Android中Broadcast的学习（举例说明）

其实所谓的静态注册，动态注册，是指接收广播的时候，是静态注册接收还是动态注册接收，发送的时候不分静态，动态

以发送intent为例，

一共分4种情况，以每次注册两个Broadcast为例：

情况一，注册2个静态Broadcast

如果是静态注册的，接收的一定是某一个类继承BroadcastReceiver

2个java文件如下：

BroadcastActivity.java

package com.broad.test1;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.util.Log;

//2个静态注册
public class BroadcastActivity extends Activity {
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
    private Button button01;
    private Button button02;
    private static final String TAG = "BroadcastActivity";
    private static final String INTENAL_ACTION_1 = "su1.bluetooth.true";
    private static final String INTENAL_ACTION_2 = "su1.bluetooth.false";

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        button01 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button01);
        button02 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button02);
        button01.setOnClickListener(mybtnListener);
        button02.setOnClickListener(mybtnListener);
    }

    private OnClickListener mybtnListener = new OnClickListener() {

        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            if (v.getId() == (R.id.button01)) {
                Intent intent = new Intent(INTENAL_ACTION_1);
                // 也可以用mContext.sendBroadcast(intent),mContext.sendBroadcast可以在构造函数里面初始化，
                // 有内部类的时候必须用？？？
                sendBroadcast(intent);
            } else if (v.getId() == (R.id.button02)) {
                Intent intent = new Intent(INTENAL_ACTION_2);
                sendBroadcast(intent);
            } else {
                Log.v(TAG, "not true not false");
            }
        }

    };

}

BroadcastRecTest.java

package com.broad.test1;

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;

import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.util.Log;
public class BroadcastRecTest extends BroadcastReceiver {
    private static final String TAG="BroadcastActivity";
    private static final String INTENAL_ACTION_1="su1.bluetooth.true";
    private static final String INTENAL_ACTION_2="su1.bluetooth.false";
    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        String action = intent.getAction();
        if(action.equals(INTENAL_ACTION_1)){
            Log.d(TAG,"surx>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>su1.bluetooth.true");
            }else if(action.equals(INTENAL_ACTION_2)){
                Log.d(TAG,"surx>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>su1.bluetooth.false");
            }else{
                Log.d(TAG,"surx>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>other type intent");
            }

        }
}

main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    >
<TextView  
    android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
    android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
    android:text="@string/hello"
    />
<Button
    android:id="@+id/button01"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="静态接收广播true"/>
<Button
    android:id="@+id/button02"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="静态接收广播false"/>
</LinearLayout>

AndroidManifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
      package="com.broad.test1"
      android:versionCode="1"
      android:versionName="1.0">
    <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
        <activity android:name=".BroadcastActivity"
                  android:label="@string/app_name">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    <receiver android:name="BroadcastRecTest">
        <intent-filter>
            <action android:name="su1.bluetooth.true" />
            <action android:name="su1.bluetooth.false" />
        </intent-filter>
    </receiver>

    </application>
    <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8" />    
</manifest>

运行结果：

注意，静态注册的broadcast运行有点慢：

 

情况2，一个静态，一个动态注册Broadcast

BroadcastActivity.java

package com.broad.test1;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.util.Log;
//1个动态，1个静态注册
public class BroadcastActivity extends Activity {
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
    private Button button01;
    private Button button02;
    private static final String TAG="BroadcastActivity";
    private static final String INTENAL_ACTION_1="su2.bluetooth.true";
    private static final String INTENAL_ACTION_2="su2.bluetooth.false";
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        button01=(Button)findViewById(R.id.button01);
        button02=(Button)findViewById(R.id.button02);
        button01.setOnClickListener(mybtnListener);
        button02.setOnClickListener(mybtnListener);
    }
    private OnClickListener mybtnListener=new OnClickListener(){

        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            if(v.getId()==(R.id.button01)){
                Intent intent= new Intent(INTENAL_ACTION_1);
                sendBroadcast(intent);
            }else if(v.getId()==(R.id.button02)){
                Intent intent= new Intent(INTENAL_ACTION_2);
                sendBroadcast(intent);
            }else{
                Log.v(TAG,"not true not false");
            }
        }
        
    };
    
