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  • day 65 Django基础之django分页

     

    Django基础之django分页

     

    一、Django的内置分页器(paginator)

      view

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    from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse
    
    # Create your views here.
    from app01.models import *
    from django.core.paginator import Paginator, EmptyPage, PageNotAnInteger
    
    def index(request):
    
        '''
        批量导入数据:
    
        Booklist=[]
        for i in range(100):
            Booklist.append(Book(title="book"+str(i),price=30+i*i))
        Book.objects.bulk_create(Booklist)
        '''
    
        '''
    分页器的使用:
    
        book_list=Book.objects.all()
    
        paginator = Paginator(book_list, 10)
    
        print("count:",paginator.count)           #数据总数
        print("num_pages",paginator.num_pages)    #总页数
        print("page_range",paginator.page_range)  #页码的列表
    
    
    
        page1=paginator.page(1) #第1页的page对象
        for i in page1:         #遍历第1页的所有数据对象
            print(i)
    
        print(page1.object_list) #第1页的所有数据
    
    
        page2=paginator.page(2)
    
        print(page2.has_next())            #是否有下一页
        print(page2.next_page_number())    #下一页的页码
        print(page2.has_previous())        #是否有上一页
        print(page2.previous_page_number()) #上一页的页码
    
    
    
        # 抛错
        #page=paginator.page(12)   # error:EmptyPage
    
        #page=paginator.page("z")   # error:PageNotAnInteger
    
        '''
    
    
        book_list=Book.objects.all()
    
        paginator = Paginator(book_list, 10)
        page = request.GET.get('page',1)
        currentPage=int(page)
    
    
        try:
            print(page)
            book_list = paginator.page(page)
        except PageNotAnInteger:
            book_list = paginator.page(1)
        except EmptyPage:
            book_list = paginator.page(paginator.num_pages)
    
    
        return render(request,"index.html",{"book_list":book_list,"paginator":paginator,"currentPage":currentPage})
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      index.html:

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    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html lang="en">
    <head>
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title>Title</title>
        <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" 
    integrity="sha384-BVYiiSIFeK1dGmJRAkycuHAHRg32OmUcww7on3RYdg4Va+PmSTsz/K68vbdEjh4u" crossorigin="anonymous"> </head> <body> <div class="container"> <h4>分页器</h4> <ul> {% for book in book_list %} <li>{{ book.title }} -----{{ book.price }}</li> {% endfor %} </ul> <ul class="pagination" id="pager"> {% if book_list.has_previous %} <li class="previous"><a href="/index/?page={{ book_list.previous_page_number }}">上一页</a></li> {% else %} <li class="previous disabled"><a href="#">上一页</a></li> {% endif %} {% for num in paginator.page_range %} {% if num == currentPage %} <li class="item active"><a href="/index/?page={{ num }}">{{ num }}</a></li> {% else %} <li class="item"><a href="/index/?page={{ num }}">{{ num }}</a></li> {% endif %} {% endfor %} {% if book_list.has_next %} <li class="next"><a href="/index/?page={{ book_list.next_page_number }}">下一页</a></li> {% else %} <li class="next disabled"><a href="#">下一页</a></li> {% endif %} </ul> </div> </body> </html>
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      扩展

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    def index(request):
    
    
        book_list=Book.objects.all()
    
        paginator = Paginator(book_list, 15)
        page = request.GET.get('page',1)
        currentPage=int(page)
    
        #  如果页数十分多时,换另外一种显示方式
        if paginator.num_pages>11:
    
            if currentPage-5<1:
                pageRange=range(1,11)
            elif currentPage+5>paginator.num_pages:
                pageRange=range(currentPage-5,paginator.num_pages+1)
    
            else:
                pageRange=range(currentPage-5,currentPage+5)
    
        else:
            pageRange=paginator.page_range
    
    
        try:
            print(page)
            book_list = paginator.page(page)
        except PageNotAnInteger:
            book_list = paginator.page(1)
        except EmptyPage:
            book_list = paginator.page(paginator.num_pages)
    
    
        return render(request,"index.html",locals())
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    二、自定义分页

      当数据库中数据有很多,我们通常会在前端页面做分页展示。

      分页的数据可以在前端页面实现,也可以在后端实现分页。

      后端实现分页的原理就是每次只请求一页数据。

      准备工作

      我们使用脚本批量创建一些测试数据(将下面的代码保存到bulk_create.py文件中放到Django项目的根目录,直接执行即可。):

