一、监控常用命令
1、物理服务器监控命令
①添加yum源
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-6.repo wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-6.repo
②安装
yum -y install OpenIPMI ipmitool [root@xenserver7-01 ~]# ipmitool sdr type Temperature #查看温度 Temp | 01h | ns | 3.1 | Disabled Temp | 02h | ns | 3.2 | Disabled Temp | 05h | ns | 10.1 | Disabled Temp | 06h | ns | 10.2 | Disabled Ambient Temp | 0Eh | ok | 7.1 | 20 degrees C Planar Temp | 0Fh | ns | 7.1 | Disabled IOH THERMTRIP | 5Dh | ns | 7.1 | Disabled CPU Temp Interf | 76h | ns | 7.1 | Disabled Temp | 0Ah | ns | 8.1 | Disabled Temp | 0Bh | ns | 8.1 | Disabled Temp | 0Ch | ns | 8.1 | Disabled
2、cpu常用监控命令
lscpu
top：z加颜色 x高亮排序列 < > 左右移动
uptime
htop：top的升级版，支持鼠标
3、内存、硬盘监控命令
free -h、free -m、df -h、iotop
4、网络监控命令
yum -y install iftop nethogs
iftop：查看主机间的流量，指定网卡查看 iftop -i eth1
nethogs：查看进程使用的流量
smokeing
二、Zabbix监控
1、介绍
Zabbix是一个企业级的、开源的、分布式的监控套件，Zabbix可以监控网络和服务的监控状况. Zabbix利用灵活的告警机制，允许用户对事件发送基于Email的告警. 这样可以保证快速的对问题作出相应. Zabbix可以利用存储数据提供杰出的报告及图形化方式. 这一特性将帮助用户完成容量规划。是目前生产环境非常流行的一个zabbix监控软件了
2、Zabbix架构图形
3、安装部署
①部署环境
[root@m01 tools]# cat /etc/redhat-release CentOS release 6.9 (Final) [root@m01 tools]# uname -r 2.6.32-696.el6.x86_64 [root@m01 tools]# getenforce Disabled [root@m01 tools]# /etc/init.d/iptables status iptables: Firewall is not running.
②服务器规划
管理机m01 [root@m01 tools]# hostname -I 10.0.0.61 172.16.1.61 web01 [root@web01 ~]# hostname -I 10.0.0.8 172.16.1.8
③服务端安装配置
#上传定制好的rpm包解压 tar xfP zabbix3.0.9_yum.tar.gz #快速安装LAMP环境 yum -y --nogpgcheck -C install httpd zabbix-web zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-web-mysql zabbix-get mysql-server php55w php55w-mysql php55w-common php55w-gd php55w-mbstring php55w-mcrypt php55w-devel php55w-xml php55w-bcmath zabbix-get zabbix-java-gateway wqy-microhei-fonts net-snmp net-snmp-utils #配置mysql cp /usr/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf /etc/init.d/mysqld start mysql -e 'create database zabbix character set utf8 collate utf8_bin;' mysql -e "grant all on zabbix.* to zabbix@'localhost' identified by 'zabbix';" zcat /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql-3.0.9/create.sql.gz |mysql -uzabbix -pzabbix zabbix #配置PHP egrep -n "^post_max_size|^max_execution_time|^max_input_time|^date.timezone" /etc/php.ini sed -i 's#max_execution_time = 30#max_execution_time = 300#;s#max_input_time = 60#max_input_time = 300#;s#post_max_size = 8M#post_max_size = 16M#;910a date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai' /etc/php.ini #配置zabbix-server连接数据库 sed -i '115a DBPassword=zabbix' /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf #配置zabbix网页及授权 cp -R /usr/share/zabbix/ /var/www/html/ chmod -R 755 /etc/zabbix/web chown -R apache.apache /etc/zabbix/web #启动zabbix服务 echo "ServerName 127.0.0.1:80">>/etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf /etc/init.d/httpd start /etc/init.d/zabbix-server start #加入开机自启动 cat>>/etc/rc.local<<EOF /etc/init.d/mysqld start /etc/init.d/httpd start /etc/init.d/zabbix-server start EOF
④客户端安装配置
rpm -ivh http://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix/zabbix/3.0/rhel/6/x86_64/zabbix-agent-3.0.9-1.el6.x86_64.rpm sed -i 's#Server=127.0.0.1#Server=172.16.1.61#' /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf /etc/init.d/zabbix-agent start
Starting Zabbix agent: [ OK ]
CentOS7
rpm -ivh http://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix/zabbix/3.0/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-agent-3.0.9-1.el7.x86_64.rpm sed -i 's#Server=127.0.0.1#Server=172.16.1.61#' /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf systemctl start zabbix-agent.service systemctl enable zabbix-agent.service
⑤浏览器输入http://10.0.0.61/zabbix/
⑥解决web页面显示乱码问题
cp /usr/share/fonts/wqy-microhei/wqy-microhei.ttc /usr/share/fonts/dejavu/DejaVuSans.ttf
到此Zabbix网页端安装完毕
4、网页添加一个被监控客户端web01
如上图所示，说明监控项已添加成功