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  • DB宝42】MySQL高可用架构MHA+ProxySQL实现读写分离和负载均衡

    DB宝42】MySQL高可用架构MHA+ProxySQL实现读写分离和负载均衡

    原创 MySQL 作者：lhrbest 

    [toc]

    一、MHA+ProxySQL架构

    之前发过一篇MHA的文章，介绍了MHA相关的知识和功能测试，连接为：【DB宝19】在Docker中使用MySQL高可用之MHA 。今天这一篇给大家分享一下“MHA+中间件ProxySQL”来实现读写分离+负载均衡的相关知识。

    我们都知道，MHA（Master High Availability Manager and tools for MySQL）目前在MySQL高可用方面是一个相对成熟的解决方案，是一套作为MySQL高可用性环境下故障切换和主从提升的高可用软件。它的架构是要求一个MySQL复制集群必须最少有3台数据库服务器，一主二从，即一台充当Master，一台充当备用Master，另一台充当从库。但是，如果不连接任何外部的数据库中间件，那么就会导致所有的业务压力流向主库，从而造成主库压力过大，而2个从库除了本身的IO和SQL线程外，无任何业务压力，会严重造成资源的浪费。因此，我们可以把MHA和ProxySQL结合使用来实现读写分离和负载均衡。所有的业务通过中间件ProxySQL后，会被分配到不同的MySQL机器上。从而，前端的写操作会流向主库，而读操作会被负载均衡的转发到2个从库上。

    MHA+ProxySQL架构如下图所示：

    二、快速搭建MHA环境

    2.1 下载MHA镜像

    1. -- 下载镜像
    2. docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lhrbest/mha-lhr-master1-ip131
    3. docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lhrbest/mha-lhr-slave1-ip132
    4. docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lhrbest/mha-lhr-slave2-ip133
    5. docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lhrbest/mha-lhr-monitor-ip134
    7. -- 重命名镜像
    8. docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lhrbest/mha-lhr-master1-ip131 lhrbest/mha-lhr-master1-ip131
    9. docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lhrbest/mha-lhr-slave1-ip132 lhrbest/mha-lhr-slave1-ip132
    10. docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lhrbest/mha-lhr-slave2-ip133 lhrbest/mha-lhr-slave2-ip133
    11. docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lhrbest/mha-lhr-monitor-ip134 lhrbest/mha-lhr-monitor-ip134

    一共4个镜像，3个MHA Node，一个MHA Manager，压缩包大概3G，下载完成后：

    1. [root@lhrdocker ~]# docker images | grep mha
    2. registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lhrbest/mha-lhr-monitor-ip134 latest 7d29597dc997 14 hours ago 1.53GB
    3. registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lhrbest/mha-lhr-slave2-ip133 latest d3717794e93a 40 hours ago 4.56GB
    4. registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lhrbest/mha-lhr-slave1-ip132 latest f62ee813e487 40 hours ago 4.56GB
    5. registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/lhrbest/mha-lhr-master1-ip131 latest ae7be48d83dc 40 hours ago 4.56GB

    2.2 编辑yml文件，创建MHA相关容器

    编辑yml文件，使用docker-compose来创建MHA相关容器，注意docker-compose.yml文件的格式，对空格、缩进、对齐都有严格要求：

    1. # 创建存放yml文件的路径
    2. mkdir -p /root/mha
    4. # 编辑文件/root/mha/docker-compose.yml
    5. cat > /root/mha/docker-compose.yml <<"EOF"
    6. version: '3.8'
    8. services:
    9. MHA-LHR-Master1-ip131:
    10. container_name: "MHA-LHR-Master1-ip131"
    11. restart: "always"
    12. hostname: MHA-LHR-Master1-ip131
    13. privileged: true
    14. image: lhrbest/mha-lhr-master1-ip131
    15. ports:
    16. - "33131:3306"
    17. - "2201:22"
    18. networks:
    19. mhalhr:
    20. ipv4_address: 192.168.68.131
    22. MHA-LHR-Slave1-ip132:
    23. container_name: "MHA-LHR-Slave1-ip132"
    24. restart: "always"
    25. hostname: MHA-LHR-Slave1-ip132
    26. privileged: true
    27. image: lhrbest/mha-lhr-slave1-ip132
    28. ports:
    29. - "33132:3306"
    30. - "2202:22"
    31. networks:
    32. mhalhr:
    33. ipv4_address: 192.168.68.132
    35. MHA-LHR-Slave2-ip133:
    36. container_name: "MHA-LHR-Slave2-ip133"
    37. restart: "always"
    38. hostname: MHA-LHR-Slave2-ip133
    39. privileged: true
    40. image: lhrbest/mha-lhr-slave2-ip133
    41. ports:
    42. - "33133:3306"
    43. - "2203:22"
    44. networks:
    45. mhalhr:
    46. ipv4_address: 192.168.68.133
    48. MHA-LHR-Monitor-ip134:
    49. container_name: "MHA-LHR-Monitor-ip134"
    50. restart: "always"
    51. hostname: MHA-LHR-Monitor-ip134
    52. privileged: true
    53. image: lhrbest/mha-lhr-monitor-ip134
    54. ports:
    55. - "33134:3306"
    56. - "2204:22"
    57. networks:
    58. mhalhr:
    59. ipv4_address: 192.168.68.134
    61. networks:
    62. mhalhr:
    63. name: mhalhr
    64. ipam:
    65. config:
    66. - subnet: "192.168.68.0/16"
    68. EOF

    2.3 安装docker-compose软件（若已安装，可忽略）

    1. [root@lhrdocker ~]# curl --insecure -L https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.28.4/docker-compose-Linux-x86_64 -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
    2. % Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current
    3. Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed
    4. 100 638 100 638 0 0 530 0 0:00:01 0:00:01 --:--:-- 531
    5. 100 11.6M 100 11.6M 0 0 1994k 0 0:00:06 0:00:06 --:--:-- 2943k
    6. [root@lhrdocker ~]# chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
    7. [root@lhrdocker ~]# docker-compose -v
    8. docker-compose version 1.28.4, build cabd5cfb

