }
                })

              })
          
    })
  }
  
//定位，获取当前经纬度
  location(){   
    return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {  
      wx.getLocation({
        altitude: true,
        success: function (res) {
          resolve(res);
        },fail(res){
          reject(res);
        }
      })
    });
    
  }  

  
}

然后在引用这个组件的时候，在引用的页面的json文件里要添加这一句

{
  "usingComponents":{
    "citylist":"../../component/cityListCom/cityListCom"
  }
}

然后在引用的wxml界面添加组件，styles是设置的组件的变量，我这里是可以改变组件最外层的样式，bindcitytap是上面组件js里的点击城市方法里提到的事件

<citylist styles='max-height:100%;' bindcitytap='cityTap'></citylist>

然后在引用的界面的js里，写个cityTap事件，获取传过来的值

// pages/cityList/cityList.js
Page({
  data: {
    winHeight:0
  },
//监听传值，后面自己做处理了
  cityTap(e){
    console.log('fasdfsdfsdfds');
    console.log(e);
    const cityName=e.detail.cityname;
    wx.navigateBack();
  },
  /**
   * 生命周期函数--监听页面加载
   */
  onLoad: function (options) {
    const win = wx.getSystemInfoSync();
    console.log(win);
    this.setData({
      winHeight: win.windowHeight
    });
  }
})

这样就可以了。

如果不想写成组件的，想直接写在一个页面里面，需要改一下

首先wxml里面去掉圈起来的这句

WXSS里面添加page{height:100%;}

JS里面改成这样

import qqmap from '../../utils/map.js';//这里的路径看你自己的文件路径
Page({
  data: {
    //下面是字母排序
    letter: ["A", "B", "C", "D", "E", "F", "G", "H", "I", "J", "K", "L", "M", "N", "O", "P", "Q", "R", "S", "T", "U", "V", "W", "X", "Y", "Z"],
    cityListId: '',
    //下面是城市列表信息，这里只是模拟数据
    citylist: [{ "letter": "A", "data": [{ "id": "v7", "cityName": "安徽" }] }, { "letter": "B", "data": [{ "id": "v10", "cityName": "巴中" }, { "id": "v4", "cityName": "包头" }, { "id": "v1", "cityName": "北京" }] }, { "letter": "C", "data": [{ "id": "v15", "cityName": "成都" }] }, { "letter": "D", "data": [{ "id": "v21", "cityName": "稻城" }] }, { "letter": "G", "data": [{ "id": "v17", "cityName": "广州" }, { "id": "v29", "cityName": "桂林" }] }, { "letter": "H", "data": [{ "id": "v9", "cityName": "海南" }, { "id": "v3", "cityName": "呼和浩特" }] }, { "letter": "L", "data": [{ "id": "v24", "cityName": "洛阳" }, { "id": "v20", "cityName": "拉萨" }, { "id": "v14", "cityName": "丽江" }] }, { "letter": "M", "data": [{ "id": "v13", "cityName": "眉山" }] }, { "letter": "N", "data": [{ "id": "v27", "cityName": "南京" }] }, { "letter": "S", "data": [{ "id": "v18", "cityName": "三亚" }, { "id": "v2", "cityName": "上海" }] }, { "letter": "T", "data": [{ "id": "v5", "cityName": "天津" }] }, { "letter": "W", "data": [{ "id": "v12", "cityName": "乌鲁木齐" }, { "id": "v25", "cityName": "武汉" }] }, { "letter": "X", "data": [{ "id": "v23", "cityName": "西安" }, { "id": "v28", "cityName": "香港" }, { "id": "v19", "cityName": "厦门" }] }, { "letter": "Z", "data": [{ "id": "v8", "cityName": "张家口" }] }],
    //下面是热门城市数据，模拟数据
    newcity: ['北京', '上海', '广州', '深圳', '成都', '杭州'],
    // citySel: '全国',
    locateCity: ''
  },

    //点击城市
    cityTap(e) {
      console.log(e)
      const val = e.currentTarget.dataset.val || '',
        types = e.currentTarget.dataset.types || '',
        Index = e.currentTarget.dataset.index || '',
        that = this;
      let city = this.data.citySel;
      switch (types) {
        case 'locate':
          //定位内容
          city = this.data.locateCity;
          break;
        case 'national':
          //全国
          city = '全国';
          break;
        case 'new':
          //热门城市
          city = val;
          break;
        case 'list':
          //城市列表
          city = val.cityName;
          break;
      }
      if (city) {
        wx.setStorage({
          key: 'city',
          data: city
        })
        　　　　//点击后给父组件可以通过bindcitytap事件，获取到cityname的值，这是子组件给父组件传值和触发事件的方法
        this.triggerEvent('citytap', { cityname: city });
      } else {
        console.log('还没有');
        this.getLocate();
      }

    },
    //点击城市字母
    letterTap(e) {
      const Item = e.currentTarget.dataset.item;
      this.setData({
        cityListId: Item
      });
      console.log("..............."+this.data.cityListId);
    },
    //调用定位
    getLocate() {
      let that = this;
      new qqmap().getLocateInfo().then(function (val) {//这个方法在另一个文件里，下面有贴出代码
        console.log(val);
        if (val.indexOf('市') !== -1) {//这里是去掉“市”这个字
          console.log(val.indexOf('市') - 1);
          val = val.slice(0, val.indexOf('市'));
          console.log(val);
        }
        that.setData({
          locateCity: val
        });
        //把获取的定位和获取的时间放到本地存储
        wx.setStorageSync('locatecity', { city: val, time: new Date().getTime() });
      });
    },

  onShow() {
    console.log(getApp());
    let that = this,
      cityOrTime = wx.getStorageSync('locatecity') || {},
      time = new Date().getTime(),
      city = '';
    if (!cityOrTime.time || (time - cityOrTime.time > 1800000)) {//每隔30分钟请求一次定位
      this.getLocate();
    } else {//如果未满30分钟，那么直接从本地缓存里取值
      that.setData({
        locateCity: cityOrTime.city
      })
    }


  }
})

然后运行就可以了

完结

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