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OpenStack+CentOS7.6 云平台环境搭建 — 4.在控制节点及计算节点上部署计算服务Nova

简介

计算服务Nova
使用OpenStack Compute来托管和管理云计算系统。 OpenStack Compute是基础架构即服务（IaaS）系统的主要部分。主要模块用Python实现。
OpenStack Compute与OpenStack Identity交互以进行身份验证; 用于磁盘和服务器映像的OpenStack映像服务; 和OpenStack Dashboard用于用户和管理界面。
图像访问受项目和用户的限制; 配额是按项目限制的（例如，实例数）。 OpenStack Compute可以在标准硬件上水平扩展，并将图像下载到启动实例。

一、组件说明

OpenStack计算服务由下列组件所构成：
nova-api服务
接收和响应来自最终用户的计算API请求。此服务支持OpenStack计算服务API，Amazon EC2 API，以及特殊的管理API用于赋予用户做一些管理的操作。它会强制实施一些规则，发起多数的编排活动，例如运行一个实例。
NOVA-API-metadata服务
接受来自实例的元数据请求。当您在具有nova-network安装的多主机模式下运行时，通常会使用nova-api-metadata服务。有关详细信息，请参阅“OpenStack管理员指南”中的元数据服务。
NOVA-API-metadata服务
接受来自实例的元数据请求。当您在具有nova-network安装的多主机模式下运行时，通常会使用nova-api-metadata服务。有关详细信息，请参阅“OpenStack管理员指南”中的元数据服务。
nova-compute服务
一个持续工作的守护进程，通过Hypervior的API来创建和销毁虚拟机实例。例如：
XenServer/XCP 的 XenAPI
KVM 或 QEMU 的 libvirt
VMware 的 VMwareAPI
过程是蛮复杂的。最为基本的，守护进程同意了来自队列的动作请求，转换为一系列的系统命令如启动一个KVM实例，然后，到数据库中更新它的状态。
nova-placement-api服务
跟踪每个提供商的库存和使用情况。
NOVA-scheduler服务
拿到一个来自队列请求虚拟机实例，然后决定那台计算服务器主机来运行它。
NOVA-conductor模块
调解nova-compute服务与数据库之间的交互。它消除了nova-compute服务对云数据库的直接访问。 nova-conductor模块水平缩放。但是，请勿将其部署在运行nova-compute服务的节点上。有关更多信息，请参阅“配置参考指南”
nova-cert模块
服务器守护进程向Nova Cert服务提供X509证书。用来为``euca-bundle-image``生成证书。仅仅是在EC2 API的请求中使用
nova-consoleauth模块
为控制台代理提供的用户授权令牌。请参阅nova-novncproxy和nova-xvpvncproxy。必须运行此服务才能使控制台代理生效。您可以针对群集配置中的单个nova-consoleauth服务运行任一类型的代理。有关信息，请参阅关于nova-consoleauth。
nova-novncproxy模块
提供一个代理，用于访问正在运行的实例，通过VNC协议，支持基于浏览器的novnc客户端。
NOVA-spicehtml5proxy守护进程
提供一个代理，用于访问正在运行的实例，通过SPICE协议，支持基于浏览器的HTML5客户端。
nova-xvpvncproxy守护进程
提供一个代理，用于访问正在运行的实例，通过VNC协议，支持OpenStack的特定的Java的客户端。
队列用于在守护进程之间传递消息的中央集线器。通常用RabbitMQ实现，也可以用另一个AMQP消息队列实现，比如

ZeroMQ。
SQL数据库

存储构建时和运行时的状态，为云基础设施，包括有：

可用实例类型
使用中的实例

从理论上讲，OpenStack Compute可以支持SQLAlchemy支持的任何数据库。常见的数据库是用于测试和开发工作的SQLite3，MySQL，MariaDB和PostgreSQL。