    2.4 创建MHA容器

    1. # 启动mha环境的容器，一定要进入文件夹/root/mha/后再操作
    2. -- docker rm -f MHA-LHR-Master1-ip131 MHA-LHR-Slave1-ip132 MHA-LHR-Slave2-ip133 MHA-LHR-Monitor-ip134
    3. [root@lhrdocker ~]# cd /root/mha/
    4. [root@lhrdocker mha]#
    5. [root@lhrdocker mha]# docker-compose up -d
    6. Creating network "mhalhr" with the default driver
    7. Creating MHA-LHR-Monitor-ip134 ... done
    8. Creating MHA-LHR-Slave2-ip133 ... done
    9. Creating MHA-LHR-Master1-ip131 ... done
    10. Creating MHA-LHR-Slave1-ip132 ... done
    11. [root@docker35 ~]# docker ps | grep "mha|COMMAND"
    12. CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
    13. 2978361198b7 lhrbest/mha-lhr-master1-ip131 "/usr/sbin/init" 2 minutes ago Up 2 minutes 16500-16599/tcp, 0.0.0.0:2201->22/tcp, 0.0.0.0:33131->3306/tcp MHA-LHR-Master1-ip131
    14. a64e2e86589c lhrbest/mha-lhr-slave1-ip132 "/usr/sbin/init" 2 minutes ago Up 2 minutes 16500-16599/tcp, 0.0.0.0:2202->22/tcp, 0.0.0.0:33132->3306/tcp MHA-LHR-Slave1-ip132
    15. d7d6ce34800b lhrbest/mha-lhr-monitor-ip134 "/usr/sbin/init" 2 minutes ago Up 2 minutes 0.0.0.0:2204->22/tcp, 0.0.0.0:33134->3306/tcp MHA-LHR-Monitor-ip134
    16. dacd22edb2f8 lhrbest/mha-lhr-slave2-ip133 "/usr/sbin/init" 2 minutes ago Up 2 minutes 16500-16599/tcp, 0.0.0.0:2203->22/tcp, 0.0.0.0:33133->3306/tcp MHA-LHR-Slave2-ip133

    2.5 主库131添加VIP

    1. # 进入主库131
    2. docker exec -it MHA-LHR-Master1-ip131 bash
    4. # 添加VIP135
    5. /sbin/ifconfig eth0:1 192.168.68.135/24
    6. ifconfig
    8. # 如果删除的话
    9. ip addr del 192.168.68.135/24 dev eth1

    添加完成后：

    1. [root@MHA-LHR-Master1-ip131 /]# ifconfig
    2. eth0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
    3. inet 192.168.68.131 netmask 255.255.0.0 broadcast 192.168.255.255
    4. ether 02:42:c0:a8:44:83 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)
    5. RX packets 220 bytes 15883 (15.5 KiB)
    6. RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
    7. TX packets 189 bytes 17524 (17.1 KiB)
    8. TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
    10. eth0:1: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
    11. inet 192.168.68.135 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.68.255
    12. ether 02:42:c0:a8:44:83 txqueuelen 0
    13. lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
    14. inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
    15. loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)
    16. RX packets 5 bytes 400 (400.0 B)
    17. RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
    18. TX packets 5 bytes 400 (400.0 B)
    19. TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
    21. # 管理节点已经可以ping通VIP了
    22. [root@MHA-LHR-Monitor-ip134 /]# ping 192.168.68.135
    23. PING 192.168.68.135 (192.168.68.135) 56(84) bytes of data.
    24. 64 bytes from 192.168.68.135: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.172 ms
    25. 64 bytes from 192.168.68.135: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.076 ms
    26. ^C
    27. --- 192.168.68.135 ping statistics ---
    28. 2 packets transmitted, 2 received, 0% packet loss, time 1000ms
    29. rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.076/0.124/0.172/0.048 ms

    到这一步就可以验证主从复制是否正确，若正确，则可以直接测试MHA了。

    1. mysql -uroot -plhr -h192.168.68.131 -P3306
    2. show slave hosts;
    3. mysql> show slave hosts;
    4. +-----------+----------------+------+-----------+--------------------------------------+
    5. | Server_id | Host | Port | Master_id | Slave_UUID |
    6. +-----------+----------------+------+-----------+--------------------------------------+
    7. | 573306133 | 192.168.68.133 | 3306 | 573306131 | d391ce7e-aec3-11ea-94cd-0242c0a84485 |
    8. | 573306132 | 192.168.68.132 | 3306 | 573306131 | d24a77d1-aec3-11ea-9399-0242c0a84484 |
    9. +-----------+----------------+------+-----------+--------------------------------------+
    10. 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

    三、配置ProxySQL环境

    3.1 申请ProxySQL主机并安装ProxySQL

    1. docker rm -f MHA-LHR-ProxySQL-ip136
    2. docker run -d --name MHA-LHR-ProxySQL-ip136 -h MHA-LHR-ProxySQL-ip136
    3. -v /sys/fs/cgroup:/sys/fs/cgroup
    4. --network mhalhr --ip 192.168.68.136
    5. -p 26032:6032 -p 26033:6033 -p 26080:6080
    6. --privileged=true lhrbest/lhrcentos76:8.0
    7. /usr/sbin/init
    9. docker network connect bridge MHA-LHR-ProxySQL-ip136
    10. docker restart MHA-LHR-ProxySQL-ip136
    12. docker cp proxysql2-2.0.15-1.1.el7.x86_64.rpm MHA-LHR-ProxySQL-ip136:/
    13. docker exec -it MHA-LHR-ProxySQL-ip136 bash
    14. rpm -ivh proxysql2-2.0.15-1.1.el7.x86_64.rpm
    17. systemctl start proxysql
    18. systemctl status proxysql

    3.2 添加远程登录用户

    1. -- 添加远程登录用户
    2. mysql -uadmin -padmin -h127.0.0.1 -P6032
    3. select @@admin-admin_credentials;
    4. set admin-admin_credentials='admin:admin;root:lhr';
    5. select @@admin-admin_credentials;
    6. load admin variables to runtime;
    7. save admin variables to disk;
    9. -- 远程登录
    10. mysql -uroot -plhr -h192.168.66.35 -P26032

    执行过程：

    1. -- ProxySQL本地登录
    2. [root@MHA-LHR-ProxySQL-ip136 /]# mysql -uadmin -padmin -h127.0.0.1 -P6032
    3. mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
    4. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
    5. Your MySQL connection id is 162
    6. Server version: 5.5.30 (ProxySQL Admin Module)
    8. Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
    10. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
    11. affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
    12. owners.
    14. Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.
    16. mysql> select @@admin-admin_credentials;
    17. +---------------------------+
    18. | @@admin-admin_credentials |
    19. +---------------------------+
    20. | admin:admin;lhr:lhr |
    21. +---------------------------+
    22. 1 row in set (0.05 sec)
    24. mysql> set admin-admin_credentials='admin:admin;root:lhr';
    25. Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
    27. mysql> select @@admin-admin_credentials;
    28. +---------------------------+
    29. | @@admin-admin_credentials |
    30. +---------------------------+
    31. | admin:admin;root:lhr |
    32. +---------------------------+
    33. 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
    35. mysql> load admin variables to runtime;
    36. Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
    38. mysql> save admin variables to disk;
    39. Query OK, 35 rows affected (0.13 sec)
    41. mysql>
    43. -- 远程登录
    44. C:Userslhrxxt>mysql -uroot -plhr -h192.168.66.35 -P26032
    45. mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
    46. ERROR 1045 (28000): ProxySQL Error: Access denied for user 'root'@'172.17.0.1' (using password: YES)
    48. C:Userslhrxxt>mysql -uroot -plhr -h192.168.66.35 -P26032
    49. mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
    50. Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
    51. Your MySQL connection id is 163
    52. Server version: 5.5.30 (ProxySQL Admin Module)
    54. Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
    56. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
    57. affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
    58. owners.
    60. Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.
    62. MySQL [(none)]> show databases;
    63. +-----+---------------+-------------------------------------+
    64. | seq | name | file |
    65. +-----+---------------+-------------------------------------+
    66. | 0 | main | |
    67. | 2 | disk | /var/lib/proxysql/proxysql.db |
    68. | 3 | stats | |
    69. | 4 | monitor | |
    70. | 5 | stats_history | /var/lib/proxysql/proxysql_stats.db |
    71. +-----+---------------+-------------------------------------+
    72. 5 rows in set (0.05 sec)