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    import os
    
    if __name__ == "__main__":
        os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "about_orm.settings")
    
        import django
        django.setup()
    
        from app01 import models
        bulk_obj = (models.Publisher(name='第{}出版社'.format(i)) for i in range(300))
        models.Publisher.objects.bulk_create(bulk_obj) #批量添加,注意写法
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      看下面几个版本的分页:

    def publisher_list(request):
        # 从URL中取当前访问的页码数
        try:
            current_page = int(request.GET.get('page'))
        except Exception as e:
            # 取不到或者页码数不是数字都默认展示第1页
            current_page = 1
        # 总数据量
        total_count = models.Publisher.objects.count()
        # 定义每页显示多少条数据
        per_page = 10
        # 计算出总页码数
        total_page, more = divmod(total_count, per_page)
        if more:
            total_page += 1
        # 定义页面上最多显示多少页码(为了左右对称,一般设为奇数)
        max_show = 11
        half_show = max_show // 2
        # 计算一下页面显示的页码范围
        if total_page <= max_show:  # 总页码数小于最大显示页码数
            page_start = 1
            page_end = total_page
        elif current_page + half_show >= total_page:  # 右边越界
            page_end = total_page
            page_start = total_page - max_show
        elif current_page - half_show <= 1:  # 左边越界
            page_start = 1
            page_end = max_show
        else:  # 正常页码区间
            page_start = current_page - half_show
            page_end = current_page + half_show
        # 数据索引起始位置
        data_start = (current_page-1) * per_page
        data_end = current_page * per_page
    
        publisher_list = models.Publisher.objects.all()[data_start:data_end]
    
        # 生成页面上显示的页码
        page_html_list = []
        page_html_list.append('<nav aria-label="Page navigation"><ul class="pagination">')
        # 加首页
        first_li = '<li><a href="/publisher_list/?page=1">首页</a></li>'
        page_html_list.append(first_li)
        # 加上一页
        if current_page == 1:
            prev_li = '<li><a href="#"><span aria-hidden="true">&laquo;</span></a></li>'
        else:
            prev_li = '<li><a href="/publisher_list/?page={}"><span aria-hidden="true">&laquo;</span></a></li>'.format(current_page - 1)
        page_html_list.append(prev_li)
        for i in range(page_start, page_end + 1):
            if i == current_page:
                li_tag = '<li class="active"><a href="/publisher_list/?page={0}">{0}</a></li>'.format(i)
            else:
                li_tag = '<li><a href="/publisher_list/?page={0}">{0}</a></li>'.format(i)
            page_html_list.append(li_tag)
        # 加下一页
        if current_page == total_page:
            next_li = '<li><a href="#"><span aria-hidden="true">&raquo;</span></a></li>'
        else:
            next_li = '<li><a href="/publisher_list/?page={}"><span aria-hidden="true">&raquo;</span></a></li>'.format(current_page + 1)
        page_html_list.append(next_li)
        # 加尾页
        page_end_li = '<li><a href="/publisher_list/?page={}">尾页</a></li>'.format(total_page)
        page_html_list.append(page_end_li)
        page_html_list.append('</ul></nav>')
        page_html = "".join(page_html_list)
        return render(request, "publisher_list.html", {"publisher_list": publisher_list, "page_html": page_html})
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    def publisher_list(request):
        # 从URL中取当前访问的页码数
        try:
            current_page = int(request.GET.get('page'))
        except Exception as e:
            # 取不到或者页码数不是数字都默认展示第1页
            current_page = 1
        # 总数据量
        total_count = models.Publisher.objects.count()
        # 定义每页显示多少条数据
        per_page = 10
        # 计算出总页码数
        total_page, more = divmod(total_count, per_page)
        if more:
            total_page += 1
        # 定义页面上最多显示多少页码(为了左右对称,一般设为奇数)
        max_show = 11
        half_show = max_show // 2
        # 计算一下页面显示的页码范围
        if total_page <= max_show:  # 总页码数小于最大显示页码数
            page_start = 1
            page_end = total_page
        elif current_page + half_show >= total_page:  # 右边越界
            page_end = total_page
            page_start = total_page - max_show
        elif current_page - half_show <= 1:  # 左边越界
            page_start = 1
            page_end = max_show
        else:  # 正常页码区间
            page_start = current_page - half_show
            page_end = current_page + half_show
        # 数据索引起始位置
        data_start = (current_page-1) * per_page
        data_end = current_page * per_page
    
        publisher_list = models.Publisher.objects.all()[data_start:data_end]
    
