从0开始学习maven搭建spring+mybatis框架

这几天没有什么事情做，就自己学一些技术，想想自己从上班以来还没有自己搭建一个开发环境，以前总是有些懒，总是看文档不想动手，现在想尝试一下，从零开始（ps:在实习的时候，我搭spring+mybatis框架用了一个星期，最后还是由师傅帮我搭的，那时候从没学过javaweb，在完成查看各种资料，可是发现按照网上的搭建出来，却总是报错，那时候就想着自己一定要写一篇完成的搭建过程，供新人阅读，现在开始啦！）

1、首先建立一个java工程 Testhaha（不必为动态web项目），右键项目 configer --->convert to maven project ; convert to fatced from ;即将项目转换成maven项目。

2、创建目录结构如下：

 

</pre></p><p><span style="font-size:14px">注意：java项目转换成maven管理后，目录结构并不是这样的，要自己进行转换：</span></p><p><span style="font-size:14px">右键项目->new->folder->src/main/java ; 右键（main.java）->build path->use as source folder 及可成为如图所示结构</span></p><p><span style="font-size:14px">3、编写配置文件</span></p><p><span style="font-size:14px">web.xml</span></p><p><span style="font-size:14px"></span></p><pre name="code" class="html"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
  id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
   <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
  <!-- 上下文 集成web环境 -->
  	<context-param>  
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>  
      <param-value>  
          /WEB-INF/spring-servlet.xml,  
          /WEB-INF/spring-mybatis.xml  
      </param-value>  
	</context-param>  
	<listener>  
		<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>  
	</listener>
	<!-- 过滤器  防止数据库乱码 --> <!-- 用于解决post 提交的乱码 -->
    <filter>
	    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
	    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
	    <init-param>
	      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
	      <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
	    </init-param>
	    <init-param>
	      <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
	      <param-value>true</param-value>
	    </init-param>
	  </filter>
	 
	  <filter-mapping>
	    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
	    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>	<!-- 这里使用/*，表示在访问任何页面时都要通过该过滤器 -->
	  </filter-mapping> 
	 <!-- 1、 前端控制器的配置 （执行完成后即可将请求交给spring-servlet.xml 进行控制）-->
	 
	 <!-- 自此请求已交给 Spring Web MVC 框架处理，因此我们需要配置 Spring 的配置文件，默认 DispatcherServlet 会加
	载 WEB-INF/[DispatcherServlet 的 Servlet 名 字 ]-servlet.xml 配 置 文 件 。 本 示 例 为 WEB-INF/
	spring-servlet.xml。 -->
	
	  <servlet>
	    <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>  
	    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
	    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> <!-- 容器启动时初始化该servlet -->
  	  </servlet>
	  <servlet-mapping>
	    <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
	    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>  <!-- 哪些请求交给Dispatcherservlet 处理 -->
	  </servlet-mapping>
	  <servlet>
	    <servlet-name>html</servlet-name>
	    <servlet-class>org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet</servlet-class>
	    <load-on-startup>3</load-on-startup>
	  </servlet>
	  <servlet-mapping>
	    <servlet-name>html</servlet-name>
	    <url-pattern>*.html</url-pattern>
	  </servlet-mapping>
	</web-app>

spring-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">
     <!-- spring -->     
    <!-- 启用spring mvc 注解 -->
    <context:annotation-config />

    <!-- 设置使用注解的类所在的包 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="Controller"></context:component-scan>
    <!-- 完成请求和注解POJO的映射 -->
    <bean
      class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">
      <property name="messageConverters">
        <bean
          class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter">
          <property name="supportedMediaTypes">
            <list>
              <value>text/plain;charset=utf-8</value>
              <value>text/html;charset=utf-8</value>
              <value>text/json;charset=utf-8</value>
              <value>application/json;charset=utf-8</value>
            </list>
          </property>
        </bean>
      </property>
    </bean>
  </beans>

spring-mybatis.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
  xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
  xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
  xsi:schemaLocation="
			http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd
			http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
			http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
			http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
			http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd">
 <!-- 注：classpath指WEB-INF下的class目录 -->
 <mvc:annotation-driven />
  <tx:annotation-driven proxy-target-class="true"
    transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
  <!-- 采用注释的方式配置bean -->
  <context:annotation-config />
  <bean
    class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
    <property name="locations">
      <list>
        <value>/WEB-INF/sql.properties</value>
      </list>
    </property>
  </bean>
  <!-- 获取数据源 -->
  <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
    destroy-method="close">
    <property name="driverClassName">
      <value>${db.driver}</value>
    </property>
    <property name="url">
      <value>${db.url}</value>
    </property>
    <property name="username">
      <value>${db.username}</value>
    </property>
    <property name="password">
      <value>${db.password}</value>
    </property>
    <property name="maxActive">
      <value>${db.maxActive}</value>
    </property>
    <property name="maxIdle">
      <value>${db.maxIdle}</value>
    </property>
  </bean>
  <bean id="transactionManager"
    class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
  </bean>
  <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
  </bean>
  
</beans>			

如上三个xml文件即为spring+mybatis的配置文件。

注：使用maven管理项目，实现自动下载jar包，当jar包不足时，启动项目会报错。

pom.xml:

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>Testhaha</groupId>
  <artifactId>Testhaha</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <name>Testhaha</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  <properties>
    <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
    <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
    <java.version>1.7</java.version>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
  </properties>
  
  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
      <version>1.2.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
      <version>3.2.9.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>3.2.8.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
      <version>3.2.8.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
      <version>3.2.3.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
      <artifactId>quartz</artifactId>
      <version>2.2.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
   <version>3.2.8.RELEASE</version>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
   <version>3.2.8.RELEASE</version>
  </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
      <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
      <version>1.4</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
      <version>2.5.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
      <version>2.5.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
      <version>1.9.4</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
      <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
      <version>3.2.8</version>
    </dependency>
    
    
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
      <version>3.2.4.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.5</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    
  </dependencies>
  
  <build>
    <sourceDirectory>src</sourceDirectory>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
        <version>3.0</version>
        <configuration>
          <source>1.7</source>
          <target>1.7</target>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
</project>

classpath:一般指tomcat目录下的class的存放目录，即/WEB-INF/classes 目录。

这样配置也是有原因的，以后再讲吧，现在头有点乱。

注意：要配置扫描包文件； /WEB-INF/classes下的文件有访问权限，只有tomcate能够访问，后台程序不能访问。