二、安装和配置计算服务

这个部分描述如何在控制节点上安装和配置计算服务，即 nova

环境描述

主机名	内存	硬盘	网卡	系统
ct	8	300+300	VM1:192.168.100.100	Centos7.6
			NAT:20.0.0.10
c1	8	300+300	VM1:192.168.100.101	Centos7.6
			NAT:20.0.0.20
c2	8	300+300	VM1:192.168.100.102	Centos7.6
			NAT:20.0.0.30

三、OpenStack-placement模块部署（ct上安装）

3.1、创建数据库实例和数据库用户

1 [root@ct ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456
2 MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE placement;
3 MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON placement.* TO 'placement'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'PLACEMENT_DBPASS';
4 MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON placement.* TO 'placement'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'PLACEMENT_DBPASS';
5 MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
6 MariaDB [(none)]> exit；

3.2、创建Placement服务用户和API的endpoint

①创建placement用户

1 [root@ct ~]# openstack user create --domain default --password PLACEMENT_PASS placement

②给与placement用户对service项目拥有admin权限

1 [root@ct ~]# openstack role add --project service --user placement admin

③创建一个placement服务，服务类型为placement

1 [root@ct ~]# openstack service create --name placement --description "Placement API" placement

④注册API端口到placement的service中；注册的信息会写入到mysql中

1 [root@ct ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement public http://ct:8778
2 [root@ct ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement internal http://ct:8778
3 [root@ct ~]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement admin http://ct:8778

⑤安装placement服务

1 [root@controller ~]# yum -y install openstack-placement-api

⑥修改placement配置文件

 1 cp -p  /etc/placement/placement.conf{,.bak}
 2 grep -Ev '^$|#' /etc/placement/placement.conf.bak > /etc/placement/placement.conf
 3 openstack-config --set /etc/placement/placement.conf placement_database connection mysql+pymysql://placement:PLACEMENT_DBPASS@ct/placement
 4 openstack-config --set /etc/placement/placement.conf api auth_strategy keystone
 5 openstack-config --set /etc/placement/placement.conf keystone_authtoken auth_url  http://ct:5000/v3
 6 openstack-config --set /etc/placement/placement.conf keystone_authtoken memcached_servers ct:11211
 7 openstack-config --set /etc/placement/placement.conf keystone_authtoken auth_type password
 8 openstack-config --set /etc/placement/placement.conf keystone_authtoken project_domain_name Default
 9 openstack-config --set /etc/placement/placement.conf keystone_authtoken user_domain_name Default
10 openstack-config --set /etc/placement/placement.conf keystone_authtoken project_name service
11 openstack-config --set /etc/placement/placement.conf keystone_authtoken username placement
12 openstack-config --set /etc/placement/placement.conf keystone_authtoken password PLACEMENT_PASS

⑦导入数据库

1 [root@ct~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "placement-manage db sync" placement

⑧修改Apache配置文件

 1 00-placemenct-api.conf（安装完placement服务后会自动创建该文件-虚拟主机配置）
 2 [root@ct conf.d]# cd /etc/httpd/conf.d/
 3 [root@ct conf.d]# cat 00-placement-api.conf         #安装完placement会自动创建此文件
 4 Listen 8778
 5 
 6 <VirtualHost *:8778>
 7   WSGIProcessGroup placement-api
 8   WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}
 9   WSGIPassAuthorization On
10   WSGIDaemonProcess placement-api processes=3 threads=1 user=placement group=placement
11   WSGIScriptAlias / /usr/bin/placement-api
12   <IfVersion >= 2.4>
13     ErrorLogFormat "%M"
14   </IfVersion>
15   ErrorLog /var/log/placement/placement-api.log
16   #SSLEngine On
17   #SSLCertificateFile ...
18   #SSLCertificateKeyFile ...
19 </VirtualHost>
20 
21 Alias /placement-api /usr/bin/placement-api
22 <Location /placement-api>
23   SetHandler wsgi-script
24   Options +ExecCGI
25   WSGIProcessGroup placement-api
26   WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}
27   WSGIPassAuthorization On
28 </Location>
29 <Directory /usr/bin>            #此处是bug，必须添加下面的配置来启用对placement api的访问，否则在访问apache的
30 <IfVersion >= 2.4>                #api时会报403；添加在文件的最后即可
31     Require all granted
32 </IfVersion>
33 <IfVersion < 2.4>                #apache版本；允许apache访问/usr/bin目录；否则/usr/bin/placement-api将不允许被访问
34     Order allow,deny                
35     Allow from all            #允许apache访问
36 </IfVersion>
37 </Directory>
38 
39 重新启动apache
40 [root@ct placement]# systemctl restart httpd

