zoukankan      html  css  js  c++  java
  • 来吧,给你的Winform列表控件画个妆

    前言

    以前看别人的控件好看只有羡慕的份;以前觉得控件重绘是个很复杂的东西;以前知道MSDN很全面很专业却一直没有好好用起来;

    作为初级程序猿,不能原地踏步,来吧,让我们一起把 TreeView 美化一下,每天进步一点点! 

    要点

    1、WinForm自定义控件

    2、重绘

    3、MSDN使用

    基础准备:利用MSDN查找我们需要的资料

    1、进入MSDN技术资料库:http://msdn.microsoft.com/library

    2、在右上角搜索栏里输入 TreeView

    3、找到TreeView类(System.Windows.Forms)这一条【应该是搜索结果里的第二条】,里面详尽的介绍了这个类

    这里直接附上地址:http://msdn.microsoft.com/zh-cn/library/system.windows.forms.treeview(v=vs.110).aspx

    4、TreeView的方法、属性、事件等可以大概浏览下,知道有这个东西就行,继续往下看,我发现了我们需要的东西:

    这里的意思是我们可以完全自定义TreeView的外观有2个要点:

      一个是将DrawMode属性设置为TreeViewDrawMode.Normal以外的值;

      一个是在DrawNode事件里我们可以进行对控件的皮肤修改

    5、那DrawNode事件怎么用呢?截图中我们看到末尾的 DrawNode 字样是个超级链接,果断点进去一看究竟,于是发现了如下描述:

    6、这段文字很详尽的介绍了DrawNode事件,我们可以总结出3个要点:

      a、TreeView提供2种自定义模式,分别是OwnerDrawText和OwnerDrawAll。

              OwnerDrawText:允许我们自定义节点的字体样式

              OwnerDrawAll:允许我们自定义节点的所有元素样式,包括字体、背景、图标等

      b、TreeNode有2个区域的概念:分别是【点击测试区域】和【整行区域】(整行区域这个名字自己取的,大家只要知道什么意思就行),来张图更容易理解

               可能区域的范围图中不是很精确,但是我们能够大概的知道 【整行区域】 是这个节点这一行所有的面积,而 【点击测试区域】    是这个节点所有表现元素(图标+字体)所占的面积,从名字上我们也大概可以猜到这个【点击测试区域】跟用户鼠标点击的位置和对应的表现行为(单击选中,双击展开等)有关。

      c、在DrawNode事件中,参数 DrawTreeNodeEventArgs.Bounds 我们可以获取到节点的【整行区域】,而 DrawTreeNodeEventArgs.Node.Bounds 我们可以获取到节点的【点击测试区域】

    7、我们MSDN网页继续向下看,发现还有一段代码示例如下:

      ps:示例什么的最好了,又直接又快捷,你懂的。而且MSDN里面的代码考虑都能周全,copy下来直接放到新建的程序里稍作调整就可以直接运行看到效果,然后我们可以逐行慢慢分析理解

    using System;
    using System.Drawing;
    using System.Windows.Forms;
    
    public class TreeViewOwnerDraw : Form
    {
        private TreeView myTreeView;
    
        // Create a Font object for the node tags.
        Font tagFont = new Font("Helvetica", 8, FontStyle.Bold);
    
        public TreeViewOwnerDraw()
        {
            // Create and initialize the TreeView control.
            myTreeView = new TreeView();
            myTreeView.Dock = DockStyle.Fill;
            myTreeView.BackColor = Color.Tan;
            myTreeView.CheckBoxes = true;
    
            // Add nodes to the TreeView control.
            TreeNode node;
            for (int x = 1; x < 4; ++x)
            {
                // Add a root node to the TreeView control.
                node = myTreeView.Nodes.Add(String.Format("Task {0}", x));
                for (int y = 1; y < 4; ++y)
                {
                    // Add a child node to the root node.
                    node.Nodes.Add(String.Format("Subtask {0}", y));
                }
            }
            myTreeView.ExpandAll();
    
            // Add tags containing alert messages to a few nodes 
            // and set the node background color to highlight them.
            myTreeView.Nodes[1].Nodes[0].Tag = "urgent!";
            myTreeView.Nodes[1].Nodes[0].BackColor = Color.Yellow;
            myTreeView.SelectedNode = myTreeView.Nodes[1].Nodes[0];
            myTreeView.Nodes[2].Nodes[1].Tag = "urgent!";
            myTreeView.Nodes[2].Nodes[1].BackColor = Color.Yellow;
    
            // Configure the TreeView control for owner-draw and add
            // a handler for the DrawNode event.
            myTreeView.DrawMode = TreeViewDrawMode.OwnerDrawText;
            myTreeView.DrawNode += 
                new DrawTreeNodeEventHandler(myTreeView_DrawNode);
    
            // Add a handler for the MouseDown event so that a node can be 
            // selected by clicking the tag text as well as the node text.
            myTreeView.MouseDown += new MouseEventHandler(myTreeView_MouseDown);
    