    3.3 开启ProxySQL的web监控功能

    1. -- 开启web监控功能
    2. SET admin-web_enabled='true';
    3. LOAD ADMIN VARIABLES TO RUNTIME;
    4. SAVE ADMIN VARIABLES TO DISK;
    5. select * from global_variables where variable_name LIKE 'admin-web_enabled';
    6. select @@admin-web_enabled;
    8. lsof -i:6080
    10. -- 浏览器访问
    11. https://192.168.66.35:26080
    12. 用户名和密码：stats:stats

    3.4 配置被监控的数据库

    3.4.1 向ProxySQL插入被监控数据库

    1. -- 1、向ProxySQL插入被监控数据库
    2. select * from mysql_servers;
    3. insert into main.mysql_servers(hostgroup_id,hostname,port) values(10,'192.168.68.131',3306);
    4. insert into main.mysql_servers(hostgroup_id,hostname,port) values(10,'192.168.68.132',3306);
    5. insert into main.mysql_servers(hostgroup_id,hostname,port) values(10,'192.168.68.133',3306);
    6. load mysql servers to runtime;
    7. save mysql servers to disk;
    8. select * from mysql_servers;
    9. MySQL [(none)]> select * from mysql_servers;
    10. +--------------+----------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
    11. | hostgroup_id | hostname | port | gtid_port | status | weight | compression | max_connections | max_replication_lag | use_ssl | max_latency_ms | comment |
    12. +--------------+----------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
    13. | 10 | 192.168.68.131 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
    14. | 10 | 192.168.68.132 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
    15. | 10 | 192.168.68.133 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
    16. +--------------+----------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
    17. 3 rows in set (0.07 sec)

    3.4.2 在所有被监控MySQL服务器上创建监控帐户

    1. -- 2、在所有被监控MySQL服务器上创建帐户，注意：新版本中，这里的密码必须为monitor，可参考配置文件/etc/proxysql.cnf
    2. mysql -uroot -plhr -h192.168.66.35 -P33131
    3. create user 'monitor'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'monitor';
    4. GRANT all privileges ON *.* TO 'monitor'@'%' with grant option;
    5. select user,host from mysql.user;
    7. mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
    8. +---------------+--------------+
    9. | user | host |
    10. +---------------+--------------+
    11. | mha | % |
    12. | monitor | % |
    13. | repl | % |
    14. | root | % |
    15. | mysql.session | localhost |
    16. | mysql.sys | localhost |
    17. | root | localhost |
    18. +---------------+--------------+
    19. 7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

    3.4.3 在所有被监控MySQL服务器上创建对外访问账户

    1. -- 3、 在所有被监控MySQL服务器上创建对外访问账户：
    2. create user 'wr'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'lhr';
    3. GRANT all privileges ON *.* TO 'wr'@'%' with grant option;
    5. -- 配置到ProxySQL中
    6. insert into mysql_users(username,password,default_hostgroup) values('wr','lhr',10);
    7. update mysql_users set transaction_persistent=1 where username='wr';
    8. load mysql users to runtime;
    9. save mysql users to disk;
    10. select * from mysql_users;
    12. MySQL [(none)]> select * from mysql_users;
    13. +----------+----------+--------+---------+-------------------+----------------+---------------+------------------------+--------------+---------+----------+-----------------+---------+
    14. | username | password | active | use_ssl | default_hostgroup | default_schema | schema_locked | transaction_persistent | fast_forward | backend | frontend | max_connections | comment |
    15. +----------+----------+--------+---------+-------------------+----------------+---------------+------------------------+--------------+---------+----------+-----------------+---------+
    16. | wr | lhr | 1 | 0 | 10 | NULL | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 10000 | |
    17. +----------+----------+--------+---------+-------------------+----------------+---------------+------------------------+--------------+---------+----------+-----------------+---------+
    18. 1 row in set (0.05 sec)

    3.4.4 配置监控

    1. -- 4、在ProxySQL端执行下列SQL语句：
    2. set mysql-monitor_username='monitor';
    3. set mysql-monitor_password='monitor';
    4. load mysql servers to runtime;
    5. save mysql servers to disk;
    6. select * from global_variables where variable_name in('mysql-monitor_username','mysql-monitor_password');
    7. +------------------------+----------------+
    8. | variable_name | variable_value |
    9. +------------------------+----------------+
    10. | mysql-monitor_password | monitor |
    11. | mysql-monitor_username | monitor |
    12. +------------------------+----------------+
    13. 2 rows in set (0.05 sec)
    16. -- 检查连接到MySQL的日志
    17. select * from monitor.mysql_server_ping_log order by time_start_us desc limit 6;
    18. select * from monitor.mysql_server_connect_log order by time_start_us desc limit 6;
    19. MySQL [(none)]> select * from monitor.mysql_server_ping_log order by time_start_us desc limit 6;
    20. +----------------+------+------------------+----------------------+------------+
    21. | hostname | port | time_start_us | ping_success_time_us | ping_error |
    22. +----------------+------+------------------+----------------------+------------+
    23. | 192.168.68.132 | 3306 | 1614050308827202 | 252 | NULL |
    24. | 192.168.68.133 | 3306 | 1614050308716530 | 370 | NULL |
    25. | 192.168.68.131 | 3306 | 1614050308605853 | 542 | NULL |
    26. | 192.168.68.131 | 3306 | 1614050298778908 | 334 | NULL |
    27. | 192.168.68.133 | 3306 | 1614050298690947 | 297 | NULL |
    28. | 192.168.68.132 | 3306 | 1614050298605725 | 344 | NULL |
    29. +----------------+------+------------------+----------------------+------------+
    30. 6 rows in set (0.06 sec)
    32. MySQL [(none)]> select * from monitor.mysql_server_connect_log order by time_start_us desc limit 6;
    33. +----------------+------+------------------+-------------------------+---------------+
    34. | hostname | port | time_start_us | connect_success_time_us | connect_error |
    35. +----------------+------+------------------+-------------------------+---------------+
    36. | 192.168.68.131 | 3306 | 1614050285481316 | 1173 | NULL |
    37. | 192.168.68.133 | 3306 | 1614050284894846 | 1008 | NULL |
    38. | 192.168.68.132 | 3306 | 1614050284309124 | 970 | NULL |
    39. | 192.168.68.131 | 3306 | 1614050225194575 | 1108 | NULL |
    40. | 192.168.68.133 | 3306 | 1614050224751771 | 987 | NULL |
    41. | 192.168.68.132 | 3306 | 1614050224309026 | 1294 | NULL |
    42. +----------------+------+------------------+-------------------------+---------------+
    43. 6 rows in set (0.05 sec)