        # 生成页面上显示的页码
        page_html_list = []
        page_html_list.append('<nav aria-label="Page navigation"><ul class="pagination">')
        # 加首页
        first_li = '<li><a href="/publisher_list/?page=1">首页</a></li>'
        page_html_list.append(first_li)
        # 加上一页
        if current_page == 1:
            prev_li = '<li><a href="#"><span aria-hidden="true">&laquo;</span></a></li>'
        else:
            prev_li = '<li><a href="/publisher_list/?page={}"><span aria-hidden="true">&laquo;</span></a></li>'.format(current_page - 1)
        page_html_list.append(prev_li)
        for i in range(page_start, page_end + 1):
            if i == current_page:
                li_tag = '<li class="active"><a href="/publisher_list/?page={0}">{0}</a></li>'.format(i)
            else:
                li_tag = '<li><a href="/publisher_list/?page={0}">{0}</a></li>'.format(i)
            page_html_list.append(li_tag)
        # 加下一页
        if current_page == total_page:
            next_li = '<li><a href="#"><span aria-hidden="true">&raquo;</span></a></li>'
        else:
            next_li = '<li><a href="/publisher_list/?page={}"><span aria-hidden="true">&raquo;</span></a></li>'.format(current_page + 1)
        page_html_list.append(next_li)
        # 加尾页
        page_end_li = '<li><a href="/publisher_list/?page={}">尾页</a></li>'.format(total_page)
        page_html_list.append(page_end_li)
        page_html_list.append('</ul></nav>')
        page_html = "".join(page_html_list)
        return render(request, "publisher_list.html", {"publisher_list": publisher_list, "page_html": page_html})
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    class Pagination(object):
        """自定义分页(Bootstrap版)"""
        def __init__(self, current_page, total_count, base_url, per_page=10, max_show=11):
            """
            :param current_page: 当前请求的页码
            :param total_count: 总数据量
            :param base_url: 请求的URL
            :param per_page: 每页显示的数据量,默认值为10
            :param max_show: 页面上最多显示多少个页码,默认值为11
            """
            try:
                self.current_page = int(current_page)
            except Exception as e:
                # 取不到或者页码数不是数字都默认展示第1页
                self.current_page = 1
            # 定义每页显示多少条数据
            self.per_page = per_page
            # 计算出总页码数
            total_page, more = divmod(total_count, per_page)
            if more:
                total_page += 1
            self.total_page = total_page
            # 定义页面上最多显示多少页码(为了左右对称,一般设为奇数)
            self.max_show = max_show
            self.half_show = max_show // 2
            self.base_url = base_url
    
        @property
        def start(self):
            return (self.current_page-1) * self.per_page
    
        @property
        def end(self):
            return self.current_page * self.per_page
    