            // Initialize the form and add the TreeView control to it.
            this.ClientSize = new Size(292, 273);
            this.Controls.Add(myTreeView);
        }
    
        // Clean up any resources being used.        
        protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
        {
            if (disposing)
            {
                tagFont.Dispose();
            }
            base.Dispose(disposing);
        }
    
        [STAThreadAttribute()]
        static void Main() 
        {
            Application.Run(new TreeViewOwnerDraw());
        }
    
        // Draws a node.
        private void myTreeView_DrawNode(
            object sender, DrawTreeNodeEventArgs e)
        {
            // Draw the background and node text for a selected node.
            if ((e.State & TreeNodeStates.Selected) != 0)
            {
                // Draw the background of the selected node. The NodeBounds
                // method makes the highlight rectangle large enough to
                // include the text of a node tag, if one is present.
                e.Graphics.FillRectangle(Brushes.Green, NodeBounds(e.Node));
    
                // Retrieve the node font. If the node font has not been set,
                // use the TreeView font.
                Font nodeFont = e.Node.NodeFont;
                if (nodeFont == null) nodeFont = ((TreeView)sender).Font;
    
                // Draw the node text.
                e.Graphics.DrawString(e.Node.Text, nodeFont, Brushes.White,
                    Rectangle.Inflate(e.Bounds, 2, 0));
            }
    
            // Use the default background and node text.
            else 
            {
                e.DrawDefault = true;
            }
    
            // If a node tag is present, draw its string representation 
            // to the right of the label text.
            if (e.Node.Tag != null)
            {
                e.Graphics.DrawString(e.Node.Tag.ToString(), tagFont,
                    Brushes.Yellow, e.Bounds.Right + 2, e.Bounds.Top);
            }
    
            // If the node has focus, draw the focus rectangle large, making
            // it large enough to include the text of the node tag, if present.
            if ((e.State & TreeNodeStates.Focused) != 0)
            {
                using (Pen focusPen = new Pen(Color.Black))
                {
                    focusPen.DashStyle = System.Drawing.Drawing2D.DashStyle.Dot;
                    Rectangle focusBounds = NodeBounds(e.Node);
                    focusBounds.Size = new Size(focusBounds.Width - 1, 
                    focusBounds.Height - 1);
                    e.Graphics.DrawRectangle(focusPen, focusBounds);
                }
            }
        }
    
        // Selects a node that is clicked on its label or tag text.
        private void myTreeView_MouseDown(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
        {
            TreeNode clickedNode = myTreeView.GetNodeAt(e.X, e.Y);
            if (NodeBounds(clickedNode).Contains(e.X, e.Y))
            {
                myTreeView.SelectedNode = clickedNode;
            }
        }
    
        // Returns the bounds of the specified node, including the region 
        // occupied by the node label and any node tag displayed.
        private Rectangle NodeBounds(TreeNode node)
        {
            // Set the return value to the normal node bounds.
            Rectangle bounds = node.Bounds;
            if (node.Tag != null)
            {
                // Retrieve a Graphics object from the TreeView handle
                // and use it to calculate the display width of the tag.
                Graphics g = myTreeView.CreateGraphics(); 
                int tagWidth = (int)g.MeasureString
                    (node.Tag.ToString(), tagFont).Width + 6;
    
                // Adjust the node bounds using the calculated value.
                bounds.Offset(tagWidth/2, 0);
                bounds = Rectangle.Inflate(bounds, tagWidth/2, 0);
                g.Dispose();
             }
    
            return bounds;
    
        }
    
    }
    View Code

    8、这段代码里我发现了几个实用的:

      1、TreeView 的 GetNodeAt 方法支持根据鼠标点击坐标获取对应节点:

        TreeNode clickedNode = myTreeView.GetNodeAt(e.X, e.Y);

      2、TreeView 的 CreateGraphics 方法可以创建当前实例的 Graphics 对象:

        Graphics g = myTreeView.CreateGraphics(); 

        g.Dispose();

      3、DrawNode事件中的节点状态判断写法:

        例如判断当前节点为选中状态   if ((e.State & TreeNodeStates.Selected) != 0)

      4、描绘文字的方法:

        e.Graphics.DrawString(e.Node.Text, nodeFont, Brushes.White,Rectangle.Inflate(e.Bounds, 2, 0));

       5、描绘背景的方法:

        e.Graphics.DrawRectangle(focusPen, focusBounds);

    9、好的,准备工作差不多了,开始我们的皮肤美化之旅吧!

