Django模型系统——ORM校园管理系统代码

1.models.py

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.

class Class(models.Model):
    id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)  # 主键
    cname = models.CharField(max_length=32)  # 班级名称
    first_day = models.DateField()  # 开班时间

class Student(models.Model):
    id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
    sname = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    cid = models.ForeignKey("Class")
    detail = models.OneToOneField(to="StudentInfo", null=True)

class StudentInfo(models.Model):
    height = models.CharField(max_length=4)
    weight = models.CharField(max_length=4)
    addr = models.CharField(max_length=32,null=True)


class Teacher(models.Model):
    tname = models.CharField(max_length=32)
    # cid = models.ManyToManyField(to="Class", related_name="teachers")
    cid = models.ManyToManyField(to="Class")

2.views.py视图系统

from django.shortcuts import render,reverse,redirect
from app01 import models
# Create your views here.

#-----------------------------------------------班级管理--------------------------------------------------------
def class_list(request):
    class_list = models.Class.objects.all()
    return render(request, "class_list.html", {"class_list": class_list})



def delete_class(request):
    class_id = request.GET.get("class_id")
    models.Class.objects.filter(id=class_id).delete()
    return redirect(reverse("class_list"))



def add_class(request):
    # 前端POST填好的新班级信息
    if request.method == "POST":
        cname = request.POST.get("cname")
        first_day = request.POST.get("first_day")
        # 还可以这么获取提交的数据，但不推荐这么写
        # data = request.POST.dict()
        # del data["csrfmiddlewaretoken"]
        # 创建新数据的两种方式
        # new_class = models.Class(cname=cname, first_day=first_day)
        # new_class.save()
        models.Class.objects.create(cname=cname, first_day=first_day)
        # 跳转到class_list
        return redirect(reverse('class_list'))
    # 返回添加班级的页面
    return render(request, "add_class.html")



def edit_class(request):
    if request.method == "POST":
        class_id = request.POST.get("id")
        cname = request.POST.get("cname")
        first_day = request.POST.get("first_day")
        models.Class.objects.create(id=class_id, cname=cname, first_day=first_day)
        return redirect(reverse("class_list"))
    class_id = request.GET.get("class_id")
    class_obj = models.Class.objects.filter(id=class_id)
    if class_obj:
        class_obj = class_obj[0]
        return render(request, "edit_class.html", {"class": class_obj})
    # 找不到该条记录
    else:
        return redirect(reverse("class_list"))

#-----------------------------------------------学生管理--------------------------------------------------------
def student_list(request):
    student_list = models.Student.objects.all()
    return render(request, "student_list.html", {"student_list": student_list})


def delete_student(request, sid):
    models.Student.objects.filter(id=sid).delete()
    return redirect(reverse("student_list"))



def add_student(request):
    if request.method == "POST":
        sname = request.POST.get("sname")
        class_id = request.POST.get("class_id")
        models.Student.objects.create(sname=sname, cid_id=class_id)
        return redirect(reverse("student_list"))

    class_list = models.Class.objects.all()
    return render(request, "add_student.html", {"class_list": class_list})



def edit_student(request, sid):
    # 获取到编辑的学生对象
    student_obj = models.Student.objects.get(id=sid)
    # 获取所有的班级数据
    class_list = models.Class.objects.all()
    if request.method == "POST":
        sname = request.POST.get("sname")
        class_id = request.POST.get("class_id")
        student_obj.sname = sname
        student_obj.cid_id = class_id
        student_obj.save()
        return redirect(reverse("student_list"))
    return render(request, "edit_student.html", {"student": student_obj, "class_list": class_list})