⑨测试

 1 curl 测试访问
 2 [root@ct conf.d]# curl ct:8778
 3 {"versions": [{"status": "CURRENT", "min_version": "1.0", "max_version": "1.36", "id": "v1.0", "links": [{"href": "", "rel": "self"}]}]}
 4 
 5 查看端口占用（netstat、lsof）
 6 [root@ct conf.d]# netstat -anpt | grep 8778
 7 tcp        0      0 192.168.100.100:56856   192.168.100.100:8778    TIME_WAIT   -                   
 8 tcp6       0      0 :::8778                 :::*                    LISTEN      59378/httpd         
 9 tcp6       0      0 192.168.100.100:8778    192.168.100.101:52862   ESTABLISHED 60167/httpd         
10 tcp6       0      0 192.168.100.100:8778    192.168.100.102:42474   TIME_WAIT   -                   
11 tcp6       0      0 192.168.100.100:8778    192.168.100.102:42476   FIN_WAIT2   -                   
12 tcp6       0      0 192.168.100.100:8778    192.168.100.101:52860   TIME_WAIT   -        
13 
14 检查placement状态
15 [root@ct conf.d]# placement-status upgrade check
16 +----------------------------------+
17 | Upgrade Check Results            |
18 +----------------------------------+
19 | Check: Missing Root Provider IDs |
20 | Result: Success                  |
21 | Details: None                    |
22 +----------------------------------+
23 | Check: Incomplete Consumers      |
24 | Result: Success                  |
25 | Details: None                    |
26 +----------------------------------+

小结

Placement提供了placement-apiWSGI脚本，用于与Apache，nginx或其他支持WSGI的Web服务器一起运行服务(通过nginx或apache实现python入口代理)。根据用于部署OpenStack的打包解决方案，WSGI脚本可能位于/usr/bin 或中/usr/local/binPlacement服务是从 S 版本，从nova服务中拆分出来的组件，作用是收集各个node节点的可用资源，把node节点的资源统计写入到mysql,Placement服务会被nova scheduler服务进行调用 Placement服务的监听端口是8778

四、OpenStack-nova组件部署

4.1、控制节点ct上安装

①控制节点主要服务

nova-api（nova主服务）
nova-scheduler（nova调度服务）
nova-conductor（nova数据库服务，提供数据库访问）
nova-novncproxy（nova的vnc服务，提供实例的控制台）

②创建nova数据库，并执行授权操作

 1 [root@ct ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456
 2 MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE nova_api;
 3 MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE nova;
 4 MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE nova_cell0;
 5 MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_api.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'NOVA_DBPASS';
 6 MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_api.* TO 'nova'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'NOVA_DBPASS';
 7 MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'NOVA_DBPASS';
 8 MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO 'nova'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'NOVA_DBPASS';
 9 MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_cell0.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'NOVA_DBPASS';
10 MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_cell0.* TO 'nova'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'NOVA_DBPASS';
11 MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
12 MariaDB [(none)]> exit

③创建nova用户

 1 [root@ct conf.d]# openstack user create --domain default --password NOVA_PASS nova
 2 +---------------------+----------------------------------+
 3 | Field               | Value                            |
 4 +---------------------+----------------------------------+
 5 | domain_id           | default                          |
 6 | enabled             | True                             |
 7 | id                  | a1042031dead4021b069c0d8bf13afb5 |
 8 | name                | nova                             |
 9 | options             | {}                               |
10 | password_expires_at | None                             |
11 +---------------------+----------------------------------+