    3.4.5 配置MySQL主机组

    1. -- 5、实验使用10作为写入组，20作为读取组。
    2. show create table mysql_replication_hostgroupsG;
    3. writer_hostgroup 写入组的编号
    4. reader_hostgroup 读取组的编号
    7. -- 注意：需要配置从库的read_only=1
    8. show variables like 'read_only';
    9. set global read_only=1;
    11. insert into mysql_replication_hostgroups(writer_hostgroup,reader_hostgroup,comment) values(10,20,'proxy');
    12. load mysql servers to runtime;
    13. save mysql servers to disk;
    14. select * from mysql_replication_hostgroups;
    15. select * from mysql_server_read_only_log order by time_start_us desc limit 3;
    16. select * from mysql_servers;
    18. MySQL [(none)]> select * from mysql_replication_hostgroups;
    19. +------------------+------------------+------------+---------+
    20. | writer_hostgroup | reader_hostgroup | check_type | comment |
    21. +------------------+------------------+------------+---------+
    22. | 10 | 20 | read_only | proxy |
    23. +------------------+------------------+------------+---------+
    24. 1 row in set (0.05 sec)
    26. MySQL [(none)]> select * from mysql_server_read_only_log order by time_start_us desc limit 3;
    27. +----------------+------+------------------+-----------------+-----------+-------+
    28. | hostname | port | time_start_us | success_time_us | read_only | error |
    29. +----------------+------+------------------+-----------------+-----------+-------+
    30. | 192.168.68.133 | 3306 | 1614050367153351 | 611 | 1 | NULL |
    31. | 192.168.68.131 | 3306 | 1614050367136396 | 490 | 0 | NULL |
    32. | 192.168.68.132 | 3306 | 1614050367119511 | 531 | 1 | NULL |
    33. +----------------+------+------------------+-----------------+-----------+-------+
    34. 3 rows in set (0.05 sec)
    36. MySQL [(none)]> select * from mysql_servers;
    37. +--------------+----------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
    38. | hostgroup_id | hostname | port | gtid_port | status | weight | compression | max_connections | max_replication_lag | use_ssl | max_latency_ms | comment |
    39. +--------------+----------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
    40. | 10 | 192.168.68.131 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
    41. | 20 | 192.168.68.132 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
    42. | 20 | 192.168.68.133 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
    43. +--------------+----------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
    44. 3 rows in set (0.05 sec)

    注意，此时mysql_servers表中的hostgroup_id值已发生变化。

    3.4.6 配置读写分离策略

    1. -- 6、配置读写分离策略
    2. insert into mysql_query_rules(active,match_pattern,destination_hostgroup,apply) values(1,'^SELECT.*FOR UPDATE$',10,1);
    3. insert into mysql_query_rules(active,match_pattern,destination_hostgroup,apply) values(1,'^SELECT',20,1);
    4. LOAD MYSQL QUERY RULES TO RUNTIME;
    5. SAVE MYSQL QUERY RULES TO DISK;
    7. -- 配置查询select的请求转发到hostgroup_id=2组上（读组）
    8. -- 针对select * from table_name for update这样的修改语句，我们是需要将请求转到写组，也就是hostgroup_id=1
    9. -- 对于其它没有被规则匹配的请求全部转发到默认的组（mysql_users表中default_hostgroup）
    10. select * from mysql_query_rules;
    11. select username,password,default_hostgroup from mysql_users;
    12. MySQL [(none)]> select * from mysql_query_rules;
    13. +---------+--------+----------+------------+--------+-------------+------------+------------+--------+--------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------+---------+-----------------+-----------------------+-----------+--------------------+---------------+-----------+---------+---------+-------+-------------------+----------------+------------------+-----------+--------+-------------+-----------+---------------------+-----+-------+---------+
    14. | rule_id | active | username | schemaname | flagIN | client_addr | proxy_addr | proxy_port | digest | match_digest | match_pattern | negate_match_pattern | re_modifiers | flagOUT | replace_pattern | destination_hostgroup | cache_ttl | cache_empty_result | cache_timeout | reconnect | timeout | retries | delay | next_query_flagIN | mirror_flagOUT | mirror_hostgroup | error_msg | OK_msg | sticky_conn | multiplex | gtid_from_hostgroup | log | apply | comment |
    15. +---------+--------+----------+------------+--------+-------------+------------+------------+--------+--------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------+---------+-----------------+-----------------------+-----------+--------------------+---------------+-----------+---------+---------+-------+-------------------+----------------+------------------+-----------+--------+-------------+-----------+---------------------+-----+-------+---------+
    16. | 1 | 1 | NULL | NULL | 0 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | ^SELECT.*FOR UPDATE$ | 0 | CASELESS | NULL | NULL | 10 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 1 | NULL |
    17. | 2 | 1 | NULL | NULL | 0 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | ^SELECT | 0 | CASELESS | NULL | NULL | 20 | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | NULL | 1 | NULL |
    18. +---------+--------+----------+------------+--------+-------------+------------+------------+--------+--------------+----------------------+----------------------+--------------+---------+-----------------+-----------------------+-----------+--------------------+---------------+-----------+---------+---------+-------+-------------------+----------------+------------------+-----------+--------+-------------+-----------+---------------------+-----+-------+---------+
    19. 2 rows in set (0.05 sec)
    21. MySQL [(none)]> select username,password,default_hostgroup from mysql_users;
    22. +----------+----------+-------------------+
    23. | username | password | default_hostgroup |
    24. +----------+----------+-------------------+
    25. | wr | lhr | 10 |
    26. +----------+----------+-------------------+
    27. 1 row in set (0.05 sec)

