springMvc环境搭建

spring mvc 搭建的环境： 

搭建一个maven工程（编辑环境是eclipse）

参考1：创建maven项目

参考2：创建maven项目

出现问题时解决：https://www.cnblogs.com/goldenVip/p/6278377.html

在maven工程集成spring

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.test</groupId>
  <artifactId>springMvcTest</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>springMvcTest Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  <properties>
       <springframework-version>4.2.5.RELEASE</springframework-version>
       <spring-session-version>1.1.0.RELEASE</spring-session-version>
       <logback-version>1.2.3</logback-version>
  </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <!-- 集成spring mvc*************************start -->
        <!-- spring-test 对spring框架进行单元测试 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>${springframework-version}</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>${springframework-version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${springframework-version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>${springframework-version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>${springframework-version}</version>
        </dependency> 
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>${springframework-version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
            <version>${springframework-version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
            <version>${springframework-version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${springframework-version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-websocket</artifactId>
            <version>${springframework-version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-messaging</artifactId>
            <version>${springframework-version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 集成spring mvc*************************end -->
        <!-- 单元测试依赖包 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>3.8.1</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- 写日志依赖包 -->
         <dependency>
            <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
            <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
            <version>${logback-version}</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <finalName>springMvcTest</finalName>
        <!-- 解决每次使用Maven > Update project的时候JDK版本都恢复成1.5。的问题 -->
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.3</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

1.HelloWorld例子

web.xml 中配置servlet

在默认情况下，如例子中一样， servlet-name - servlet.xml 默认放在/WEB-INF文件夹下

可以自己定义servlet文件的位置

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>helloWeb</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>    
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>helloWeb</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

其中spring-mvc.xml为servlet的配置文件，在src/main/resources文件路径下。

spring-mvc.xml 文件中配置servlet的具体信息

   <!-- 配置需要扫描的包 -->
   <context:component-scan base-package="com.test.controller" />   
   <!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
   <!--视图文件的 前缀为/WEB-INF/  后缀为.jsp的文件 -->
   <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
      <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/" />
      <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
   </bean>

2. spring mvc 表单处理例子

前端jsp页面中用form表单提交

   <form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/student/save" method="post">
       <table>
          <tr><td>name</td><td><input type="text" name="name"></input></td></tr>
          <tr><td>age</td><td><input type="text" name="age"></input></td></tr>
          <tr><td colspan="2"><input type="submit" value="submit"></input></td></tr>
       </table>
   </form>

后端java 用一个实体类去接收

    @RequestMapping(value="/save",method=RequestMethod.POST)
    public ModelAndView save(@ModelAttribute Student student){
        ModelAndView view =new ModelAndView("result");
        return view;
    }

参考文章：w3cSchool教程

采用spring框架写的一个简单的helloworld程序：

beans.xml配置

  <bean id="helloword" class="com.tutorialspoint.HelloWorld">
      <property name="message" value="Hello word111"></property>
  </bean>

HelloWorld实体类

public class HelloWorld {
    private String message;
    public String getMessage() {
        System.out.println("your mesage is:"+message);
        return message;
    }
    public void setMessage(String message) {
        this.message = message;
    }
}

注册，加载，实例化，并应用bean

   public static void main(String[] args) {
        //创建应用程序上下文环境，加载beans的配置，并初始化bean
        @SuppressWarnings("resource")
        ApplicationContext context=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("beans1.xml");
        HelloWorld obj=(HelloWorld)context.getBean("helloword");//获取bean
        obj.getMessage();//调用bean的方法
    }

学习教程：wscschool教程