    项目创建

    步骤一:新建Winfrom项目,并新建一个自定义控件

    步骤二:修改MyTreeView类继承TreeView,注意这里需要添加引用 using System.Windows.Forms;

    步骤三:根据自己需要修改样式,下面是我的代码:

    public partial class BaseTreeView : TreeView
        {
    
            Color drawTextColor = Color.FromArgb(81, 81, 81);
    
            public BaseTreeView()
            {
                InitializeComponent();
    
                this.DrawMode = TreeViewDrawMode.OwnerDrawAll;
                this.FullRowSelect = true;
                this.ItemHeight = 23;
                this.HotTracking = true;
                this.ShowLines = true;
    
            }
    
            protected override void OnDrawNode(DrawTreeNodeEventArgs e)
            {
                base.OnDrawNode(e);
    
                //节点背景绘制
                if (e.Node.IsSelected)
                {
                    e.Graphics.DrawImage(Resources.tree_Selected, e.Bounds);
                }
                else if ((e.State & TreeNodeStates.Hot) != 0)//|| currentMouseMoveNode == e.Node)
                {
                    e.Graphics.DrawImage(Resources.tree_Hover, e.Bounds);
                }
                else
                {
                    e.Graphics.FillRectangle(Brushes.White, e.Bounds);
                }
    
                //节点头图标绘制
                if (e.Node.IsExpanded)
                {
                    e.Graphics.DrawImage(Resources.tree_NodeExpend, e.Node.Bounds.X - 12, e.Node.Bounds.Y + 6);
                }
                else if (e.Node.IsExpanded == false && e.Node.Nodes.Count > 0)
                {
                    e.Graphics.DrawImage(Resources.tree_NodeCollaps, e.Node.Bounds.X - 12, e.Node.Bounds.Y + 6);
                }
    
                //文本绘制
                using (Font foreFont = new Font(this.Font, FontStyle.Regular))
                using (Brush drawTextBrush = new SolidBrush(drawTextColor))
                {
                    e.Graphics.DrawString(e.Node.Text, foreFont, drawTextBrush, e.Node.Bounds.Left + 5, e.Node.Bounds.Top + 5);
                }
            }
    
            protected override void OnMouseDoubleClick(MouseEventArgs e)
            {
                base.OnMouseDoubleClick(e);
                TreeNode tn = this.GetNodeAt(e.Location);
                //调整【点击测试区域】大小,包括图标
                Rectangle bounds = new Rectangle(tn.Bounds.Left - 12, tn.Bounds.Y, tn.Bounds.Width - 5, tn.Bounds.Height);
                if (tn != null && bounds.Contains(e.Location) == false)
                {
                    if (tn.IsExpanded == false)
                        tn.Expand();
                    else
                        tn.Collapse();
                }
            }
    
            protected override void OnMouseClick(MouseEventArgs e)
            {
                base.OnMouseClick(e);
                TreeNode tn = this.GetNodeAt(e.Location);
                this.SelectedNode = tn;
            }
    
            TreeNode currentNode = null;
            protected override void OnMouseMove(MouseEventArgs e)
            {
                base.OnMouseMove(e);
                TreeNode tn = this.GetNodeAt(e.Location);
                Graphics g = this.CreateGraphics();
                if (currentNode != tn)
                {
                    //绘制当前节点的hover背景
                    if (tn != null)
                        OnDrawNode(new DrawTreeNodeEventArgs(g, tn, new Rectangle(0, tn.Bounds.Y, this.Width, tn.Bounds.Height), TreeNodeStates.Hot));
    
                    //取消之前hover的节点背景
                    if (currentNode != null)
                        OnDrawNode(new DrawTreeNodeEventArgs(g, currentNode, new Rectangle(0, currentNode.Bounds.Y, this.Width, currentNode.Bounds.Height), TreeNodeStates.Default));
                }
                currentNode = tn;
                g.Dispose();
            }
    
    
            protected override void OnMouseLeave(EventArgs e)
            {
                base.OnMouseLeave(e);
                //移出控件时取消Hover背景
                if (currentNode != null)
                {
                    Graphics g = this.CreateGraphics();
                    OnDrawNode(new DrawTreeNodeEventArgs(g, currentNode, new Rectangle(0, currentNode.Bounds.Y, this.Width, currentNode.Bounds.Height), TreeNodeStates.Default));
                }
            }
        }
    View Code

        效果如下图:深蓝色为节点选中时的效果,淡蓝色为鼠标停留在节点上的效果

        

    说明1:因为默认的TreeView点击非【点击测试区域】时是不触发动作效果的【单击节点选中效果、双击节点展开等效果】

             原本想尝试修改节点的【点击测试区域】扩大到【整行区域】,后来没有找到方法,所以只能变通的实现这个效果,因此在我的代码里在其它事件里也进行了处理,不过还好我要的效果是实现了

    说明2:demo下载

  • 相关阅读:
    [Linux 流量管理] Cacti的插件安装和使用
    expdp impdp 数据库导入导出命令详解
    Dropping all user tables/sequences in Oracle
    Oracle RMAN 的 show,list,crosscheck,delete命令整理
    EXP00041错误,遇到字符集问题的解决方式
    ORA00312的解决方法
    如何禁止MSN传递文件
    如何解决Parallel query大于1的问题
    bzoj5028小Z的加油店(线段树+差分)
    [转]C# 互操作性入门系列(三):平台调用中的数据封送处理
  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/xm_cpppp/p/3622434.html
Copyright © 2011-2022 走看看