#-----------------------------------------------老师管理--------------------------------------------------------
def teacher_list(request):
    teacher_list = models.Teacher.objects.all()
    return render(request, "teacher_list.html", {"teacher_list": teacher_list})


def delete_teacher(request, tid):
    models.Teacher.objects.filter(id=tid).delete()
    return redirect(reverse("teacher_list"))



def add_teacher(request):
    if request.method == "POST":
        tname = request.POST.get("tname")
        class_ids = request.POST.getlist("class_id")
        new_teacher = models.Teacher.objects.create(tname=tname)
        # 查询出所有被选中的班级信息
        class_objs = models.Class.objects.filter(id__in=class_ids)
        # 将老师的授课班级设置为选中的班级， 以下四种都可以，注意什么时候加*
        new_teacher.cid.set(class_objs)
        # new_teacher.cid.add(*class_objs)
        # new_teacher.cid.add(*class_ids)
        # new_teacher.cid.set(class_ids)
        new_teacher.save()
        return redirect(reverse("teacher_list"))
    class_list = models.Class.objects.all()
    return render(request, "add_teacher.html", {"class_list": class_list})



def edit_teacher(request, tid):
    teacher_obj = models.Teacher.objects.get(id=tid)
    class_list = models.Class.objects.all()
    if request.method == "POST":
        tname = request.POST.get("tname")
        class_ids = request.POST.getlist("class_id")
        # 更新老师相关信息
        teacher_obj.tname = tname
        teacher_obj.cid.set(class_ids)
        teacher_obj.save()  # 一定记得更新完要保存
        return redirect(reverse("teacher_list"))
    return render(request, "edit_teacher.html", {"class_list": class_list, "teacher": teacher_obj})

3.urls.py

from django.conf.urls import url
from django.contrib import admin
from app01 import views
urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
    url(r'^class_list/$', views.class_list, name="class_list"),
    url(r'^delete_class/$', views.delete_class, name="delete_class"),
    url(r'^add_class/$', views.add_class, name="add_class"),
    url(r'^edit_class/$', views.edit_class, name="edit_class"),

    url(r'^student_list/', views.student_list, name="student_list"),
    url(r'^delete_student/(?P<sid>d+)$',views.delete_student, name="delete_student"),
    url(r'^add_student/$',views.add_student, name="add_student"),
    url(r'^edit_student/(?P<sid>d+)$',views.edit_student, name="edit_student"),

    url(r'^teacher_list/$',views.teacher_list, name="teacher_list"),
    url(r'^delete_teacher/(?P<tid>d+)$',views.delete_teacher, name="delete_teacher"),
    url(r'^add_teacher/$', views.add_teacher, name="add_teacher"),
    url(r'^edit_teacher/(?P<tid>d+)$',views.edit_teacher, name="edit_teacher"),
]