    至此，ProxySQL读写分离和负载均衡已配置完成，接下来我们进行测试。

    四、测试读负载均衡

    1. [root@docker35 ~]# for i in $(seq 1 10); do mysql -uwr -plhr -h192.168.68.136 -P6033 -e 'select @@server_id;'; done | egrep '[0-9]'
    2. mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
    3. 573306133
    4. mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
    5. 573306132
    6. mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
    7. 573306132
    8. mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
    9. 573306132
    10. mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
    11. 573306133
    12. mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
    13. 573306133
    14. mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
    15. 573306133
    16. mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
    17. 573306132
    18. mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
    19. 573306132
    20. mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
    21. 573306132
    23. MySQL [(none)]> SELECT * FROM stats.stats_mysql_connection_pool;
    24. +-----------+----------------+----------+--------+----------+----------+--------+---------+-------------+---------+-------------------+-----------------+-----------------+------------+
    25. | hostgroup | srv_host | srv_port | status | ConnUsed | ConnFree | ConnOK | ConnERR | MaxConnUsed | Queries | Queries_GTID_sync | Bytes_data_sent | Bytes_data_recv | Latency_us |
    26. +-----------+----------------+----------+--------+----------+----------+--------+---------+-------------+---------+-------------------+-----------------+-----------------+------------+
    27. | 10 | 192.168.68.131 | 3306 | ONLINE | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 323 |
    28. | 20 | 192.168.68.132 | 3306 | ONLINE | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 6 | 0 | 108 | 84 | 280 |
    29. | 20 | 192.168.68.133 | 3306 | ONLINE | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 72 | 56 | 390 |
    30. +-----------+----------------+----------+--------+----------+----------+--------+---------+-------------+---------+-------------------+-----------------+-----------------+------------+
    31. 3 rows in set (0.06 sec)
    32. -- 可以看到Queries列分配到132和133的从库上。
    34. -- 接下来使用mysqlslap来做压测
    35. [root@docker35 ~]#
    36. [root@docker35 ~]# mysqlslap -uwr -plhr -h192.168.68.136 -P6033 --create-schema=lhrmysqlslap --auto-generate-sql --auto-generate-sql-load-type=read --number-of-queries=100000
    37. mysqlslap: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
    38. Benchmark
    39. Average number of seconds to run all queries: 104.757 seconds
    40. Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 104.757 seconds
    41. Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 104.757 seconds
    42. Number of clients running queries: 1
    43. Average number of queries per client: 100000
    46. MySQL [(none)]> SELECT * FROM stats_mysql_commands_counters WHERE Total_cnt;
    47. +-----------------+---------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+---------+---------+----------+----------+-----------+-----------+--------+--------+---------+----------+
    48. | Command | Total_Time_us | Total_cnt | cnt_100us | cnt_500us | cnt_1ms | cnt_5ms | cnt_10ms | cnt_50ms | cnt_100ms | cnt_500ms | cnt_1s | cnt_5s | cnt_10s | cnt_INFs |
    49. +-----------------+---------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+---------+---------+----------+----------+-----------+-----------+--------+--------+---------+----------+
    50. | CREATE_DATABASE | 90942 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
    51. | CREATE_TABLE | 67954 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
    52. | INSERT | 11337671 | 113 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 69 | 27 | 14 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
    53. | SELECT | 15299552 | 22293 | 263 | 1588 | 18947 | 1453 | 29 | 10 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
    54. | SHOW | 56308 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
    55. | UNKNOWN | 131355 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
    56. +-----------------+---------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+---------+---------+----------+----------+-----------+-----------+--------+--------+---------+----------+
    57. 6 rows in set (0.11 sec)
    59. MySQL [(none)]> SELECT * FROM stats_mysql_commands_counters WHERE Total_cnt;
    60. +-----------------+---------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+---------+---------+----------+----------+-----------+-----------+--------+--------+---------+----------+
    61. | Command | Total_Time_us | Total_cnt | cnt_100us | cnt_500us | cnt_1ms | cnt_5ms | cnt_10ms | cnt_50ms | cnt_100ms | cnt_500ms | cnt_1s | cnt_5s | cnt_10s | cnt_INFs |
    62. +-----------------+---------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+---------+---------+----------+----------+-----------+-----------+--------+--------+---------+----------+
    63. | CREATE_DATABASE | 90942 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
    64. | CREATE_TABLE | 67954 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
    65. | INSERT | 11337671 | 113 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 69 | 27 | 14 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 |
    66. | SELECT | 16494138 | 24050 | 263 | 1744 | 20488 | 1512 | 29 | 10 | 3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
    67. | SHOW | 56308 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
    68. | UNKNOWN | 131355 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
    69. +-----------------+---------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+---------+---------+----------+----------+-----------+-----------+--------+--------+---------+----------+
    70. 6 rows in set (0.07 sec)
    72. MySQL [(none)]> SELECT * FROM stats.stats_mysql_connection_pool;
    73. +-----------+----------------+----------+--------+----------+----------+--------+---------+-------------+---------+-------------------+-----------------+-----------------+------------+
    74. | hostgroup | srv_host | srv_port | status | ConnUsed | ConnFree | ConnOK | ConnERR | MaxConnUsed | Queries | Queries_GTID_sync | Bytes_data_sent | Bytes_data_recv | Latency_us |
    75. +-----------+----------------+----------+--------+----------+----------+--------+---------+-------------+---------+-------------------+-----------------+-----------------+------------+
    76. | 10 | 192.168.68.131 | 3306 | ONLINE | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 107 | 0 | 16464 | 92 | 277 |
    77. | 20 | 192.168.68.132 | 3306 | ONLINE | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 24052 | 0 | 768920 | 335907539 | 306 |
    78. | 20 | 192.168.68.133 | 3306 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 24061 | 0 | 769119 | 335923167 | 381 |
    79. +-----------+----------------+----------+--------+----------+----------+--------+---------+-------------+---------+-------------------+-----------------+-----------------+------------+
    80. 3 rows in set (0.39 sec)
    82. MySQL [(none)]> SELECT hostgroup,schemaname , username , digest , sum_time, count_star, substr(digest_text,1,60) FROM stats_mysql_query_digest where schemaname='lhrmysqlslap' ORDER BY sum_time DESC;
    83. +-----------+--------------+----------+--------------------+----------+------------+---------------------------------------------------------+
    84. | hostgroup | schemaname | username | digest | sum_time | count_star | substr(digest_text,1,60) |
    85. +-----------+--------------+----------+--------------------+----------+------------+---------------------------------------------------------+
    86. | 20 | lhrmysqlslap | wr | 0x91B125A563AED6EB | 65166273 | 100000 | SELECT intcol1,charcol1 FROM t1 |
    87. | 10 | lhrmysqlslap | wr | 0xBCFD962F4A5FFA4B | 1134087 | 99 | INSERT INTO t1 VALUES (?,?) |
    88. | 10 | lhrmysqlslap | wr | 0x50E8C33778819FCD | 23904 | 1 | CREATE TABLE `t1` (intcol1 INT(?) ,charcol1 VARCHAR(?)) |
    89. | 10 | lhrmysqlslap | wr | 0x41B7F05694EF426F | 21351 | 1 | DROP SCHEMA IF EXISTS `lhrmysqlslap` |
    90. +-----------+--------------+----------+--------------------+----------+------------+---------------------------------------------------------+
    91. 4 rows in set (0.08 sec)