        def page_html(self):
            # 计算一下页面显示的页码范围
            if self.total_page <= self.max_show:  # 总页码数小于最大显示页码数
                page_start = 1
                page_end = self.total_page
            elif self.current_page + self.half_show >= self.total_page:  # 右边越界
                page_end = self.total_page
                page_start = self.total_page - self.max_show
            elif self.current_page - self.half_show <= 1:  # 左边越界
                page_start = 1
                page_end = self.max_show
            else:  # 正常页码区间
                page_start = self.current_page - self.half_show
                page_end = self.current_page + self.half_show
            # 生成页面上显示的页码
            page_html_list = []
            page_html_list.append('<nav aria-label="Page navigation"><ul class="pagination">')
            # 加首页
            first_li = '<li><a href="{}?page=1">首页</a></li>'.format(self.base_url)
            page_html_list.append(first_li)
            # 加上一页
            if self.current_page == 1:
                prev_li = '<li><a href="#"><span aria-hidden="true">&laquo;</span></a></li>'
            else:
                prev_li = '<li><a href="{}?page={}"><span aria-hidden="true">&laquo;</span></a></li>'.format(
                    self.base_url, self.current_page - 1)
            page_html_list.append(prev_li)
            for i in range(page_start, page_end + 1):
                if i == self.current_page:
                    li_tag = '<li class="active"><a href="{0}?page={1}">{1}</a></li>'.format(self.base_url, i)
                else:
                    li_tag = '<li><a href="{0}?page={1}">{1}</a></li>'.format(self.base_url, i)
                page_html_list.append(li_tag)
            # 加下一页
            if self.current_page == self.total_page:
                next_li = '<li><a href="#"><span aria-hidden="true">&raquo;</span></a></li>'
            else:
                next_li = '<li><a href="{}?page={}"><span aria-hidden="true">&raquo;</span></a></li>'.format(
                    self.base_url, self.current_page + 1)
            page_html_list.append(next_li)
            # 加尾页
            page_end_li = '<li><a href="{}?page={}">尾页</a></li>'.format(self.base_url, self.total_page)
            page_html_list.append(page_end_li)
            page_html_list.append('</ul></nav>')
            return "".join(page_html_list)
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    class Pagination(object):
        """自定义分页(Bootstrap版)"""
        def __init__(self, current_page, total_count, base_url, per_page=10, max_show=11):
            """
            :param current_page: 当前请求的页码
            :param total_count: 总数据量
            :param base_url: 请求的URL
            :param per_page: 每页显示的数据量,默认值为10
            :param max_show: 页面上最多显示多少个页码,默认值为11
            """
            try:
                self.current_page = int(current_page)
            except Exception as e:
                # 取不到或者页码数不是数字都默认展示第1页
                self.current_page = 1
            # 定义每页显示多少条数据
            self.per_page = per_page
            # 计算出总页码数
            total_page, more = divmod(total_count, per_page)
            if more:
                total_page += 1
            self.total_page = total_page
            # 定义页面上最多显示多少页码(为了左右对称,一般设为奇数)
            self.max_show = max_show
            self.half_show = max_show // 2
            self.base_url = base_url
    
        @property
        def start(self):
            return (self.current_page-1) * self.per_page
    
        @property
        def end(self):
            return self.current_page * self.per_page
    
        def page_html(self):
            # 计算一下页面显示的页码范围
            if self.total_page <= self.max_show:  # 总页码数小于最大显示页码数
                page_start = 1
                page_end = self.total_page
            elif self.current_page + self.half_show >= self.total_page:  # 右边越界
                page_end = self.total_page
                page_start = self.total_page - self.max_show
            elif self.current_page - self.half_show <= 1:  # 左边越界
                page_start = 1
                page_end = self.max_show
            else:  # 正常页码区间
                page_start = self.current_page - self.half_show
                page_end = self.current_page + self.half_show
            # 生成页面上显示的页码
            page_html_list = []
            page_html_list.append('<nav aria-label="Page navigation"><ul class="pagination">')
            # 加首页
            first_li = '<li><a href="{}?page=1">首页</a></li>'.format(self.base_url)
            page_html_list.append(first_li)
            # 加上一页
            if self.current_page == 1:
                prev_li = '<li><a href="#"><span aria-hidden="true">&laquo;</span></a></li>'
            else:
                prev_li = '<li><a href="{}?page={}"><span aria-hidden="true">&laquo;</span></a></li>'.format(
                    self.base_url, self.current_page - 1)
            page_html_list.append(prev_li)
            for i in range(page_start, page_end + 1):
                if i == self.current_page:
                    li_tag = '<li class="active"><a href="{0}?page={1}">{1}</a></li>'.format(self.base_url, i)
                else:
                    li_tag = '<li><a href="{0}?page={1}">{1}</a></li>'.format(self.base_url, i)
                page_html_list.append(li_tag)
            # 加下一页
            if self.current_page == self.total_page:
                next_li = '<li><a href="#"><span aria-hidden="true">&raquo;</span></a></li>'
            else:
                next_li = '<li><a href="{}?page={}"><span aria-hidden="true">&raquo;</span></a></li>'.format(
                    self.base_url, self.current_page + 1)
            page_html_list.append(next_li)
            # 加尾页
            page_end_li = '<li><a href="{}?page={}">尾页</a></li>'.format(self.base_url, self.total_page)
            page_html_list.append(page_end_li)
            page_html_list.append('</ul></nav>')
            return "".join(page_html_list)
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    def publisher_list(request):
        # 从URL中取当前访问的页码数
        current_page = int(request.GET.get('page'))
        # 比len(models.Publisher.objects.all())更高效
        total_count = models.Publisher.objects.count()
        page_obj = Pagination(current_page, total_count, request.path_info)
        data = models.Publisher.objects.all()[page_obj.start:page_obj.end]
        page_html = page_obj.page_html()
        return render(request, "publisher_list.html", {"publisher_list": data, "page_html": page_html})
    复制代码
    def publisher_list(request):
        # 从URL中取当前访问的页码数
        current_page = int(request.GET.get('page'))
        # 比len(models.Publisher.objects.all())更高效
        total_count = models.Publisher.objects.count()
        page_obj = Pagination(current_page, total_count, request.path_info)
        data = models.Publisher.objects.all()[page_obj.start:page_obj.end]
        page_html = page_obj.page_html()
        return render(request, "publisher_list.html", {"publisher_list": data, "page_html": page_html})
    复制代码