④把nova用户添加到service项目，拥有admin权限

 1 [root@ct conf.d]# openstack user list
 2 +----------------------------------+-----------+
 3 | ID                               | Name      |
 4 +----------------------------------+-----------+
 5 | d6e16b92bebd4fd7a7a3f55eee931efb | admin     |
 6 | 7d023fd9e22d455aafe2e12749a7a676 | glance    |
 7 | afeb6037114f4a8f8833a450a48f25da | placement |
 8 | a1042031dead4021b069c0d8bf13afb5 | nova      |
 9 +----------------------------------+-----------+
10 [root@ct conf.d]# openstack role add --project service --user nova admin

⑤创建nova服务

 1 [root@ct conf.d]# openstack service create --name nova --description "OpenStack Compute" compute 
 2 +-------------+----------------------------------+
 3 | Field       | Value                            |
 4 +-------------+----------------------------------+
 5 | description | OpenStack Compute                |
 6 | enabled     | True                             |
 7 | id          | e0082dacfd224602adcb12a80da973ae |
 8 | name        | nova                             |
 9 | type        | compute                          |
10 +-------------+----------------------------------+

⑥给Nova服务关联endpoint（端点）

 1 [root@ct conf.d]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute public http://ct:8774/v2.1
 2 +--------------+----------------------------------+
 3 | Field        | Value                            |
 4 +--------------+----------------------------------+
 5 | enabled      | True                             |
 6 | id           | 13cdbde451ee4a3b8e669daba818fc00 |
 7 | interface    | public                           |
 8 | region       | RegionOne                        |
 9 | region_id    | RegionOne                        |
10 | service_id   | e0082dacfd224602adcb12a80da973ae |
11 | service_name | nova                             |
12 | service_type | compute                          |
13 | url          | http://ct:8774/v2.1              |
14 +--------------+----------------------------------+
15 [root@ct conf.d]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute internal http://ct:8774/v2.1
16 +--------------+----------------------------------+
17 | Field        | Value                            |
18 +--------------+----------------------------------+
19 | enabled      | True                             |
20 | id           | 9282d33c703c40e39eeaa545eeae8a09 |
21 | interface    | internal                         |
22 | region       | RegionOne                        |
23 | region_id    | RegionOne                        |
24 | service_id   | e0082dacfd224602adcb12a80da973ae |
25 | service_name | nova                             |
26 | service_type | compute                          |
27 | url          | http://ct:8774/v2.1              |
28 +--------------+----------------------------------+
29 [root@ct conf.d]# openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute admin http://ct:8774/v2.1
30 +--------------+----------------------------------+
31 | Field        | Value                            |
32 +--------------+----------------------------------+
33 | enabled      | True                             |
34 | id           | 868b1526f86c4647bb42ca5c27de80ff |
35 | interface    | admin                            |
36 | region       | RegionOne                        |
37 | region_id    | RegionOne                        |
38 | service_id   | e0082dacfd224602adcb12a80da973ae |
39 | service_name | nova                             |
40 | service_type | compute                          |
41 | url          | http://ct:8774/v2.1              |
42 +--------------+----------------------------------+

⑦安装nova组件

1 [root@ct ~]# yum -y install openstack-nova-api openstack-nova-conductor openstack-nova-novncproxy openstack-nova-scheduler

