sqlserver下通用 行转列 函数(原创)

因项目中常需要行转列的统计报表,每次编写时,均费一番功夫,今天特地花费几个小时编写了一套用于Sqlserver的 通用行转列 存储过程

采用sqlserver2000自带的pubs示例库,实验目标:

将作者所写的图书价格 以横向表格展示 如:

作者	书名1	书名2	书名3	书名4
张三	25.0	3.5
李四			89.0	54.30

1>首先查询出作者对应的书名以及价格

Sql语句如下

select a.au_lname,c.title as colName,cast(price as nvarchar(50)) as result
from authors a ,titleauthor b,titles c
where a.au_id = b.au_id and c.title_id= b.title_id

如图所示:

2>只需将sql语句放入存储过程参数即可:

declare @temp nvarchar(500)
set @temp = 'select a.au_lname as 作者,c.title as colName,cast(price as nvarchar(50)) as result
from authors a ,titleauthor b,titles c
where a.au_id = b.au_id and c.title_id= b.title_id '
exec CommonRowToCol  @temp  

执行效果

3>使用时,只需将要作为列名的字段定义为colname,将欲显示的列定义为result即可

完整的存储过程代码如下:

create procedure dbo.CommonRowToCol
    @sql nvarchar(4000)
as
begin
--必须包含colname列和result列(不区分大小写),
--除colname列和result列 其余各列均会作为判别记录唯一性的条件

    create table #temp([序号] int IDENTITY(1,1))
    declare @sqlTemp nvarchar(4000),@sql_select nvarchar(1000),@temp nvarchar(500)
    declare @sql_All nvarchar(4000),@sql_Table nvarchar(1000),@sql_declare nvarchar(1000),@sql_Fetch nvarchar(1000) ,
            @sql_id nvarchar(1000),@sql_id2 nvarchar(1000),@sql_insert nvarchar(1000),@sql_value nvarchar(1000)

    set @sql_select = '' set @sql_All = '' set @sql_Table ='' set @sql_declare = '' set @sql_Fetch = ''
    set @sql_id = '' set @sql_id2 = '' set @sql_insert='' set @sql_value = ''

    set @sql = lower(LTRIM(@sql))
    set @sqlTemp = @sql
    set @sqlTemp = ' select top 0 * into #tempTbl from ('+@sqlTemp+')z '+
        ' select @temp =  Name+'',''+@temp from ( select top 1111 name from tempdb..syscolumns where id = object_id(N''tempdb..#tempTbl'') order by colorder )z '
    EXECUTE sp_executesql @sqlTemp, N'@temp nvarchar(1000) output',@sql_select output

    while charindex(',',@sql_select) > 0
    begin
        select @temp = lower(LEFT(@sql_select,charindex(',',@sql_select)-1))
        select @sql_select = stuff(@sql_select,1,charindex(',',@sql_select),'')

        if (@temp <> 'colname') and (@temp<>'result')
        begin
            set @sql_Table = ' ['+@temp+'] nvarchar(1000),' + @sql_Table
            set @sql_insert = ' ['+@temp+'],' + @sql_insert
            set @sql_value ='isnull(@'+@temp+',''''),'+@sql_value
            set @sql_id =  ' ['+@temp+'] =  isnull(@'+@temp+','''') and' + @sql_id
            set @sql_id2 = ' ['+@temp+'] =  isnull(''''''+@'+@temp+'+'''''' ,'''''''') and' + @sql_id2
        end;
        set @sql_declare = ' @'+@temp+' nvarchar(1000),'+@sql_declare
        set @sql_Fetch = ' @'+@temp+','+@sql_Fetch
    end;
    set @sql_Table = 'ALTER TABLE #temp ADD ' +left(@sql_Table,len(@sql_table)-1)+' '
    set @sql_declare = 'declare @sqlTemp nvarchar(4000),' +left(@sql_declare,len(@sql_declare)-1) + ' '
    set @sql_Fetch = left(@sql_Fetch,len(@sql_fetch)-1) + ' '
    set @sql_id = left(@sql_id,len(@sql_id)-3) + ' '
    set @sql_id2 = left(@sql_id2,len(@sql_id2)-3) + ' '
    set @sql_insert = left(@sql_insert,len(@sql_insert)-1) + ' '
    set @sql_value = left(@sql_value,len(@sql_value)-1) + ' '

    set @sql_All = @sql_declare +
            ' Declare myCur Cursor   For '+ @sql + ' Open myCur Fetch NEXT From myCur Into '+ @sql_Fetch+
            ' While @@fetch_status=0 Begin '+
            '   if not exists(select * from tempdb..syscolumns where id = object_id(N''tempdb..#temp'') and name = @colName)
                begin
                    set @sqlTemp =''alter table #temp add [''+@colName+''] nvarchar(4000) ''
                    exec(@sqlTemp)
                end
                if not exists(select * from #temp where '+@sql_id+')
                begin
                    insert into #temp('+@sql_insert+') values('+@sql_value+')
                end

                set @sqlTemp ='' update #temp set [''+@colName+''] = isnull(''''''+@result+'''''','''''''') where ' + @sql_id2+'''
                exec(@sqlTemp)

                Fetch NEXT From myCur Into '+ @sql_Fetch+
            'end
            Close myCur
            Deallocate myCur
            select * from #temp
            '

    exec (@sql_Table)
    exec(@sql_All)
end

4>以上代码在sqlserver2000,2005,2008测试通过.

5>交流请留言,转载请标注