      再来一版django内置分页器的分页

    from django.shortcuts import render
    from django.core.paginator import Paginator, EmptyPage, PageNotAnInteger
    
    L = []
    for i in range(999):
        L.append(i)
    
    def index(request):
        current_page = request.GET.get('p')
    
        paginator = Paginator(L, 10)
        # per_page: 每页显示条目数量
        # count:    数据总个数
        # num_pages:总页数
        # page_range:总页数的索引范围,如: (1,10),(1,200)
        # page:     page对象
        try:
            posts = paginator.page(current_page)
            # has_next              是否有下一页
            # next_page_number      下一页页码
            # has_previous          是否有上一页
            # previous_page_number  上一页页码
            # object_list           分页之后的数据列表
            # number                当前页
            # paginator             paginator对象
        except PageNotAnInteger:
            posts = paginator.page(1)
        except EmptyPage:
            posts = paginator.page(paginator.num_pages)
        return render(request, 'index.html', {'posts': posts})
    复制代码
    from django.shortcuts import render
    from django.core.paginator import Paginator, EmptyPage, PageNotAnInteger
    
    L = []
    for i in range(999):
        L.append(i)
    
    def index(request):
        current_page = request.GET.get('p')
    
        paginator = Paginator(L, 10)
        # per_page: 每页显示条目数量
        # count:    数据总个数
        # num_pages:总页数
        # page_range:总页数的索引范围,如: (1,10),(1,200)
        # page:     page对象
        try:
            posts = paginator.page(current_page)
            # has_next              是否有下一页
            # next_page_number      下一页页码
            # has_previous          是否有上一页
            # previous_page_number  上一页页码
            # object_list           分页之后的数据列表
            # number                当前页
            # paginator             paginator对象
        except PageNotAnInteger:
            posts = paginator.page(1)
        except EmptyPage:
            posts = paginator.page(paginator.num_pages)
        return render(request, 'index.html', {'posts': posts})
    复制代码
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html>
    <head lang="en">
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title></title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <ul>
        {% for item in posts %}
            <li>{{ item }}</li>
        {% endfor %}
    </ul>
    
    <div class="pagination">
          <span class="step-links">
            {% if posts.has_previous %}
                <a href="?p={{ posts.previous_page_number }}">Previous</a>
            {% endif %}
              <span class="current">
                Page {{ posts.number }} of {{ posts.paginator.num_pages }}.
              </span>
              {% if posts.has_next %}
                  <a href="?p={{ posts.next_page_number }}">Next</a>
              {% endif %}
          </span>
    
    </div>
    </body>
    </html>
    复制代码
    <!DOCTYPE html>
    <html>
    <head lang="en">
        <meta charset="UTF-8">
        <title></title>
    </head>
    <body>
    <ul>
        {% for item in posts %}
            <li>{{ item }}</li>
        {% endfor %}
    </ul>
    
    <div class="pagination">
          <span class="step-links">
            {% if posts.has_previous %}
                <a href="?p={{ posts.previous_page_number }}">Previous</a>
            {% endif %}
              <span class="current">
                Page {{ posts.number }} of {{ posts.paginator.num_pages }}.
              </span>
              {% if posts.has_next %}
                  <a href="?p={{ posts.next_page_number }}">Next</a>
              {% endif %}
          </span>
    
    </div>
    </body>
    </html>
    复制代码
     
     
     
     
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/yanghongtao/p/10928019.html
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