⑧修改nova配置文件

 1 [root@ct ~]# cp -a /etc/nova/nova.conf{,.bak}
 2 [root@ct ~]# grep -Ev '^$|#' /etc/nova/nova.conf.bak > /etc/nova/nova.conf
 3 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT enabled_apis osapi_compute,metadata
 4 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT my_ip 20.0.0.10             ####修改为 ct的IP（内部IP）
 5 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT use_neutron true
 6 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT firewall_driver nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver
 7 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT transport_url rabbit://openstack:RABBIT_PASS@ct
 8 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf api_database connection mysql+pymysql://nova:NOVA_DBPASS@ct/nova_api
 9 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf database connection mysql+pymysql://nova:NOVA_DBPASS@ct/nova
10 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement_database connection mysql+pymysql://placement:PLACEMENT_DBPASS@ct/placement
11 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf api auth_strategy keystone
12 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken auth_url http://ct:5000/v3
13 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken memcached_servers ct:11211
14 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken auth_type password
15 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken project_domain_name Default
16 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken user_domain_name Default
17 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken project_name service
18 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken username nova
19 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken password NOVA_PASS
20 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf vnc enabled true
21 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf vnc server_listen ' $my_ip'
22 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf vnc server_proxyclient_address ' $my_ip'
23 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf glance api_servers http://ct:9292
24 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf oslo_concurrency lock_path /var/lib/nova/tmp
25 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement region_name RegionOne
26 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement project_domain_name Default
27 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement project_name service
28 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement auth_type password
29 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement user_domain_name Default
30 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement auth_url http://ct:5000/v3
31 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement username placement
32 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement password PLACEMENT_PASS

⑨初始化数据库

 1 初始化nova_api数据库
 2 [root@ct conf.d]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage api_db sync" nova
 3 
 4 注册cell0数据库；nova服务内部把资源划分到不同的cell中，把计算节点划分到不同的cell中；openstack内部基于cell把计算节点进行逻辑上的分组
 5 [root@ct ~]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 map_cell0" nova
 6 
 7 创建cell1单元格
 8 [root@ct conf.d]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 create_cell --name=cell1 --verbose" nova
 9 d8cfb3d9-7ccd-4ffb-a5d4-9cf7010d76c4
10 
11 初始化nova数据库
12 [root@ct conf.d]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage db sync" nova
13 
14 验证cell0和cell1是否注册成功
15 [root@ct conf.d]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 list_cells" nova 
16 +-------+--------------------------------------+----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+----------+
17 |  名称 |                 UUID                 |       Transport URL        |                数据库连接               | Disabled |
18 +-------+--------------------------------------+----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+----------+
19 | cell0 | 00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000 |           none:/           | mysql+pymysql://nova:****@ct/nova_cell0 |  False   |
20 | cell1 | d8cfb3d9-7ccd-4ffb-a5d4-9cf7010d76c4 | rabbit://openstack:****@ct |    mysql+pymysql://nova:****@ct/nova    |  False   |
21 +-------+--------------------------------------+----------------------------+-----------------------------------------+----------+

⑩启动Nova服务

1 [root@ct ~]# systemctl enable openstack-nova-api.service openstack-nova-scheduler.service openstack-nova-conductor.service openstack-nova-novncproxy.service
2 [root@ct ~]# systemctl start openstack-nova-api.service openstack-nova-scheduler.service openstack-nova-conductor.service openstack-nova-novncproxy.service

11.检查nova服务端口

1 [root@ct conf.d]# netstat -anpt | egrep '8774|8775'
2 tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:8775            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      61473/python2       
3 tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:8774            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      61473/python2       
4 [root@ct conf.d]# curl http://ct:8774
5 {"versions": [{"status": "SUPPORTED", "updated": "2011-01-21T11:33:21Z", "links": [{"href": "http://ct:8774/v2/", "rel": "self"}], "min_version": "", "version": "", "id": "v2.0"}, {"status": "CURRENT", "updated": "2013-07-23T11:33:21Z", "links": [{"href": "http://ct:8774/v2.1/", "rel": "self"}], "min_version": "2.1", "version": "2.79", "id": "v2.1"}]}

4.2、计算节点c1、c2上安装(c1上演示)

