C++/Php/Python 语言执行shell命令

编程中经常需要在程序中使用shell命令来简化程序，这里记录一下。

1. C++ 执行shell命令

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <stdio.h>

int exec_cmd(std::string cmd, std::string &res){
    if (cmd.size() == 0){   //cmd is empty 
        return -1;
    }

    char buffer[1024] = {0};
    std::string result = "";
    FILE *pin = popen(cmd.c_str(), "r");
    if (!pin) { //popen failed 
        return -1;
    }

    res.clear();
    while(!feof(pin)){
        if(fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), pin) != NULL){
            result += buffer;
        }
    }

    res = result;
    return pclose(pin); //-1:pclose failed; else shell ret
}

int main(){
    std::string cmd = "ls -ial";
    std::string res;

    std::cout << "ret = " << exec_cmd(cmd, res) << std::endl;
    std::cout << res << std::endl;

    return 0;
}

2. Php执行shell命令

<?php
    $cmd = "wc -l ./test.php";
    exec($cmd, $output, $code);

    echo $code."
";
    print_r($output);
?>

3. Python执行shell命令

import commands

status, output = commands.getstatusoutput('ls -lt')

print status
print output