spring 拦截器

spring提供了HandlerInterceptor接口，里面有三个个方法：preHandle，postHandle，afterCompletion

详细注释如下：

/**
* Intercept the execution of a handler. Called after HandlerMapping determined
* an appropriate handler object, but before HandlerAdapter invokes the handler.
* <p>DispatcherServlet processes a handler in an execution chain, consisting
* of any number of interceptors, with the handler itself at the end.
* With this method, each interceptor can decide to abort the execution chain,
* typically sending a HTTP error or writing a custom response.
* @param request current HTTP request
* @param response current HTTP response
* @param handler chosen handler to execute, for type and/or instance evaluation
* @return {@code true} if the execution chain should proceed with the
* next interceptor or the handler itself. Else, DispatcherServlet assumes
* that this interceptor has already dealt with the response itself.
* @throws Exception in case of errors
*/
boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler)
throws Exception;



/**
* Intercept the execution of a handler. Called after HandlerAdapter actually
* invoked the handler, but before the DispatcherServlet renders the view.
* Can expose additional model objects to the view via the given ModelAndView.
* <p>DispatcherServlet processes a handler in an execution chain, consisting
* of any number of interceptors, with the handler itself at the end.
* With this method, each interceptor can post-process an execution,
* getting applied in inverse order of the execution chain.
* @param request current HTTP request
* @param response current HTTP response
* @param handler handler (or {@link HandlerMethod}) that started async
* execution, for type and/or instance examination
* @param modelAndView the {@code ModelAndView} that the handler returned
* (can also be {@code null})
* @throws Exception in case of errors
*/
void postHandle(
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView)
throws Exception;



/**
* Callback after completion of request processing, that is, after rendering
* the view. Will be called on any outcome of handler execution, thus allows
* for proper resource cleanup.
* <p>Note: Will only be called if this interceptor's {@code preHandle}
* method has successfully completed and returned {@code true}!
* <p>As with the {@code postHandle} method, the method will be invoked on each
* interceptor in the chain in reverse order, so the first interceptor will be
* the last to be invoked.
* @param request current HTTP request
* @param response current HTTP response
* @param handler handler (or {@link HandlerMethod}) that started async
* execution, for type and/or instance examination
* @param ex exception thrown on handler execution, if any
* @throws Exception in case of errors
*/
void afterCompletion(
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex)
throws Exception;

　　简单解释一下就是 preHandle方法会拦截执行器的执行，具体是在HandlerMapping确定一个适当的执行器对象之后、HandlerAdapter调用这个执行器之前；DispatcherServlet是在执行链中处理执行器的，执行链中有许多拦截器，依据他们的声明顺序依次执行，且都先执行prehandle方法，该方法的返回值是布尔值Boolean类型的，当它返回为false 时，表示请求结束，后续的Interceptor 和Controller 都不会再执行；当返回值为true 时就会继续调用下一个Interceptor 的preHandle 方法，如果已经是最后一个Interceptor 的时候就会是调用当前请求的Controller 方法。

　　postHandle方法在HandlerAdapter调用这个执行器之后、DispatcherServlet返回view之前调用。通过给定的modelAndView可以暴露额外的模型对象给view。postHandle 方法被调用的方向跟preHandle 是相反的，也就是说先声明的Interceptor 的postHandle 方法反而会后执行。

　　afterCompletion方法在请求处理完成之后，即渲染视图之后执行，这个方法的主要作用是用于进行资源清理工作的。