4.前端代码部分（模板系统）

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="{% url 'add_class' %}">新页面添加</a>
    <table border="1" style=" 350px">
  {% for class in class_list %}
    <tr>
    <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td>
    <td>{{ class.id }}</td>
    <td>{{ class.cname }}</td>
    <td>{{ class.first_day|date:'Y-m-d' }}</td>
    <td>
        <a href="{% url 'delete_class' %}?class_id={{ class.id }}">删除</a>
        <a href="{% url 'edit_class' %}?class_id={{ class.id }}">编辑</a>
    </td>
    </tr>
  {% endfor %}
</table>
</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="IE=edge">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <title>学生列表</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="{% url 'add_student' %}">添加学生</a>
<table border="1" style=" 500px">
  <thead>
  <tr>
    <th>#</th>
    <th>id</th>
    <th>学生姓名</th>
    <th>学生班级</th>
    <th>开班日期</th>
    <th>操作</th>
  </tr>
  </thead>
  <tbody>
  {% for student in student_list%}
  <tr>
  <td>{{ forloop.counter}}</td>
  <td>{{ student.id }}</td>
  <td>{{ student.sname }}</td>
  <td>{{ student.cid.cname }}</td>
  <td>{{ student.cid.first_day|date:'Y-m-d' }}</td>
  <td>
    <a href="{% url 'delete_student' student.id %}">删除</a>
    <a href="{% url 'edit_student' student.id %}">编辑</a>
  </td>
  </tr>
  {% endfor %}
  </tbody>
</table>
</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="IE=edge">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <title>老师信息页面</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="{% url 'add_teacher' %}">添加新老师</a>
<table border="1" style=" 500px">
  <thead>
  <tr>
    <th>#</th>
    <th>id</th>
    <th>老师姓名</th>
    <th>授课班级</th>
    <th>操作</th>
  </tr>
  </thead>
  <tbody>
  {% for teacher in teacher_list %}
    <tr>
      <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td>
      <td>{{ teacher.id }}</td>
      <td>{{ teacher.tname }}</td>
      <td>
        {% for class in teacher.cid.all %}
          {% if forloop.last %}
            {{ class.cname }}
          {% else %}
            {{ class.cname }},
          {% endif %}
        {% endfor %}
      </td>
      <td>
        <a href="{% url 'delete_teacher' teacher.id %}">删除</a>
        <a href="{% url 'edit_teacher' teacher.id %}">编辑</a>
      </td>
    </tr>
  {% endfor %}
  </tbody>
</table>
</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="IE=edge">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <title>编辑班级</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="{% url 'edit_class' %}" method="post">
  {% csrf_token %}
  <input type="text" value="{{ class.id }}" style="display: none">
  <p>班级名称：<input type="text" name="cname" value="{{ class.cname }}"></p>
  <p>开班日期：<input type="date" name="first_day" value="{{ class.first_day|date:'Y-m-d' }}"></p>
  <p>提交<input type="submit"></p>
</form>
</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="IE=edge">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <title>添加学生</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="{% url 'add_student' %}" method="post">
  {% csrf_token %}
  <p>学生姓名：<input type="text" name="sname"></p>
  <label for="class_id">所在班级：</label>
    <select name="class_id" id="class_id">
      {% for class in class_list %}
        <option value="{{ class.id }}">{{ class.cname }}</option>
      {% endfor %}
    </select>
    <p><input type="submit" value="提交"></p>
</form>
</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="IE=edge">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <title>添加老师</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="{% url 'add_teacher' %}" method="post">
  {% csrf_token %}
  <p>老师姓名：<input type="text" name="tname"></p>
  <label for="class_id">授课班级：</label>
    <select name="class_id" id="class_id" multiple>
      {% for class in class_list %}
        <option value="{{ class.id }}">{{ class.cname }}</option>
      {% endfor %}
    </select>
    <p><input type="submit" value="提交"></p>
</form>
</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="IE=edge">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <title>编辑班级</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="{% url 'edit_class' %}" method="post">
  {% csrf_token %}
  <input type="text" value="{{ class.id }}" style="display: none">
  <p>班级名称：<input type="text" name="cname" value="{{ class.cname }}"></p>
  <p>开班日期：<input type="date" name="first_day" value="{{ class.first_day|date:'Y-m-d' }}"></p>
  <p>提交<input type="submit"></p>
</form>
</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="IE=edge">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <title>编辑学生信息</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="{% url 'edit_student' student.id %}" method="post">
  {% csrf_token %}
  <p>学生姓名：<input type="text" name="sname" value="{{ student.sname }}"></p>
  <label for="class_id">所在班级：</label>
  <select name="class_id" id="class_id">
    {% for class in class_list %}
      {% if class.id == student.cid_id %}
        <option value="{{ class.id }}" selected>{{ class.cname }}</option>
      {% else %}
        <option value="{{ class.id }}">{{ class.cname }}</option>
      {% endif %}
    {% endfor %}
  </select>
  <p><input type="submit" value="提交"></p>
</form>
</body>
</html>

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <meta http-equiv="x-ua-compatible" content="IE=edge">
  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
  <title>编辑老师信息</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="{% url 'edit_teacher' teacher.id %}" method="post">
  {% csrf_token %}
  <p>老师姓名：<input type="text" name="tname" value="{{ teacher.tname }}"></p>
  <label for="class_id">授课班级：</label>
  <select name="class_id" id="class_id" multiple>
    {% for class in class_list %}
      {% if class in teacher.cid.all %}
        <option value="{{ class.id }}" selected>{{ class.cname }}</option>
      {% else %}
        <option value="{{ class.id }}">{{ class.cname }}</option>
      {% endif %}
    {% endfor %}
  </select>
  <p><input type="submit" value="提交"></p>
</form>
</body>
</html>

5.其它设置

#settings.py配置数据库信息
DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': "shiyan2",
        "USER":"root",
        "PASSWORD":"",
        "HOST":"127.0.0.1",
        "PORT":3306,
    }
}

#__init__.py
import pymysql
pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()