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二进制安装

下载解压 MySQL

链接：MySQL 下载 提取码：bc52

• 将下载的 mysql 通过文件传输工具移到 /usr/local

• 解压 : tar -xvf mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

• 删除源码包 : rm -f mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

• 修改文件名 : mv mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64/ mysql

• 进入mysql创建 data 文件夹 和 log 文件夹 : cd mysql/ && mkdir data && mkdir log

清除历史环境

[root@bogon mysql]# rpm -qa |grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.44-2.el7.centos.x86_64

[root@bogon mysql]# yum remove mariadb-libs.x86_64 -y

创建 mysql 用户组和 mysql 用户

#查看有没有mysql组
[root@localhost mysql]# cat /etc/group | grep mysql
#查看有没有mysql用户
[root@localhost mysql]# cat /etc/passwd |grep mysql
#创建mysql用户组
[root@localhost mysql]# groupadd mysql
#创建mysql用户并添加到mysql用户组中(//useradd -r参数表示mysql用户是系统用户，不可用于登录系统；第一个mysql是用户组，第二个mysql是用户)
[root@localhost mysql]# useradd -r -g mysql mysql
#检查用户组是否创建成功
[root@localhost mysql]# groups mysql
mysql : mysql

设置 mysql 目录访问权限，用户组

#将mysql目录访问权限赋为myql用户
[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R mysql /usr/local/mysql
#改变mysql目录的用户组属于mysql组
[root@localhost mysql]# chgrp -R mysql /usr/local/mysql
#查看mysql目录下所有的目录及文件夹所属组合用户
[root@bogon mysql]# cd /usr/local/mysql && ll
总用量 40
drwxr-xr-x.  2 mysql mysql  4096 7月  17 11:23 bin
-rw-r--r--.  1 mysql mysql 17987 12月 28 2017 COPYING
drwxr-xr-x.  2 mysql mysql     6 7月  19 15:47 data
drwxr-xr-x.  2 mysql mysql    52 7月  17 11:24 docs
drwxr-xr-x.  3 mysql mysql  4096 7月  17 11:23 include
drwxr-xr-x.  5 mysql mysql  4096 7月  17 11:24 lib
drwxr-xr-x.  2 mysql mysql     6 7月  19 15:47 log
drwxr-xr-x.  4 mysql mysql    28 7月  17 11:23 man
-rw-r--r--.  1 mysql mysql  2478 12月 28 2017 README
drwxr-xr-x. 28 mysql mysql  4096 7月  17 11:24 share
drwxr-xr-x.  2 mysql mysql    86 7月  17 11:24 support-files

修改环境变量

#配置环境变量
[root@bogon mysql]# vim /etc/profile
export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH
#生效配置
[root@bogon mysql]# source /etc/profile
#验证mysql
[root@bogon mysql]# mysql -V
mysql  Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.21, for linux-glibc2.12 (x86_64) using  EditLine wrapper

初始化 mysql

5.7 版本

[root@localhost mysql]# cd /usr/local/mysql/ && bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/
2020-02-24T15:20:51.505520Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2020-02-24T15:21:16.611890Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2020-02-24T15:21:20.895476Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2020-02-24T15:21:21.075717Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 4facfa2a-5719-11ea-9d4a-000c291546c6.
2020-02-24T15:21:21.119139Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2020-02-24T15:21:21.162719Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: Rzm%WwopR0yp

可能会报错: bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libnuma.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

原因：yum安装的是libnuma.so.1，但安装时默认安装的是32位的，而db2需要的是64位的

#如果已经安装了libnuma.so.1，先yum remove libnuma.so.1
yum remove libnuma.so.1
#安装依赖包
yum -y install numactl.x86_64

5.6 版本

[root@localhost mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/

配置文件设置

[root@bogon mysql]# vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]
user=mysql
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
server_id=1
port=3306
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
[mysql]
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock

配置启动脚本

cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

启动 mysql

[root@bogon mysql]# service mysql start
Starting MySQL.Logging to '/usr/local/mysql/data/bogon.err'.
 SUCCESS!

#查看mysql状态
/etc/init.d/mysql status 或者 service mysql status
#启动mysql
/etc/init.d/mysql start 或者 service mysql start
#停止mysql
/etc/init.d/mysql stop 或者 service mysql stop
#重新启动mysql
/etc/init.d/mysql restart 或者 service mysql restart
#查看mysql服务说明启动成功
ps -ef|grep mysql

配置 mysql 到环境变量

[root@bogon ~]# vi /root/.bash_profile

# .bash_profile

# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
        . ~/.bashrc
fi

# User specific environment and startup programs
export MYSQL_HOME=/usr/local/mysql/bin
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin::${MYSQL_HOME}

export PATH

#设置环境变量立即生效
[root@localhost tmp]# source /root/.bash_profile

重置密码

mysql> ALTER USER USER() IDENTIFIED BY '123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> quit;
Bye

