奇妙的 CSS几何图形

三角形：通常会使用透明的border模拟出一个三角形：▲

.traingle {
    width: 0;
    height: 0;
    border-left: 50px solid transparent;
    border-right: 50px solid transparent;
    border-bottom: 100px solid yellowgreen;
}

切角：采用多重线性渐变实现切角 

.notching {
    width: 40px;
    height: 40px;
    padding: 40px;
    background: linear-gradient(135deg, transparent 15px, yellowgreen 0) top left,
        linear-gradient(-135deg, transparent 15px, yellowgreen 0) top right,
        linear-gradient(-45deg, transparent 15px, yellowgreen 0) bottom right,
        linear-gradient(45deg, transparent 15px, yellowgreen 0) bottom left;
    background-size: 50% 50%;
    background-repeat: no-repeat;
}

梯形：利用伪元素加旋转透视实现梯形

 .trapezoid{
    position: relative;
    width: 60px;
    padding: 60px;
}

.trapezoid::before{
    content:"";
    position: absolute;
    top: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; left: 0;
    transform: perspective(20px) scaleY(1.3) rotateX(5deg);
    transform-origin: bottom;
    background: yellowgreen;
}

当然，还有另一种更简单的方法是利用border实现，借助上面的构造三角形的方法，在矩形两侧构造两个透明的三角形

.trapezoid {
    position: relative;
    width: 60px;
    border-top: 60px solid yellowgreen;
    border-left: 40px solid transparent;
    border-right: 40px solid transparent;
}

五边形：梯形加上三角形，很容易就组合成一个五边形，这里需要借助一个伪元素实现

.pentagon {
    position: relative;
    width: 60px;
    border-bottom: 60px solid yellowgreen;
    border-left: 40px solid transparent;
    border-right: 40px solid transparent; 
}

.pentagon::before {
    content:"";
    position: absolute;
    top: 60px;
    left: -40px;
    border-top: 60px solid yellowgreen;
    border-left: 70px solid transparent;
    border-right: 70px solid transparent;
}

六边形：看看上面的梯形，如果两个反方向且底边同样大小的梯形，叠加在一起，是不是就能得到一个六边形呢？

.pentagon {
    position: relative;
    width: 60px;
    border-bottom: 60px solid yellowgreen;
    border-left: 40px solid transparent;
    border-right: 40px solid transparent;
}
.pentagon::before {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    width: 60px;
    height: 0px;
    top: 60px;
    left: -40px;
    border-top: 60px solid yellowgreen;
    border-left: 40px solid transparent;
    border-right: 40px solid transparent;
}

八边形：六边形都解决了，八边形也不在话下，一个矩形加上两个梯形，可以合成一个八边形

.octagon {
    position: relative;
    width: 40px;
    height: 100px;
    background: yellowgreen;
}
.octagon::before {
    content: "";
    height: 60px;
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 40px;
    border-left: 30px solid yellowgreen;
    border-top: 20px solid transparent;
    border-bottom: 20px solid transparent;
}
.octagon::after {
    content: "";
    height: 60px;
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: -30px;
    border-right: 30px solid yellowgreen;
    border-top: 20px solid transparent;
    border-bottom: 20px solid transparent;
}

五角星：3 个三角形叠加旋转在一起实现 ★

.star {
   margin: 50px 0;
   position: relative;
   width: 0;
   border-right: 100px solid transparent;
   border-bottom: 70px  solid yellowgreen;
   border-left: 100px solid transparent;
   transform: rotate(35deg) scale(.6);
}
.star:before {
    content: ‘‘;
    position: absolute;
    border-bottom: 80px solid yellowgreen;
    border-left: 30px solid transparent;
    border-right: 30px solid transparent;
    top: -45px;
    left: -65px;
    transform: rotate(-35deg);
}
.star:after {
    content: ‘‘;
    position: absolute;
    top: 3px;
    left: -105px;
    border-right: 100px solid transparent;
    border-bottom: 70px solid yellowgreen;
    border-left: 100px solid transparent;
    transform: rotate(-70deg);
}

  

六角星：一个向上的三角形 ▲，叠加上一个向下的三角形 ▼，就可以得到一个六边形

.sixstar {
    position: relative;
    width: 0;
    border-left: 50px solid transparent;
    border-right: 50px solid transparent;
    border-bottom: 100px solid yellowgreen;
}
.sixstar:after {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    border-left: 50px solid transparent;
    border-right: 50px solid transparent;
    border-top: 100px solid yellowgreen;
    top: 30px;
    left: -50px;
}

八角星：其实使用两个矩形进行旋转拼接就可以了

.eightstar {
    position: relative;
    width: 100px;
    height: 100px;
    background-color: yellowgreen;
    transform: rotate(30deg);
}

.eightstar::before {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100px;
    height: 100px;
    transform: rotate(45deg);
    background-color: yellowgreen;
}

十二角星： 最后多角星再来一个十二级角星。在八角星的基础上，再增加一个矩形，就能得到十二角啦。也就是要过第一个伪元素。

.twelvestar {
    position: relative;
    width: 100px;
    height: 100px;
    margin-bottom: 100px!important;
    background-color: yellowgreen;
    transform: rotate(30deg);
}

.twelvestar::before {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100px;
    height: 100px;
    transform: rotate(30deg);
    background-color: yellowgreen;
}

.twelvestar::after {
    content: "";
    position: absolute;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100px;
    height: 100px;
    transform: rotate(60deg);
    background-color: yellowgreen;
}

椭圆：使用传统的方法画一个椭圆，过去 CSS3 画椭圆，基本上只能借助 border 实现

.ellipse { #这里使用 border 画一个蛋的形状
   width: 120px;
   height: 160px;
   background-color: yellowgreen;
   border-radius: 50% 50% 50% 50% / 60% 60% 40% 40%;
}