【导言】因为开发制作一个小工具“数据转移工具”,需要用C#操作Access数据库。所以上网搜索了一下,有三篇文章内容比较好,特收录如下。
另有一份大礼送给网友:《ADO 程序员参考》
另一个链接:CSDN下载-ADO程序员参考中文版
一、创建数据库的基本方法:
原作者迭失
microsoft ado ext.2.8
我想利用C#创建一个ACCESS数据库文件(A.mdb)。请问用什么办法可以实现。
A.mdb文件是原来没有的,程序需要创建一个然后往里面写数据!
1.
※新建工程
※进入解决方案->引用->添加引用
选择com标签 下的microsoft ado ext.2.8.....
->选择-> OK
※编码
//命令行工程代码如下
using System;
using ADOX;
namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
class Class1
{
[STAThread]
static void Main(string[] args)
{
ADOX.CatalogClass cat = new ADOX.CatalogClass();
cat.Create("Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;" +
"Data Source=D:\\AccessDB\\NewMDB.mdb;" +
"Jet OLEDB:Engine Type=5");
Console.WriteLine("Database Created Successfully");
cat = null;
}
}
}
//asp.net代码如下
private void Page_Load(object sender, System.EventArgs e)
{
ADOX.CatalogClass cat = new ADOX.CatalogClass();
cat.Create("Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;" +
"Data Source=C://database//NewMDB.mdb;" +
"Jet OLEDB:Engine Type=5");
cat = null;
Response.Write("OK");
2.用sqlserver 的代码如下
SqlConnection conn=new SqlConnection("Server=lemoncat007;Uid=sa;Pwd=gtt");
conn.Open();
SqlCommand cmd=new SqlCommand("create database test",conn);
cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
3 也可以创建一个Procedure 将创建数据库的语句写到里面然后执行
二、创建数据库,并且添表和添加字段
记得以前要动态的创建Access数据库的mdb文件都是采用DAO,用VC开发,一大堆的API,很是麻烦。现在好像也鲜有人提起DAO。其实动态的创建mdb数据的最简单的方法还是ADOX。
用ADOX创建access数据库方法很简单,只需要new一个Catalog对象,然后调用它的Create方法就可以了,如下:
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仅仅两行代码就搞定了。下来我主要介绍一下在c#中的实现细节。首先你要添加引用,在“Add reference”对话框里切换到Com页面,选择“Microsoft ADO Ext. 2.8 for DDL and Security”,然后点击OK。在文件的开头using ADOX名字空间。然后添加如上面所示的代码就可以成功的创建Access 数据库了,代码如下:
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创建了数据库文件是没有实际用处的,我们还要创建表。在创建表之前,我们必须连接目标数据库,用来连接数据的桥梁居然是ADO的Connection对象,所以我们不得不再次添加对ADO的应用,在添加引用对话框中切换到Com页面,选择“Microsoft ActiveX Data Objects 2.8 Library”,然后点击OK。下边是创建表的完整代码:
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上面的代码中,创建了一个名为FirstTable的表,在表里加入了4个字段,并设置了一个主键。表里的字段分别输入4中不同的常用类型,第一个字段是一个自动增长的整数类型,这个类型比较特殊,你必须为这个字段设置ParentCatalog属性,并将“AutoIncrement”的属性值设为true.。Access里的Text类型对应的就是adVarWchar,而日期类型对应的是adDate。
键的设置如table.Keys.Append("FirstTablePrimaryKey", KeyTypeEnum.adKeyPrimary, column, null, null)所示,如果是外键的话,你还必须要设置关联的表和关联的字段,也就是Append方法的后两个字段。
你也可以参照上边的代码创建索引和视图。
三、C#创建Access数据库的备注字段
原文:http://www.hackpig.cn/post/168.html
具体的用C#创建方式网上一堆,主要是创建备注字段的时候遇到的问题。
用ADOX创建的,在工程里添加引用dll就不说了,错误的步骤如下(就少了一步):
-------------------------------------------------------------------
//创建库
ADOX.CatalogClass catLog = new ADOX.CatalogClass();
catLog.Create("Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source ="+path+";");
//创建表
ADOX.TableClass tbl = new ADOX.TableClass();
tbl.ParentCatalog = catLog;
tbl.Name = "NewTable";
//增加字段
ADOX.ColumnClass c = new ADOX.ColumnClass();
c.ParentCatalog = catLog;
c.Name = list1[i];
c.Properties["Jet OLEDB:Allow Zero Length"].Value = true;
tbl.Columns.Append(c, ADOX.DataTypeEnum.adLongVarWChar, 16);
catLog.Tables.Append(tbl);
---------------------------------------------------------------------
Access的备注类型是Memo,不过在ADOX方式下,DataTypeEnum枚举里是没有这项的,adLongVarWChar就是备注,长度为16。这样创建,是不报错的,但是无论如何,建立出来的都是文本型的字段,最大长度限制是255,在内容很多的时候不够用,查了一堆,发现就是因为少了一句,正确的如下:
-------------------------------------
//创建库
ADOX.CatalogClass catLog = new ADOX.CatalogClass();
catLog.Create("Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source ="+path+";");
//创建表
ADOX.TableClass tbl = new ADOX.TableClass();
tbl.ParentCatalog = catLog;
tbl.Name = "NewTable";
//增加字段
ADOX.ColumnClass c = new ADOX.ColumnClass();
c.ParentCatalog = catLog;
c.Type = ADOX.DataTypeEnum.adLongVarWChar; //这句不能少,并且位置必须在其它属性前面,否则会报错。
c.Name = list1[i];
c.Properties["Jet OLEDB:Allow Zero Length"].Value = true;
tbl.Columns.Append(c, ADOX.DataTypeEnum.adLongVarWChar, 16);
catLog.Tables.Append(tbl);
-------------------------------------
这样,就建立出来备注类型的字段了。