l临时表空间被删:
1、创建新的表空间:create tempory tablespace temp2 tempfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/disk2/temp02.dbf' size 200M extent management local uniform size 128k;
2、修改数据库的临时表空间到新的表空间:alter database default tempory tablespace temp2;
3、删除旧的临时表空间:drop tablespace temp1 including contents and datafile;
查看表空间使用情况:
SELECT d.tablespace_name "Name", d.status "Status",
TO_CHAR (NVL (a.BYTES / 1024 / 1024, 0), '99,999,990.90') "Size (M)",
TO_CHAR (NVL (a.BYTES - NVL (f.BYTES, 0), 0) / 1024 / 1024,
'99999999.99'
) USE,
TO_CHAR (NVL ((a.BYTES - NVL (f.BYTES, 0)) / a.BYTES * 100, 0),
'990.00'
) "Used %"
FROM SYS.dba_tablespaces d,
(SELECT tablespace_name, SUM (BYTES) BYTES
FROM dba_data_files
GROUP BY tablespace_name) a,
(SELECT tablespace_name, SUM (BYTES) BYTES
FROM dba_free_space
GROUP BY tablespace_name) f
WHERE d.tablespace_name = a.tablespace_name(+)
AND d.tablespace_name = f.tablespace_name(+)
AND NOT (d.extent_management LIKE 'LOCAL' AND d.CONTENTS LIKE 'TEMPORARY')
UNION ALL
SELECT d.tablespace_name "Name", d.status "Status",
TO_CHAR (NVL (a.BYTES / 1024 / 1024, 0), '99,999,990.90') "Size (M)",
TO_CHAR (NVL (t.BYTES, 0) / 1024 / 1024, '99999999.99') USE,
TO_CHAR (NVL (t.BYTES / a.BYTES * 100, 0), '990.00') "Used %"
FROM SYS.dba_tablespaces d,
(SELECT tablespace_name, SUM (BYTES) BYTES
FROM dba_temp_files
GROUP BY tablespace_name) a,
(SELECT tablespace_name, SUM (bytes_cached) BYTES
FROM v$temp_extent_pool
GROUP BY tablespace_name) t
WHERE d.tablespace_name = a.tablespace_name(+)
AND d.tablespace_name = t.tablespace_name(+)
AND d.extent_management LIKE 'LOCAL'
AND d.CONTENTS LIKE 'TEMPORARY';
1. 查询表空间剩余字节大小
SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME, SUM(BYTES)/1024/1024 AS "FREE SPACE(M)"
FROM DBA_FREE_SPACE
WHERE TABLESPACE_NAME = '&tablespace_name'
GROUP BY TABLESPACE_NAME;
注:如果是临时表空间,请查询DBA_TEMP_FREE_SPACE
SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME, FREE_SPACE/1024/1024 AS "FREE SPACE(M)"
FROM DBA_TEMP_FREE_SPACE
WHERE TABLESPACE_NAME = '&tablespace_name';
2. 查询表空间所有数据文件路径
SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME, FILE_ID, FILE_NAME, BYTES/1024/1024 AS "BYTES(M)"
FROM DBA_DATA_FILES
WHERE TABLESPACE_NAME = '&tablespace_name';
注:如果是临时表空间,请查询DBA_TEMP_FILES
SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME, FILE_ID, FILE_NAME, BYTES/1024/1024 AS "SPACE(M)"
FROM DBA_TEMP_FILES
WHERE TABLESPACE_NAME = '&tablespace_name';
3. 为空间不足的表空间增加数据文件
ALTER TABLESPACE &tablespace_name ADD DATAFILE '&datafile_name' SIZE 2G;
注:如果要为临时表空间扩容,使用下面的语句
ALTER TABLESPACE &tablespace_name ADD TEMPFILE '&datafile_name' SIZE 2G;
4.查看临时表空间的大小 和 数据文件路径
SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME, FILE_ID, FILE_NAME, BYTES/1024/1024 AS "SPACE(M)"
FROM DBA_TEMP_FILES
WHERE TABLESPACE_NAME = 'TEMP';
或者
select name, bytes/1024/1024 as "大小(M)" from v$tempfile order by bytes;
5.重建并修改默认临时表空间办法:
--查询当前数据库默认临时表空间名
select * from database_properties where property_name='DEFAULT_TEMP_TABLESPACE';
--创建新的临时表空间
create temporary tablespace temp02 tempfile 'E:oracleoradatalimsTEMP02.DBF' size 1024M autoextend on;
--修改默认表空间为刚刚建立的临时表空间
alter database default temporary tablespace temp02;
--查看用户所用临时表空间的情况
SELECT USERNAME,TEMPORARY_TABLESPACE FROM DBA_USERS;
--删除原来的临时表空间
drop tablespace temp including contents and datafiles;
--查看所有表空间名确认临时表空间是否已删除
select tablespace_name from dba_tablespaces;
oracle 临时表空间的增删改查
1、查看临时表空间 (dba_temp_files视图)(v_$tempfile视图)
select tablespace_name,file_name,bytes/1024/1024 file_size,autoextensible from dba_temp_files;
select status,enabled, name, bytes/1024/1024 file_size from v_$tempfile;--sys用户查看
2、缩小临时表空间大小
alter database tempfile 'D:ORACLEPRODUCT10.2.0ORADATATELEMTTEMP01.DBF' resize 100M;
3、扩展临时表空间:
方法一、增大临时文件大小:
SQL> alter database tempfile ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf’ resize 100m;
方法二、将临时数据文件设为自动扩展:
SQL> alter database tempfile ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf’ autoextend on next 5m maxsize unlimited;
方法三、向临时表空间中添加数据文件:
SQL> alter tablespace temp add tempfile ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp02.dbf’ size 100m;
4、创建临时表空间:
SQL> create temporary tablespace temp1 tempfile ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp11.dbf’ size 10M;
5、更改系统的默认临时表空间:
--查询默认临时表空间
select * from database_properties where property_name='DEFAULT_TEMP_TABLESPACE';
--修改默认临时表空间
alter database default temporary tablespace temp1;
所有用户的默认临时表空间都将切换为新的临时表空间:
select username,temporary_tablespace,default_ from dba_users;
--更改某一用户的临时表空间:
alter user scott temporary tablespace temp;
6、删除临时表空间
删除临时表空间的一个数据文件:
SQL> alter database tempfile ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp02.dbf’ drop;
删除临时表空间(彻底删除):
SQL> drop tablespace temp1 including contents and datafiles cascade constraints;
7、查看临时表空间的使用情况(GV_$TEMP_SPACE_HEADER视图必须在sys用户下才能查询)
GV_$TEMP_SPACE_HEADER视图记录了临时表空间的使用大小与未使用的大小
dba_temp_files视图的bytes字段记录的是临时表空间的总大小
SELECT temp_used.tablespace_name,
total - used as "Free",
total as "Total",
round(nvl(total - used, 0) * 100 / total, 3) "Free percent"
FROM (SELECT tablespace_name, SUM(bytes_used) / 1024 / 1024 used
FROM GV_$TEMP_SPACE_HEADER
GROUP BY tablespace_name) temp_used,
(SELECT tablespace_name, SUM(bytes) / 1024 / 1024 total
FROM dba_temp_files
GROUP BY tablespace_name) temp_total
WHERE temp_used.tablespace_name = temp_total.tablespace_name
8、查找消耗资源比较的sql语句
Select se.username,
se.sid,
su.extents,
su.blocks * to_number(rtrim(p.value)) as Space,
tablespace,
segtype,
sql_text
from v$sort_usage su, v$parameter p, v$session se, v$sql s
where p.name = 'db_block_size'
and su.session_addr = se.saddr
and s.hash_value = su.sqlhash
and s.address = su.sqladdr
order by se.username, se.sid
9、查看当前临时表空间使用大小与正在占用临时表空间的sql语句
select sess.SID, segtype, blocks * 8 / 1000 "MB", sql_text
from v$sort_usage sort, v$session sess, v$sql sql
where sort.SESSION_ADDR = sess.SADDR
and sql.ADDRESS = sess.SQL_ADDRESS
order by blocks desc;
10、临时表空间组介绍
1)创建临时表空间组:
create temporary tablespace tempts1 tempfile '/home/oracle/temp1_02.dbf' size 2M tablespace group group1;
create temporary tablespace tempts2 tempfile '/home/oracle/temp2_02.dbf' size 2M tablespace group group2;
2)查询临时表空间组:dba_tablespace_groups视图
select * from dba_tablespace_groups;
GROUP_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME
------------------------------ ------------------------------
GROUP1 TEMPTS1
GROUP2 TEMPTS2
3)将表空间从一个临时表空间组移动到另外一个临时表空间组:
alter tablespace tempts1 tablespace group GROUP2 ;
select * from dba_tablespace_groups;
GROUP_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME
------------------------------ ------------------------------
GROUP2 TEMPTS1
GROUP2 TEMPTS2
4)把临时表空间组指定给用户
alter user scott temporary tablespace GROUP2;
5)在数据库级设置临时表空间
alter database <db_name> default temporary tablespace GROUP2;
6)删除临时表空间组 (删除组成临时表空间组的所有临时表空间)
drop tablespace tempts1 including contents and datafiles;
select * from dba_tablespace_groups;
GROUP_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME
------------------------------ ------------------------------
GROUP2 TEMPTS2
drop tablespace tempts2 including contents and datafiles;
select * from dba_tablespace_groups;
GROUP_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME
11、对临时表空间进行shrink(11g新增的功能)
--将temp表空间收缩为20M
alter tablespace temp shrink space keep 20M;
--自动将表空间的临时文件缩小到最小可能的大小
ALTER TABLESPACE temp SHRINK TEMPFILE ’/u02/oracle/data/lmtemp02.dbf’;
临时表空间作用
Oracle临时表空间主要用来做查询和存放一些缓冲区数据。临时表空间消耗的主要原因是需要对查询的中间结果进行排序。
重启数据库可以释放临时表空间,如果不能重启实例,而一直保持问题sql语句的执行,temp表空间会一直增长。直到耗尽硬盘空间。
网上有人猜测在磁盘空间的分配上,oracle使用的是贪心算法,如果上次磁盘空间消耗达到1GB,那么临时表空间就是1GB。
也就是说当前临时表空间文件的大小是历史上使用临时表空间最大的大小。
临时表空间的主要作用:
索引create或rebuild;
Order by 或 group by;
Distinct 操作;
Union 或 intersect 或 minus;
Sort-merge joins;
analyze.