    可以看出，负载被分别被分配到132和133上。

    五、测试读写分离

    1. -- 测试读写分离
    2. mysql -uwr -plhr -h192.168.66.35 -P26033
    4. create database test_proxysql;
    5. use test_proxysql;
    6. create table test_tables(name varchar(20),age int(4));
    7. insert into test_tables values('lhr','33');
    8. select * from test_tables;
    11. select * from stats_mysql_query_digest;
    13. MySQL [(none)]> SELECT * FROM stats.stats_mysql_connection_pool;
    14. +-----------+----------------+----------+--------+----------+----------+--------+---------+-------------+---------+-------------------+-----------------+-----------------+------------+
    15. | hostgroup | srv_host | srv_port | status | ConnUsed | ConnFree | ConnOK | ConnERR | MaxConnUsed | Queries | Queries_GTID_sync | Bytes_data_sent | Bytes_data_recv | Latency_us |
    16. +-----------+----------------+----------+--------+----------+----------+--------+---------+-------------+---------+-------------------+-----------------+-----------------+------------+
    17. | 10 | 192.168.68.131 | 3306 | ONLINE | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 165 | 92 | 369 |
    18. | 20 | 192.168.68.132 | 3306 | ONLINE | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 8 | 0 | 142 | 130 | 301 |
    19. | 20 | 192.168.68.133 | 3306 | ONLINE | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 97 | 67 | 341 |
    20. +-----------+----------------+----------+--------+----------+----------+--------+---------+-------------+---------+-------------------+-----------------+-----------------+------------+
    21. 3 rows in set (0.07 sec)
    22. -- 可以看到写操作被分配到131主机上。
    25. -- 其它表的统计信息
    26. SELECT * FROM stats.stats_mysql_connection_pool;
    27. SELECT * FROM stats_mysql_commands_counters WHERE Total_cnt;
    28. SELECT * FROM stats_mysql_query_digest ORDER BY sum_time DESC;
    29. SELECT hostgroup,schemaname , username , digest , sum_time, count_star, substr(digest_text,1,60) FROM stats_mysql_query_digest where schemaname='lhrmysqlslap' ORDER BY sum_time DESC;
    32. -- 清空数据，查询stats_mysql_query_digest_reset表时，会自动从stats_mysql_query_digest中临时抓取数据，并truncate。
    33. SELECT * FROM stats_mysql_query_digest_reset LIMIT 1;
    37. -- 使用sysbench继续读写分离测试
    38. -- 配置MySQL最大连接数：set global max_connections=1000;
    40. sysbench /usr/share/sysbench/oltp_common.lua --time=300 --mysql-host=192.168.68.136 --mysql-port=6033 --mysql-user=wr --mysql-password=lhr --mysql-db=sbtest --table-size=100000 --tables=20 --threads=100 --events=999999999 prepare
    42. sysbench /usr/share/sysbench/oltp_read_write.lua --time=300 --mysql-host=192.168.68.136 --mysql-port=6033 --mysql-user=wr --mysql-password=lhr --mysql-db=sbtest --table-size=10000 --tables=20 --threads=100 --events=999999999 --report-interval=10 --db-ps-mode=disable --forced-shutdown=1 run
    44. sysbench /usr/share/sysbench/oltp_read_only.lua --time=300 --mysql-host=192.168.68.136 --mysql-port=6033 --mysql-user=wr --mysql-password=lhr --mysql-db=sbtest --table-size=10000 --tables=20 --threads=100 --events=999999999 --report-interval=10 --db-ps-mode=disable --forced-shutdown=1 run
    47. -- 查询读写分离的监控数据
    48. MySQL [(none)]> SELECT hostgroup,schemaname , username , digest , sum_time, count_star, substr(digest_text,1,60) FROM stats_mysql_query_digest where schemaname='sbtest' ORDER BY sum_time DESC;
    49. +-----------+------------+----------+--------------------+----------+------------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
    50. | hostgroup | schemaname | username | digest | sum_time | count_star | substr(digest_text,1,60) |
    51. +-----------+------------+----------+--------------------+----------+------------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
    52. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x76607360EFEAC208 | 84059739 | 37 | INSERT INTO sbtest14(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(? |
    53. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x02834C12D1767CBF | 81396186 | 37 | INSERT INTO sbtest19(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(? |
    54. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xF175422CAEB5052B | 80172428 | 37 | INSERT INTO sbtest5(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(?, |
    55. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xD264943870461B52 | 78250552 | 37 | INSERT INTO sbtest9(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(?, |
    56. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x2F9D0B4C12C50457 | 75761155 | 37 | INSERT INTO sbtest13(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(? |
    57. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x0482F61CCAD957B8 | 74841767 | 37 | INSERT INTO sbtest16(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(? |
    58. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x2BA639A0C593250B | 74744554 | 37 | INSERT INTO sbtest20(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(? |
    59. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x131C045B3F7FC633 | 74710835 | 37 | INSERT INTO sbtest12(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(? |
    60. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x9677C76C4DF88251 | 74446715 | 37 | INSERT INTO sbtest6(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(?, |
    61. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x36760936592E8530 | 74289312 | 37 | INSERT INTO sbtest2(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(?, |
    62. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xEFBA5FC0C8412297 | 72425766 | 37 | INSERT INTO sbtest18(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(? |
    63. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xDF47484FFE945EDD | 70572836 | 37 | INSERT INTO sbtest8(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(?, |
    64. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x27D376AC1710C980 | 66516942 | 37 | INSERT INTO sbtest11(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(? |
    65. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x4D433FDEA1B945C1 | 65829143 | 37 | INSERT INTO sbtest10(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(? |
    66. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xFF6D9C6F32545951 | 65739929 | 37 | INSERT INTO sbtest1(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(?, |
    67. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x772AE6B66160E91E | 65271284 | 37 | INSERT INTO sbtest7(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(?, |
    68. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x4F8D29910113CAE6 | 64822306 | 37 | INSERT INTO sbtest15(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(? |
    69. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x7502AE74F4B0113E | 64133812 | 37 | INSERT INTO sbtest4(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(?, |
    70. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x4B083B064FF4F9D9 | 61931719 | 37 | INSERT INTO sbtest17(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(? |
    71. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x3C6D29F861CD6572 | 60387247 | 37 | INSERT INTO sbtest3(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(?, |
    72. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x8965AD5701787BC0 | 33638613 | 1 | CREATE INDEX k_3 ON sbtest3(k) |
    73. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xB12065B0D79AC0DD | 33288092 | 1 | CREATE INDEX k_17 ON sbtest17(k) |
    74. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xC46D61BAA605D7D3 | 32926000 | 1 | CREATE INDEX k_1 ON sbtest1(k) |
    75. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x2BF8C8E7084502D5 | 32904517 | 1 | CREATE INDEX k_7 ON sbtest7(k) |
    76. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x6F22CFB8FF512B02 | 32625659 | 1 | CREATE INDEX k_4 ON sbtest4(k) |
    77. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x14A86D647A425E21 | 31622991 | 1 | CREATE INDEX k_15 ON sbtest15(k) |
    78. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xF9D03F580356BB68 | 31573312 | 1 | CREATE INDEX k_11 ON sbtest11(k) |
    79. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xA43F49E4ADA080FB | 31346640 | 1 | CREATE INDEX k_10 ON sbtest10(k) |
    80. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x922B9C1E888EB4C9 | 29435206 | 1 | CREATE INDEX k_8 ON sbtest8(k) |
    81. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x409A0DA0B5B6EEF9 | 28482669 | 1 | CREATE INDEX k_2 ON sbtest2(k) |
    82. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xE4300864715B3688 | 28000903 | 1 | CREATE INDEX k_20 ON sbtest20(k) |
    83. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x4DE9E56B5EF734F2 | 27918352 | 1 | CREATE INDEX k_6 ON sbtest6(k) |
    84. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x82CE0656182236D8 | 27909444 | 1 | CREATE INDEX k_12 ON sbtest12(k) |
    85. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xFE8EAD5ACC9FEEDE | 27273704 | 1 | CREATE INDEX k_18 ON sbtest18(k) |
    86. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x35A492B2AB47EB41 | 26754664 | 1 | CREATE INDEX k_16 ON sbtest16(k) |
    87. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xF5B52253F5260086 | 21401807 | 1 | CREATE INDEX k_9 ON sbtest9(k) |
    88. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xA1B769A0F4E9637C | 21271034 | 1 | CREATE INDEX k_13 ON sbtest13(k) |
    89. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xFBE6F4A5E871D069 | 21202873 | 1 | CREATE INDEX k_5 ON sbtest5(k) |
    90. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x004D21922AA0CC4C | 19075137 | 1 | CREATE INDEX k_19 ON sbtest19(k) |