①计算节点服务

nova-compute（nova计算服务）

②安装nova-compute组件

1 [root@c1 ~]# yum -y install openstack-nova-compute

③修改配置文件

 1 cp -a /etc/nova/nova.conf{,.bak}
 2 grep -Ev '^$|#' /etc/nova/nova.conf.bak > /etc/nova/nova.conf
 3 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT enabled_apis osapi_compute,metadata
 4 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT transport_url rabbit://openstack:RABBIT_PASS@ct
 5 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT my_ip 20.0.0.20                 #修改为对应节点的内部IP
 6 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT use_neutron true
 7 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf DEFAULT firewall_driver nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver
 8 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf api auth_strategy keystone
 9 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken auth_url http://ct:5000/v3
10 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken memcached_servers ct:11211
11 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken auth_type password
12 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken project_domain_name Default
13 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken user_domain_name Default
14 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken project_name service
15 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken username nova
16 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf keystone_authtoken password NOVA_PASS
17 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf vnc enabled true
18 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf vnc server_listen 0.0.0.0
19 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf vnc server_proxyclient_address ' $my_ip'
20 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf vnc novncproxy_base_url http://20.0.0.10:6080/vnc_auto.html   #指向控制节点IP
21 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf glance api_servers http://ct:9292
22 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf oslo_concurrency lock_path /var/lib/nova/tmp
23 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement region_name RegionOne
24 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement project_domain_name Default
25 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement project_name service
26 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement auth_type password
27 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement user_domain_name Default
28 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement auth_url http://ct:5000/v3
29 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement username placement
30 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf placement password PLACEMENT_PASS
31 openstack-config --set /etc/nova/nova.conf libvirt virt_type qemu

④开启服务

1 [root@c1 ~]# systemctl enable libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service
2 [root@c1 ~]# systemctl start libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service

⑤控制节点ct上操作

 1 查看compute节点是否注册到controller上，通过消息队列；需要在controller节点执行
 2 [root@ct conf.d]# openstack compute service list --service nova-compute
 3 +----+--------------+------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+
 4 | ID | Binary       | Host | Zone | Status  | State | Updated At                 |
 5 +----+--------------+------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+
 6 |  8 | nova-compute | c1   | nova | enabled | up    | 2020-12-28T08:12:57.000000 |
 7 |  9 | nova-compute | c2   | nova | enabled | up    | 2020-12-28T08:13:00.000000 |
 8 +----+--------------+------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+
 9 
10 扫描当前openstack中有哪些计算节点可用，发现后会把计算节点创建到cell中，后面就可以在cell中创建虚拟机；相当于openstack内部对计算节点进行分组，把计算节点分配到不同的cell中 
11 [root@ct conf.d]# su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 discover_hosts --verbose" nova
12 Found 2 cell mappings.
13 Skipping cell0 since it does not contain hosts.
14 Getting computes from cell 'cell1': d8cfb3d9-7ccd-4ffb-a5d4-9cf7010d76c4
15 Checking host mapping for compute host 'c1': 86258d6e-aefe-45f6-9f37-140f67b58bab
16 Creating host mapping for compute host 'c1': 86258d6e-aefe-45f6-9f37-140f67b58bab
17 Checking host mapping for compute host 'c2': 664e3f94-4afb-4c7d-af8e-ee6af6085df0
18 Creating host mapping for compute host 'c2': 664e3f94-4afb-4c7d-af8e-ee6af6085df0
19 Found 2 unmapped computes in cell: d8cfb3d9-7ccd-4ffb-a5d4-9cf7010d76c4
20 
21 默认每次添加个计算节点，在控制端就需要执行一次扫描，这样会很麻烦，所以可以修改控制端nova的主配置文件
22 [root@ct ~]# vim /etc/nova/nova.conf
23 [scheduler]
24 discover_hosts_in_cells_interval = 300            #每300秒扫描一次
25 [root@ct ~]# systemctl restart openstack-nova-api.service

