第一次听说监听是三年前,做一个webGIS的项目,当时对Listener的印象就是个“监视器”,监视着界面的一举一动,一有动静就触发对应的响应。
一、概述
通过对界面的某一或某些操作添加监听,可以自发地调用监听函数/监听类,对操作作出反应。举个栗子:被监听的操作是“你惹你妈生气了”,添加的响应是“你妈给你爸打电话,你爸回家了,你爸打你一顿 ”。所以不管什么时候,只要“你惹你妈生气了”,都会触发这个操作的监听,最终结果是每次你都会被你爸打一顿。屡试不爽,无一例外。这就是事件监听,java.util.EventListener。
Listener分很多种:ActionListener,MouseListener,PopMenuListener,windowListener等等。
二、监听事件实现方式
1. 直接在控件中添加监听
如:给“保存按钮”添加ActionListener监听
1 saveCharaEditButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { 2 3 @Override 4 public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { 5 // TODO Auto-generated method stub 6 save(); 7 } 8 });
2.写一个监听类,实现监听接口。
添加事件监听时只需要 添加这个监听类就ok了。【PS:这个内部类与函数并列写就可以,不用另建类文件,只是前面注意不要加public修饰符。默认只能有一个public类。】
1 public JPanel setRightPanel(){ 2 JPanel rightPanel = new JPanel(); 3 double[][] size = {{15,TableLayout.FILL,30,TableLayout.FILL,35},{10,30,10,TableLayout.FILL}}; 4 rightPanel.setLayout(new TableLayout(size)); 5 JButton saveCharaEditButton = new JButton("保存编辑"); 6 JButton enableCharaEditButton = new JButton("启用编辑"); 7 rightPanel.add(enableCharaEditButton, "1,1"); 8 rightPanel.add(saveCharaEditButton, "3,1"); 9 rightPanel.add(setCharaJCTablePanel(), "0,3,4,3"); 10 saveCharaEditButton.addActionListener(new saveEditToFloodCharacterValueListener());//添加监听 11 return rightPanel; 12 }
1 class saveEditToFloodCharacterValueListener implements ActionListener{ 2 3 @Override 4 public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { 5 // TODO Auto-generated method stub 6 FloodCharacterValue floodCharacterValue = new FloodCharacterValue(); 7 floodCharacterValue = FloodCharacterValue.transFldPropToFloodCharacterValue(editCharaFldprop); 8 m_doc.m_floodExtractCharacterValue = floodCharacterValue; 9 } 10 }
3. 添加适配器,也可以实现监听。(其实方法同1)
首先说一下适配器和监听接口的不同:new一个监听接口,需要重载该接口下面的所有方法,你删除任何一个,都会报错;但是适配器可以只重载你需要的那个方法。
以windowListener为例,给对话框dialog添加监听addWindowListerner,然后监听内容为窗口适配器WindowAdapter。对比如下:
(1)监听接口【默认重载所有方法,功能需求单一时不推荐】
dialog.addWindowListener(new WindowListener() { @Override public void windowOpened(WindowEvent e) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub } @Override public void windowIconified(WindowEvent e) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub } @Override public void windowDeiconified(WindowEvent e) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub } @Override public void windowDeactivated(WindowEvent e) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub } @Override public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub } @Override public void windowClosed(WindowEvent e) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub } @Override public void windowActivated(WindowEvent e) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub } });
(2)添加适配器【可以只重载需要的方法,功能单一时推荐】
1 dialog.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() { 2 @Override 3 public void windowClosed(WindowEvent e) { 4 // TODO Auto-generated method stub 5 JDialog dialog2 = (JDialog) e.getSource(); 6 set_infoSectionList(update_infoSectionListByProp(prop)); 7 if (basinCheckList != null && !basinCheckList.isEmpty() && basinCheckList.get(0).getCHECKED()==1) { 8 tableCharaShowPanel.updateData(schemeType, get_infoSectionList(), false); 9 }else { 10 tableCharaShowPanel.updateData(schemeType, get_infoSectionList(), true); 11 } 12 super.windowClosed(e); 13 dialog2.dispose(); 14 } 15 });
另外,关于添加哪些适配器,可以选择WindowAdapter,右键菜单中选择-resources-override/implement methods... - 勾选需要添加的方法即可。
4. 添加全局控件的监听
背景:leftSecTypeList,rightSecTypeList,leftButton,rightButton 是this的全局控件变量。现在给他们添加鼠标点击监听.