    91. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x6057175824222B09 | 18110480 | 1 | CREATE INDEX k_14 ON sbtest14(k) |
    92. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x5143272478FE391F | 5837193 | 1 | INSERT INTO sbtest13(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(? |
    93. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xD9E2214392AB9E0D | 2791511 | 1 | INSERT INTO sbtest9(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(?, |
    94. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x4AC5841F976F5A1A | 1686763 | 2 | CREATE TABLE sbtest5( id INTEGER NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, k |
    95. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x0E320961406063D2 | 1608309 | 1 | INSERT INTO sbtest3(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(?, |
    96. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x1886E479A84E6EF3 | 1364378 | 1 | INSERT INTO sbtest19(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(? |
    97. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xDC0701A550CF81E1 | 1315637 | 2 | CREATE TABLE sbtest14( id INTEGER NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, k |
    98. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xDE42F97C93E70D2F | 1213739 | 2 | CREATE TABLE sbtest9( id INTEGER NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, k |
    99. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x69426F34842FCBCB | 1167716 | 1 | INSERT INTO sbtest16(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(? |
    100. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x3455DC796FFE13FF | 1096589 | 2 | CREATE TABLE sbtest19( id INTEGER NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, k |
    101. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xCB672EA01B2BCC66 | 1059624 | 2 | CREATE TABLE sbtest18( id INTEGER NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, k |
    102. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x68A680665F3A4F7F | 1046881 | 1 | INSERT INTO sbtest18(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(? |
    103. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x988823E25FA87160 | 1008422 | 2 | CREATE TABLE sbtest7( id INTEGER NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, k |
    104. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x630131CEA842636C | 941575 | 1 | INSERT INTO sbtest17(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(? |
    105. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xCFABCFBA3338DFE6 | 883756 | 2 | CREATE TABLE sbtest13( id INTEGER NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, k |
    106. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x38C679BD1A2B850D | 800858 | 2 | CREATE TABLE sbtest20( id INTEGER NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, k |
    107. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xA8C074E066D84361 | 745750 | 2 | CREATE TABLE sbtest2( id INTEGER NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, k |
    108. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x644F2A01D1AEE6F0 | 618114 | 1 | INSERT INTO sbtest8(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(?, |
    109. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xA6A432C624F814B1 | 588508 | 1 | INSERT INTO sbtest7(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(?, |
    110. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xAC072AB4E74DCA04 | 587709 | 1 | INSERT INTO sbtest1(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(?, |
    111. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x6A5DF2EE9E492E4E | 544548 | 1 | INSERT INTO sbtest4(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(?, |
    112. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xB483ABDF2ACB307D | 523796 | 2 | CREATE TABLE sbtest16( id INTEGER NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, k |
    113. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xDD3B26A209175EF7 | 520238 | 1 | INSERT INTO sbtest10(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(? |
    114. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x1061831367EE99C7 | 453881 | 1 | INSERT INTO sbtest14(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(? |
    115. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x7F93BDE97051D79A | 440020 | 2 | CREATE TABLE sbtest6( id INTEGER NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, k |
    116. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x806A9CCB80119BE2 | 417349 | 2 | CREATE TABLE sbtest1( id INTEGER NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, k |
    117. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x43CA6E3D0072BCBE | 402073 | 2 | CREATE TABLE sbtest12( id INTEGER NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, k |
    118. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xA204975AD230A23B | 400655 | 2 | CREATE TABLE sbtest8( id INTEGER NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, k |
    119. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x11E6BAC23207DD78 | 381162 | 1 | INSERT INTO sbtest2(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(?, |
    120. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x42B1839D8797EDCB | 379488 | 1 | INSERT INTO sbtest12(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(? |
    121. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x583CBA28271C4365 | 357866 | 2 | CREATE TABLE sbtest4( id INTEGER NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, k |
    122. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x6ACC6500F6722004 | 340867 | 2 | CREATE TABLE sbtest15( id INTEGER NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, k |
    123. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x5408EB0F722B3B6F | 324340 | 2 | CREATE TABLE sbtest10( id INTEGER NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, k |
    124. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xCD3FA57950F3E362 | 293837 | 1 | INSERT INTO sbtest5(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(?, |
    125. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x4196561D18B78360 | 285839 | 1 | INSERT INTO sbtest20(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(? |
    126. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xE7DCF83C81EDEA8D | 265476 | 2 | CREATE TABLE sbtest11( id INTEGER NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, k |
    127. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xFA3A3817BE19ABB3 | 250778 | 2 | CREATE TABLE sbtest3( id INTEGER NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, k |
    128. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x6B8F384E1250D83C | 247460 | 2 | CREATE TABLE sbtest17( id INTEGER NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, k |
    129. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x26E4B187688CC6BE | 218255 | 1 | INSERT INTO sbtest6(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(?, |
    130. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0x9E18B2E0420BA351 | 200861 | 1 | INSERT INTO sbtest15(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(? |
    131. | 10 | sbtest | wr | 0xAB7D4ACFF578DC61 | 199109 | 1 | INSERT INTO sbtest11(k, c, pad) VALUES(?, ?, ?),(?, ?, ?),(? |
    132. +-----------+------------+----------+--------------------+----------+------------+--------------------------------------------------------------+
    133. 80 rows in set (0.71 sec)
    135. MySQL [(none)]> SELECT * FROM stats_mysql_commands_counters WHERE Total_cnt;
    136. +-----------------+---------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+---------+---------+----------+----------+-----------+-----------+--------+--------+---------+----------+
    137. | Command | Total_Time_us | Total_cnt | cnt_100us | cnt_500us | cnt_1ms | cnt_5ms | cnt_10ms | cnt_50ms | cnt_100ms | cnt_500ms | cnt_1s | cnt_5s | cnt_10s | cnt_INFs |
    138. +-----------------+---------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+---------+---------+----------+----------+-----------+-----------+--------+--------+---------+----------+
    139. | BEGIN | 2793013652 | 15681 | 95 | 888 | 1864 | 5806 | 2671 | 2882 | 447 | 266 | 33 | 533 | 190 | 6 |
    140. | COMMIT | 4360624460 | 15575 | 3 | 31 | 58 | 191 | 138 | 1031 | 2337 | 9827 | 1369 | 590 | 0 | 0 |
    141. | CREATE_DATABASE | 99871 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
    142. | CREATE_INDEX | 556762097 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 20 |
    143. | CREATE_TABLE | 13849772 | 43 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 21 | 1 | 11 | 4 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
    144. | DELETE | 603363949 | 14940 | 45 | 197 | 1637 | 5575 | 2424 | 2997 | 771 | 1081 | 136 | 77 | 0 | 0 |
    145. | INSERT | 1734742355 | 15812 | 38 | 339 | 1872 | 6251 | 2484 | 2887 | 586 | 590 | 138 | 605 | 21 | 1 |
    146. | SELECT | 3704563235 | 319925 | 965 | 12937 | 109961 | 96434 | 40564 | 44484 | 7667 | 6460 | 376 | 77 | 0 | 0 |
    147. | UPDATE | 1788596841 | 29900 | 45 | 166 | 2336 | 9589 | 4487 | 6847 | 2123 | 3682 | 445 | 180 | 0 | 0 |
    148. | SHOW | 58391 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
    149. | UNKNOWN | 152706 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
    150. +-----------------+---------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+---------+---------+----------+----------+-----------+-----------+--------+--------+---------+----------+
    151. 11 rows in set (0.11 sec)

