Yes, with dired mode, you can:
C-x dRto rename the file (ordired-do-rename).C-x k RETto go back to the (renamed) buffer
The rename is equivalent to a shell mv, but will also update any open buffers.
C-x d 进入dired mode
选择需要重命名的文件，按R进行重命名
C-x k 删除重命名的缓存，完成重命名。
原文链接： http://stackoverflow.com/questions/384284/can-i-rename-an-open-file-in-emacs