这种操作一般分为两步:
(1)在初始化该控件的时候,添加参数为this的鼠标监听。
leftSecTypeList.addMouseListener(this);
(2)重写mouseClicked(MouseEvent e)函数,根据e.getSource() 判断是触发鼠标点击的是哪个控件,给出相应的反应。
1 public JPanel createSelPanel(){ 2 JPanel panel = new JPanel();
*** 22 leftSecTypeList.addMouseListener(this); 23 rightSecTypeList.addMouseListener(this); 24 leftButton.addMouseListener(this); 25 rightButton.addMouseListener(this); 26 return panel; 27 }
1 @Override 2 public void mouseClicked(MouseEvent e) { 3 // TODO Auto-generated method stub 4 Object sourceObject = e.getSource(); 5 if (sourceObject == leftSecTypeList&& e.getClickCount() == 2) { 6 HFSection section = leftSecTypeList.getSelectedItemType(); 9 }else if (sourceObject == rightSecTypeList&& e.getClickCount() == 2) { 10 HFSection section = rightSecTypeList.getSelectedItemType(); 11 }else if (sourceObject == leftButton) { 12 13 }else if (sourceObject == rightButton) { 14 15 } 16 }
5.利用类AbstractButton的set/get动作命令。
Abstract直接已知子类:JButton, JMenuItem, JToggleButton
void setActionCommand(String actionCommand)
设置此按钮的动作命令。
string getActionCommand()
返回此按钮的动作命令。
//创建菜单Item的函数
private JMenuItem createMenuItem(String text,String actionCommand) { JMenuItem item = new JMenuItem(text); item.setActionCommand(actionCommand);//设置此按钮的动作命令 item.addActionListener(new MenuActionListener()); return item; }
//创建菜单 private void initPopupMenu() { layerPopupMenu = new JPopupMenu(); layerPopupMenu.add(createMenuItem("添加目录","addDir")); layerPopupMenu.add(createMenuItem("添加图层","addLayer")); layerPopupMenu.addSeparator(); layerPopupMenu.add(createMenuItem("上移","up")); layerPopupMenu.add(createMenuItem("下移","down")); }
// 右键菜单操作命令 class MenuActionListener implements ActionListener { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { String actionCommand = e.getActionCommand(); if(actionCommand.equals("addDir")){ addDir();} else if(actionCommand.equals("addLayer")){ addLayer();} else if(actionCommand.equals("up")){ layerUp();} else if(actionCommand.equals("down")){ layerDown();} }
6. 以接口实现对按钮的监听响应
1.在工具条面板中:(1)定义响应接口 (2)以接口定义响应变量 (3)定义按钮,监听响应为变量
2.在调用文件中: 以implents方式实现 工具条面板中对应的接口变量
//1-1 ControlBarPanel.java 定义接口 public interface IBackwardActionPerformed { public void ActionPerformed(ActionEvent e); } //1-2 ControlBarPanel.java 以接口定义响应变量 public IBackwardActionPerformed backwardActionPerformed; //1-3 ControlBarPanel.java 定义按钮,监听响应为变量 backwardButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub backwardActionPerformed.ActionPerformed(e); } }); //2-1 MainForcastPanel.java 实现响应变量具体操作 controlBarPanel.backwardActionPerformed = new BackwardBtnActionListener(); //2-2 MainForcastPanel.java 实现响应变量具体操作 class BackwardBtnActionListener implements IBackwardActionPerformed,Runnable { @Override public void ActionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub Thread thread = new Thread(this); new HFProgressPane1(thread, "正在计算中......", null, null); } @Override public void run() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub ************ } }
3. 方法6的详细代码
1 public class ControlBarPanel extends JPanel implements ActionListener{ 2 private JButton jButton; 3 public IActionPerformed iActionPerformed; 4 5 public JPanel createPanel(){ 6 JPanel panel = new JPanel(); 7 panel.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT, 2, 0)); 8 jButton = new JButton("testButton"); 9 jButton.setMargin(new Insets(0, 0, 0, 0)); 10 jButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { 11 @Override 12 public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { 13 // TODO Auto-generated method stub 14 iActionPerformed.ActionPerformed(e); 15 } 16 }); 17 panel.add(createForeTypePanel()); 18 panel.add(jButton); 19 return panel; 20 } 21 22 public interface IActionPerformed { 23 public void ActionPerformed(ActionEvent e); 24 } 25 } 26 27 public class ShowPanel extends JPanel { 28 private ControlBarPanel controlBarPanel; 29 //构造函数 30 public ShowPanel() { 31 controlBarPanel = new ControlBarPanel(); 32 controlBarPanel.iActionPerformed = new ActionListener(); 33 this.setLayout(new BorderLayout()); 34 this.add(controlBarPanel,BorderLayout.NORTH); 35 } 36 37 class ActionListener implements IActionPerformed{ 38 @Override 39 public void ActionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { 40 // TODO Auto-generated method stub 41 function(e); 42 } 43 } 44 }
7. 添加监听列表,然后通知所有监听。
分为三步
(1)定义变量:监听列表
(2)定义函数:注册监听,删除监听
(3)定义函数:通知所有监听
代码如下:
1 /** 2 * 拖动完成后监听保存队列 3 */ 4 private List dragOverListenerList =new ArrayList(); 5 6 /** 7 * 注册监听事件 8 */ 9 public void addDragOverListener(DragOverListener listener){ 10 synchronized (objSync) { 11 dragOverListenerList.add(listener); 12 } 13 } 14 15 /** 16 * 删除监听 17 * @param eventObject 18 */ 19 public void removeDragOverListener(DragOverListener listener){ 20 synchronized (objSync) { 21 dragOverListenerList.remove(listener); 22 } 23 } 24 25 /** 26 * 通知所有监听事件 27 */ 28 private void notifyAllListener(){ 29 for(int i=0;i<dragOverListenerList.size();i++) 30 { 31 ((DragOverListener)dragOverListenerList.get(i)).actionPerform(new DragOverEvent(this)); 32 } 33 } 34
在需要调用监听的地方,添加通知监听事件的函数即可。
四、小结
以上是一些Java事件监听与使用方法的一些介绍,属于入门级别。高级应用后期再予以学习与记录。
写于2017年1月6日