    
        // 接收动态注册广播的BroadcastReceiver    
    private BroadcastReceiver bcrIntenal2 = new BroadcastReceiver() {
        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
          //如果有多个动态注册的广播，要用if(action.equals()){}else if(action.equals()){}来判断是哪个
            //String action = intent.getAction();
            //这里只有一个，不用判断了。
            Log.v(TAG,"surx>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>dong--su2.bluetooth.false");
        }
    };
    //在onStart中动态注册广播,当然也可以在onCreate里面注册
    @Override
    protected void onStart() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onStart();
        //动态注册
        IntentFilter intentFilter= new IntentFilter(INTENAL_ACTION_2);
        //也可以用这种方法动态注册多个，说明我可以”接收“这么多的动态广播。
       /* IntentFilter intentFilter= new IntentFilter();
        intentFilter.addAction("action1");
        intentFilter.addAction("action2");*/
        registerReceiver(bcrIntenal2,intentFilter);
    }

    //在onStop中取消注册广播,如果在onCreate里面注册，那么在onDestroy里面取消注册。
    @Override
    protected void onStop() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onStop();
        unregisterReceiver(bcrIntenal2);
    }    
    
}

BroadcastRecTest.java

package com.broad.test1;

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;

import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.util.Log;
public class BroadcastRecTest extends BroadcastReceiver {
    private static final String TAG="BroadcastActivity";
    private static final String INTENAL_ACTION_1="su2.bluetooth.true";
    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        String action = intent.getAction();
        if(action.equals(INTENAL_ACTION_1)){
            Log.d(TAG,"surx>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>su.bluetooth.true");
            }else{
                Log.d(TAG,"surx>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>other type intent--jingtai");
            }

        }
}

main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    >
<TextView  
    android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
    android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
    android:text="@string/hello"
    />
<Button
    android:id="@+id/button01"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="静态接收广播true"/>
<Button
    android:id="@+id/button02"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="动态接收广播false"/>
</LinearLayout>

AndroidManifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
      package="com.broad.test1"
      android:versionCode="1"
      android:versionName="1.0">
    <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
        <activity android:name=".BroadcastActivity"
                  android:label="@string/app_name">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    <receiver android:name="BroadcastRecTest">
        <intent-filter>
            <action android:name="su2.bluetooth.true" />
        </intent-filter>
    </receiver>

    </application>
    <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8" />    
</manifest>

true是静态注册的，在Android.xml中注册的，false是动态注册的，在java代码中注册的

运行结果：

 

情况三、两个都是动态注册的，在同一个Activity里面既发送，又接收，（当然也可以在不同的java中，一个发送，另一个java接收，哪怕是不同的包）

动态注册不需要一个类继承BroadcastReceiver这个类了，直接new一个对象即可

package com.broad.test1;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.util.Log;

//两个动态注册
public class BroadcastActivity extends Activity {
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
    private Button button01;
    private Button button02;
    private static final String TAG="BroadcastActivity";
    private static final String INTENAL_ACTION_1="su3.bluetooth.true";
    private static final String INTENAL_ACTION_2="su3.bluetooth.false";
   // private static final String BLUETOOTH_PERM = android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH;
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        button01=(Button)findViewById(R.id.button01);
        button02=(Button)findViewById(R.id.button02);
        button01.setOnClickListener(mybtnListener);
        button02.setOnClickListener(mybtnListener);
    }
    private OnClickListener mybtnListener=new OnClickListener(){

        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            if(v.getId()==(R.id.button01)){
                Intent intent= new Intent(INTENAL_ACTION_1);
                sendBroadcast(intent);
            }else if(v.getId()==(R.id.button02)){
                Intent intent= new Intent(INTENAL_ACTION_2);
                sendBroadcast(intent);
            }else{
                Log.v(TAG,"not true not false");
            }
        }
        
    };
    
        // 接收动态注册广播的BroadcastReceiver    
    private BroadcastReceiver bcrIntenal2 = new BroadcastReceiver() {
        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
          //如果有多个动态注册的广播，要用if(action.equals()){}else if(action.equals()){}来判断是哪个
            String action = intent.getAction();
            if(action.equals(INTENAL_ACTION_1)){
                Log.v(TAG,"surx>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>dong--su3.bluetooth.true");
            }else if(action.equals(INTENAL_ACTION_2)){
                Log.v(TAG,"surx>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>dong--su3.bluetooth.false");
            }
         
        }
    };
    //在onStart中动态注册广播,当然也可以在onCreate里面注册
    @Override
    protected void onStart() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onStart();
        //动态注册两个，
        IntentFilter intentFilter= new IntentFilter();
        intentFilter.addAction(INTENAL_ACTION_1);
        intentFilter.addAction(INTENAL_ACTION_2);
        registerReceiver(bcrIntenal2,intentFilter);
    }

    //在onStop中取消注册广播,如果在onCreate里面注册，那么在onDestroy里面取消注册。
    @Override
    protected void onStop() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onStop();
        unregisterReceiver(bcrIntenal2);
    }    
    