    可以观察到读写分离的数据。

    六、故障切换

    在Manager节点检查SSH、复制及MHA的状态。

    1. docker exec -it MHA-LHR-Monitor-ip134 bash
    2. masterha_check_ssh --conf=/etc/mha/mha.cnf
    3. masterha_check_repl --conf=/etc/mha/mha.cnf
    4. masterha_check_status --conf=/etc/mha/mha.cnf
    6. -- 启动MHA监控进程
    7. nohup masterha_manager --conf=/etc/mha/mha.cnf --ignore_last_failover < /dev/null > /usr/local/mha/manager_start.log 2>&1 &
    9. --关闭MHA监控进程
    10. masterha_stop --conf=/etc/mha/mha.cnf
    13. [root@MHA-LHR-Monitor-ip134 /]# masterha_check_status --conf=/etc/mha/mha.cnf
    14. mha (pid:3738) is running(0:PING_OK), master:192.168.68.131

    接下来，宕掉主库，继续观察ProxySQL的情况：

    1. -- 宕掉主库
    2. docker stop MHA-LHR-Master1-ip131

    MHA自动执行了故障转移，主库切换为132，并发送告警邮件：

    此时，来查看ProxySQL的情况：

    1. MySQL [(none)]> select * from mysql_servers;
    2. +--------------+----------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
    3. | hostgroup_id | hostname | port | gtid_port | status | weight | compression | max_connections | max_replication_lag | use_ssl | max_latency_ms | comment |
    4. +--------------+----------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
    5. | 10 | 192.168.68.132 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
    6. | 20 | 192.168.68.131 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
    7. | 20 | 192.168.68.133 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
    8. | 20 | 192.168.68.132 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
    9. +--------------+----------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
    10. 4 rows in set (0.05 sec)
    12. MySQL [(none)]> select * from runtime_mysql_servers;
    13. +--------------+----------------+------+-----------+---------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
    14. | hostgroup_id | hostname | port | gtid_port | status | weight | compression | max_connections | max_replication_lag | use_ssl | max_latency_ms | comment |
    15. +--------------+----------------+------+-----------+---------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
    16. | 10 | 192.168.68.132 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
    17. | 20 | 192.168.68.131 | 3306 | 0 | SHUNNED | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
    18. | 20 | 192.168.68.133 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
    19. | 20 | 192.168.68.132 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
    20. +--------------+----------------+------+-----------+---------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
    21. 4 rows in set (1.26 sec)

    可以发现131已经变成SHUNNED状态，ProxySQL会避开这个主机。

    此时再做压测等操作，所有负载会被分配到132和133上，此处不再测试。

    接下来启动131，并以从库的身份加入原主从环境：

    1. -- 启动131
    2. docker start MHA-LHR-Master1-ip131
    4. -- 在134的日志文件中找到恢复的语句
    5. grep "All other slaves should start replication from here" /usr/local/mha/manager_running.log
    7. -- 在131上执行恢复
    8. mysql -uroot -plhr -h192.168.68.131 -P3306
    9. CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='192.168.68.132',
    10. MASTER_PORT=3306,
    11. MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1,
    12. MASTER_USER='repl',
    13. MASTER_PASSWORD='lhr';
    15. start slave;
    16. show slave status G
    18. -- 设置只读
    19. set global read_only=1;

    查询ProxySQL：

    1. MySQL [(none)]> select * from mysql_servers;
    2. +--------------+----------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
    3. | hostgroup_id | hostname | port | gtid_port | status | weight | compression | max_connections | max_replication_lag | use_ssl | max_latency_ms | comment |
    4. +--------------+----------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
    5. | 10 | 192.168.68.132 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
    6. | 20 | 192.168.68.131 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
    7. | 20 | 192.168.68.133 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
    8. | 20 | 192.168.68.132 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
    9. +--------------+----------------+------+-----------+--------+--------+-------------+-----------------+---------------------+---------+----------------+---------+
    10. 4 rows in set (0.06 sec)

    可以看到131为只读。若想让132只写，则可以删除相关记录：

    ```sql
    MySQL [(none)]> delete from mysql_servers where hostgroup_id=20 and hostname=’192.168.68.132’;
    Query OK, 1 row affected (0.06 sec)

    MySQL [(none)]> load mysql servers to runtime;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.68 sec)

    MySQL [(none)]> save mysql servers to disk;
    Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.10 sec)

    MySQL [(none)]> select * from mysql_servers;
    +———————+————————+———+—————-+————+————+——————-+————————-+——————————-+————-+————————+————-+
    | hostgroup_id | hostname | port | gtid_port | status | weight | compression | max_connections | max_replication_lag | use_ssl | max_latency_ms | comment |
    +———————+————————+———+—————-+————+————+——————-+————————-+——————————-+————-+————————+————-+
    | 10 | 192.168.68.132 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
    | 20 | 192.168.68.131 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
    | 20 | 192.168.68.133 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | |
    +———————+————————+———+—————-+————+————+——————-+————————-+——————————-+————-+————————+————-+
    3 rows in set (0.05 sec)

    MySQL [(none)]> select * from runtime_mysql_servers;
    +———————+————————+———+—————-+————+————+——————-+————————-+——————————-+————-+————————+————-+
    | hostgroup_id | hostname | port | gtid_port | status | weight | compression | max_connections | max_replication_lag | use_ssl | max_latency_ms | comment |
    +———————+————————+———+—————-+————+————+——————-+————————-+——————————-+————-+————————+————-+
    | 10 | 192.168.68.132 | 3306 | 0 | ONLINE | 1 | 0 | 1000 | 0
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  • 原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/yaoyangding/p/14635819.html
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