⑥验证计算节点服务（ct上验证）

 1 检查 nova 的各个服务是否都是正常，以及 compute 服务是否注册成功
 2 [root@ct conf.d]# openstack compute service list
 3 +----+----------------+------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+
 4 | ID | Binary         | Host | Zone     | Status  | State | Updated At                 |
 5 +----+----------------+------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+
 6 |  3 | nova-conductor | ct   | internal | enabled | up    | 2020-12-28T08:16:26.000000 |
 7 |  4 | nova-scheduler | ct   | internal | enabled | up    | 2020-12-28T08:16:29.000000 |
 8 |  8 | nova-compute   | c1   | nova     | enabled | up    | 2020-12-28T08:16:27.000000 |
 9 |  9 | nova-compute   | c2   | nova     | enabled | up    | 2020-12-28T08:16:30.000000 |
10 +----+----------------+------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+
11 
12 查看各个组件的 api 是否正常
13 [root@ct conf.d]# openstack catalog list
14 +-----------+-----------+---------------------------------+
15 | Name      | Type      | Endpoints                       |
16 +-----------+-----------+---------------------------------+
17 | glance    | image     | RegionOne                       |
18 |           |           |   admin: http://ct:9292         |
19 |           |           | RegionOne                       |
20 |           |           |   public: http://ct:9292        |
21 |           |           | RegionOne                       |
22 |           |           |   internal: http://ct:9292      |
23 |           |           |                                 |
24 | nova      | compute   | RegionOne                       |
25 |           |           |   public: http://ct:8774/v2.1   |
26 |           |           | RegionOne                       |
27 |           |           |   admin: http://ct:8774/v2.1    |
28 |           |           | RegionOne                       |
29 |           |           |   internal: http://ct:8774/v2.1 |
30 |           |           |                                 |
31 | keystone  | identity  | RegionOne                       |
32 |           |           |   admin: http://ct:5000/v3/     |
33 |           |           | RegionOne                       |
34 |           |           |   internal: http://ct:5000/v3/  |
35 |           |           | RegionOne                       |
36 |           |           |   public: http://ct:5000/v3/    |
37 |           |           |                                 |
38 | placement | placement | RegionOne                       |
39 |           |           |   public: http://ct:8778        |
40 |           |           | RegionOne                       |
41 |           |           |   admin: http://ct:8778         |
42 |           |           | RegionOne                       |
43 |           |           |   internal: http://ct:8778      |
44 |           |           |                                 |
45 +-----------+-----------+---------------------------------+
46 
47 查看是否能够拿到镜像
48 [root@ct conf.d]# openstack image list
49 +--------------------------------------+--------+--------+
50 | ID                                   | Name   | Status |
51 +--------------------------------------+--------+--------+
52 | fd197925-4879-4330-aa57-b89f108973e0 | cirros | active |
53 +--------------------------------------+--------+--------+
54 
55 查看cell的api和placement的api是否正常，只要其中一个有误，后期无法创建虚拟机
56 [root@ct conf.d]# nova-status upgrade check
57 +--------------------------------+
58 | Upgrade Check Results          |
59 +--------------------------------+
60 | Check: Cells v2                |
61 | Result: Success                |
62 | Details: None                  |
63 +--------------------------------+
64 | Check: Placement API           |
65 | Result: Success                |
66 | Details: None                  |
67 +--------------------------------+
68 | Check: Ironic Flavor Migration |
69 | Result: Success                |
70 | Details: None                  |
71 +--------------------------------+
72 | Check: Cinder API              |
73 | Result: Success                |
74 | Details: None                  |
75 +--------------------------------+

总结

Nova分为控制节点、计算节点

Nova组件核心功能是调度资源，在配置文件中需要体现的部分：指向认证节点位置(URL、ENDPOINT)、调用服务、注册、提供支持等，配置文件中的所有配置参数基本都是围绕此范围进行设置

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原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/xuhao0705/p/14202536.html