}

main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    >
<TextView  
    android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
    android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
    android:text="@string/hello"
    />
<Button
    android:id="@+id/button01"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="动态接收广播true"/>
<Button
    android:id="@+id/button02"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="动态接收广播false"/>
</LinearLayout>

AndroidManifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
      package="com.broad.test1"
      android:versionCode="1"
      android:versionName="1.0">
    <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
        <activity android:name=".BroadcastActivity"
                  android:label="@string/app_name">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>
    <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8" />    
</manifest>

运行结果：

 

情况4，sendBroadcast的时候加权限，以2个都动态注册为例

package com.broad.test1;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.util.Log;

//两个动态注册,sendBroadcast的时候加权限
public class BroadcastActivity extends Activity {
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
    private Button button01;
    private Button button02;
    private static final String TAG="BroadcastActivity";
    private static final String INTENAL_ACTION_1="su4.bluetooth.true";
    private static final String INTENAL_ACTION_2="su4.bluetooth.false";
     private static final String BLUETOOTH_PERM = android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH;
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        button01=(Button)findViewById(R.id.button01);
        button02=(Button)findViewById(R.id.button02);
        button01.setOnClickListener(mybtnListener);
        button02.setOnClickListener(mybtnListener);
    }
    private OnClickListener mybtnListener=new OnClickListener(){

        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            if(v.getId()==(R.id.button01)){
                Intent intent= new Intent(INTENAL_ACTION_1);
                sendBroadcast(intent,BLUETOOTH_PERM);
            }else if(v.getId()==(R.id.button02)){
                Intent intent= new Intent(INTENAL_ACTION_2);
                sendBroadcast(intent,BLUETOOTH_PERM);
            }else{
                Log.v(TAG,"not true not false");
            }
        }
        
    };
    
        // 接收动态注册广播的BroadcastReceiver    
    private BroadcastReceiver bcrIntenal2 = new BroadcastReceiver() {
        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
          //如果有多个动态注册的广播，要用if(action.equals()){}else if(action.equals()){}来判断是哪个
            String action = intent.getAction();
            if(action.equals(INTENAL_ACTION_1)){
                Log.v(TAG,"surx>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>dong--su4.bluetooth.true");
            }else if(action.equals(INTENAL_ACTION_2)){
                Log.v(TAG,"surx>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>dong--su4.bluetooth.false");
            }
         
        }
    };
    //在onStart中动态注册广播,当然也可以在onCreate里面注册
    @Override
    protected void onStart() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onStart();
        //动态注册两个，说明我可以”接收“2个这样Action的动态广播
        IntentFilter intentFilter= new IntentFilter();
        intentFilter.addAction(INTENAL_ACTION_1);
        intentFilter.addAction(INTENAL_ACTION_2);
        registerReceiver(bcrIntenal2,intentFilter);
    }

    //在onStop中取消注册广播,如果在onCreate里面注册，那么在onDestroy里面取消注册。
    @Override
    protected void onStop() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onStop();
        unregisterReceiver(bcrIntenal2);
    }    
    
}

发送的时候加了蓝牙权限，

若在使用sendBroadcast()的方法是指定了接收权限，则只有接收方的包内--在AndroidManifest.xml中用<uses- permission>标签声明了拥有此权限的BroascastReceiver才会有可能接收到发送来的Broadcast。

同样，若在注册BroadcastReceiver时指定了可接收的Broadcast的权限，则只有在接收方的包内的AndroidManifest.xml中用<uses-permission>标签声明了，拥有此权限的Context对象所发送的Broadcast才能被这个 BroadcastReceiver所接收。

main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    >
<TextView  
    android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
    android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
    android:text="@string/hello"
    />
<Button
    android:id="@+id/button01"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="动态接收广播true"/>
<Button
    android:id="@+id/button02"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="动态接收广播false"/>
</LinearLayout>

AndroidManifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
      package="com.broad.test1"
      android:versionCode="1"
      android:versionName="1.0">
    <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
        <activity android:name=".BroadcastActivity"
                  android:label="@string/app_name">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>
    <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH"/>    
</manifest>

注意上面加的蓝牙permission权限

运行结果：

 

总结：

以发送intent为例，发送广播都用sendBroadcast(intent);

静态注册接收的时候，只需要

（1）得到action，如：

String action = intent.getAction();

（2）判断action类型，做出相应的动作。

动态注册接收的时候，需要：

（1） IntentFilter intentFilter= new IntentFilter();

（2）intentFilter.addAction（。。）;可以添加多个

（3）注册接收，registerReceiver(BroadcastReceiver对象,intentFilter);别忘了在其他需要的地方取消注册接收！！！

（4）得到action，如：

 

String action = intent.getAction();
(5)判断action类型，做出相应的动作。