退出使用设置的密码重新登录

添加远程访问账号

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@"%" identified by '123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.01 sec)

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

开放3306端口

[root@localhost mysql]# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
success
[root@localhost mysql]# firewall-cmd --reload
success

多实例

准备多个数据和日志目录

[root@bogon /]# mkdir -p /data/330{7,8,9}/data
[root@bogon /]# mkdir -p /log/330{7,8,9}

准备配置文件

cat > /data/3307/my.cnf <<EOF
[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/3307/data
socket=/tmp/mysql3307.sock
log_error=/data/3307/mysql.log
port=3307
server_id=7
log_bin=/data/3307/mysql-bin
EOF

cat > /data/3308/my.cnf <<EOF
[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/3308/data
socket=/tmp/mysql3308.sock
log_error=/data/3308/mysql.log
port=3308
server_id=8
log_bin=/data/3308/mysql-bin
EOF

cat > /data/3309/my.cnf <<EOF
[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/3309/data
socket=/tmp/mysql3309.sock
log_error=/data/3309/mysql.log
port=3309
server_id=9
log_bin=/data/3309/mysql-bin
EOF

授权目录权限

[root@bogon data]# chown -R mysql.mysql /data/* /log/*

将原有配置文件设置为备份文件

[root@bogon log]# mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.bak

初始化三套数据

[root@bogon /]# cd /usr/local/mysql/

[root@bogon mysql]# bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/data/3307/data
=/data/3309/data2020-07-19T13:04:19.622157Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2020-07-19T13:04:19.911293Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2020-07-19T13:04:19.965577Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2020-07-19T13:04:20.033509Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 5bdcfe6e-c9c0-11ea-b3cf-000c297d79ef.
2020-07-19T13:04:20.034703Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2020-07-19T13:04:20.038381Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: AyLafdD>7+?U
[root@bogon mysql]# bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/data/3308/data
2020-07-19T13:04:23.193064Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2020-07-19T13:04:23.670815Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2020-07-19T13:04:23.744085Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2020-07-19T13:04:23.807425Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 5e1cd94b-c9c0-11ea-b528-000c297d79ef.
2020-07-19T13:04:23.808725Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2020-07-19T13:04:23.812885Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: (C+(Inkut6A&
[root@bogon mysql]# bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/data/3309/data
2020-07-19T13:04:40.336162Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2020-07-19T13:04:41.433808Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2020-07-19T13:04:41.582865Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2020-07-19T13:04:41.643617Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 68be6f77-c9c0-11ea-b64c-000c297d79ef.
2020-07-19T13:04:41.645015Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2020-07-19T13:04:41.646244Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: ew6f;)7b(ygF

systemd 管理多实例

[root@bogon systemd]# cat > /etc/systemd/system/mysqld3307.service <<EOF
> [Unit]
> Description=MySQL Server
> Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
> Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
> After=network.target
> After=syslog.target
> [Install]
> WantedBy=multi-user.target
> [Service]
> User=mysql
> Group=mysql
> ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/3307/my.cnf
> LimitNOFILE = 5000
> EOF
ttp://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/3308/my.cnf
LimitNOFILE = 5000
E[root@bogon systemd]#
[root@bogon systemd]# cat > /etc/systemd/system/mysqld3308.service <<EOF
> [Unit]
> Description=MySQL Server
> Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
> Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
> After=network.target
> After=syslog.target
> [Install]
> WantedBy=multi-user.target
> [Service]
> User=mysql
> Group=mysql
> ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/3308/my.cnf
> LimitNOFILE = 5000
> EOF
[root@bogon systemd]#
[root@bogon systemd]# cat > /etc/systemd/system/mysqld3309.service <<EOF
> [Unit]
> Description=MySQL Server
> Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
> Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
> After=network.target
> After=syslog.target
> [Install]
> WantedBy=multi-user.target
> [Service]
> User=mysql
> Group=mysql
> ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/3309/my.cnf
> LimitNOFILE = 5000
> EOF

启动

[root@bogon system]# systemctl start mysqld3307.service && systemctl start mysqld3308.service && systemctl start mysqld3309.service

验证多实例

[root@bogon system]# netstat -lnp|grep 330
tcp6       0      0 :::3307                 :::*                    LISTEN      46793/mysqld
tcp6       0      0 :::3308                 :::*                    LISTEN      46799/mysqld
tcp6       0      0 :::3309                 :::*                    LISTEN      46805/mysqld
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     176408   46793/mysqld         /tmp/mysql3307.sock
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     176411   46805/mysqld         /tmp/mysql3309.sock
unix  2      [ ACC ]     STREAM     LISTENING     176405   46799/mysqld         /tmp/mysql3308.sock

登陆多实例

#多实例的登录一定要指定特定的socket
[root@bogon system]# mysql -uroot -p'AyLafdD>7+?U'  -S /tmp/mysql3307.sock
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.21-log

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