Query Profiler是MYSQL自带的一种query诊断分析工具,通过它可以分析出一条SQL语句的性能瓶颈在什么地方。通常我们是使用的explain,以及slow query log都无法做到精确分析,但是Query Profiler却可以定位出一条SQL语句执行的各种资源消耗情况,比如CPU,IO等,以及该SQL执行所耗费的时间等。不过该工具只有在MYSQL 5.0.37以及以上版本中才有实现。
默认的情况下,MYSQL的该功能没有打开,需要自己手动启动。可以通过如下方法查看当前mysql服务器是否开启了该功能。
mysql> show variables like '%profiling%'; +------------------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +------------------------+-------+ | profiling | OFF | | profiling_history_size | 15 | +------------------------+-------+ 2 rows in set (0.03 sec)
profiling参数值为OFF,说明没有打开该功能。
profiling_history_size参数值为15表示,记录最近15次的查询历史。该值可以修改。
下边说说如何打开profiling功能:
MYSQL提示符下执行如下命令:
mysql> set profiling=1; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
然后再次检验下执行的效果:
mysql> show variables like '%profiling%'; +------------------------+-------+ | Variable_name | Value | +------------------------+-------+ | profiling | ON | | profiling_history_size | 15 | +------------------------+-------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
profiling值为ON说明已经启动该功能。
下边说说如何使用show
profiles;
1.首先执行一查询语句:
mysql> select * from user; +------+-----------+ | id | name | +------+-----------+ | 1 | a | | 2 | b | | 3 | c | | 4 | d | | 5 | e | | 6 | f | | 7 | g | +------+-----------+ 7 rows in set (0.06 sec)
2.通过show profiles命令查看系统中多个query的概要信息:
mysql> show profiles; +----------+------------+-----------------------------------+ | Query_ID | Duration | Query | +----------+------------+-----------------------------------+ | 1 | 0.00013600 | set profiling=1 | | 2 | 0.00092300 | show variables like '%profiling%' | | 3 | 0.08506075 | show databases | | 4 | 0.02698550 | SELECT DATABASE() | | 5 | 0.07408475 | show tables | | 6 | 0.05769725 | select * from user | +----------+------------+-----------------------------------+ 6 rows in set (0.01 sec
其中Query_ID表示查询ID,也就是个编号,Duration表示对应的query语句执行的时间,单位是秒,query表示具体的query语句。我们可以看到刚才我们最后执行的select * from user语句执行的时间是0.05769725,单位是秒,也就是57ms
3.获取单个query的详细profile信息,可以通过如下语句:
mysql> show profile cpu,block io for query 1; +--------------------+----------+----------+------------+--------------+---------------+ | Status | Duration | CPU_user | CPU_system | Block_ops_in | Block_ops_out | +--------------------+----------+----------+------------+--------------+---------------+ | starting | 0.014438 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | | Opening tables | 0.042860 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | | System lock | 0.000007 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | | Table lock | 0.000012 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | | init | 0.000019 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | | optimizing | 0.000005 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | | statistics | 0.000018 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | | preparing | 0.000011 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | | executing | 0.000004 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | | Sending data | 0.000232 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | | end | 0.000007 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | | query end | 0.000005 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | | freeing items | 0.000073 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | | logging slow query | 0.000003 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | | cleaning up | 0.000004 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | +--------------------+----------+----------+------------+--------------+---------------+ 15 rows in set (0.02 sec)
总结:Query Profiler对于SQL性能分析和诊断费用有用。另外,该命令还有如下参数可以选择:
- ALL - displays all information
- BLOCK IO - displays counts for block input and output operations
- CONTEXT SWITCHES - displays counts for voluntary and involuntary context switches
- IPC - displays counts for messages sent and received
- MEMORY - is not currently implemented
- PAGE FAULTS - displays counts for major and minor page faults
- SOURCE - displays the names of functions from the source code, together with the name and line number of the file in which the function occurs
- SWAPS - displays swap counts
使用SQLyog等工具可以直接看到Profiler页面,输入 Show profiles;语句后会显示更为详细的信息。