Oracle redo 日志损坏的几种情况下的恢复
第一：损坏的redo为非正在使用的redo log
1、归档模式，不是当前正在日志损坏，数据库打开模式。
模拟损坏：
SQL> select * from v$log;
GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES BLOCKSIZE MEMBERS ARC STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIM NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- ---
1 1 388 52428800 512 1 YES INACTIVE 5385552 27-OCT-13 5385555 27-OCT-13
2 1 389 52428800 512 1 YES INACTIVE 5385555 27-OCT-13 5385558 27-OCT-13
3 1 390 52428800 512 1 NO CURRENT 5385558 27-OCT-13 2.8147E+14
4 1 387 52428800 512 1 YES INACTIVE 5385548 27-OCT-13 5385552 27-OCT-13
SQL> !rm redo02.log
SQL> !ls -l
total 3647744
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 9977856 Oct 27 17:36 control01.ctl
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 362422272 Oct 27 17:35 example01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 62922752 Oct 27 17:35 index_tablespace.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 17:35 redo01.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 17:35 redo03.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 17:35 redo04.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 25 16:45 redo4_1.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 17:35 Rhys_Amy.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 17:35 statspack.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 671096832 Oct 27 17:35 sysaux01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 796925952 Oct 27 17:35 system01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 44048384 Oct 27 16:18 temp01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 17:35 undotbs02.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 5251072 Oct 27 17:35 users01.dbf
SQL>
日志提示错误：
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
Errors in file /opt/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/rhys/RHYS/trace/RHYS_arc2_1758.trc:
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 2 of thread 1
ORA-00312: online log 2 thread 1: '/opt/app/oracle/oradata/RHYS/redo02.log'
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
Master background archival failure: 313
日常出现错误，提示不能获得该文件状态，数据无法进行日志切换
解决办法：
1、注意不需要重启数据库，只需要把日志清除即可。
SQL> alter database clear unarchived logfile group 2;
Database altered.
SQL> alter system switch logfile;
System altered.
SQL>
SQL> !ls -l
total 3698948
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 9977856 Oct 27 17:41 control01.ctl
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 362422272 Oct 27 17:39 example01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 62922752 Oct 27 17:39 index_tablespace.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 17:40 redo01.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 17:41 redo02.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 17:38 redo03.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 17:38 redo04.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 25 16:45 redo4_1.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 17:39 Rhys_Amy.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 17:39 statspack.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 671096832 Oct 27 17:39 sysaux01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 796925952 Oct 27 17:39 system01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 44048384 Oct 27 16:18 temp01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 17:39 undotbs02.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 5251072 Oct 27 17:39 users01.dbf
2、归档模式，不是当前正在日志损坏，数据库关闭模式。
演示过程：
SQL> set linesize 200
SQL> select * from v$log;
select * from v$log
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
Process ID: 0
Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 492707840 bytes
Fixed Size 2254544 bytes
Variable Size 322963760 bytes
Database Buffers 163577856 bytes
Redo Buffers 3911680 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> alter database open;
alter database open
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-03113: end-of-file on communication channel
Process ID: 3489
Session ID: 1 Serial number: 5
日志提示：
Errors in file /opt/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/rhys/RHYS/trace/RHYS_ora_3489.trc:
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 1 of thread
ORA-00312: online log 2 thread 1: '/opt/app/oracle/oradata/RHYS/redo02.log'
Sun Oct 27 17:45:25 2013
ARC1 started with pid=21, OS id=3493
USER (ospid: 3489): terminating the instance due to error 313
Sun Oct 27 17:45:25 2013
System state dump requested by (instance=1, osid=3489), summary=[abnormal instance termination].
System State dumped to trace file /opt/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/rhys/RHYS/trace/RHYS_diag_3458_20131027174525.trc
Dumping diagnostic data in directory=[cdmp_20131027174525], requested by (instance=1, osid=3489), summary=[abnormal instance termination].
Instance terminated by USER, pid = 3489
解决办法：
在数据库启动的时候清除日志，然后open数据库：
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 492707840 bytes
Fixed Size 2254544 bytes
Variable Size 322963760 bytes
Database Buffers 163577856 bytes
Redo Buffers 3911680 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> alter database clear logfile group 2;
alter database clear logfile group 2
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00350: log 2 of instance RHYS (thread 1) needs to be archived
ORA-00312: online log 2 thread 1: '/opt/app/oracle/oradata/RHYS/redo02.log'
SQL> alter database clear unarchived logfile group 2;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.
SQL>
3、数据库打开模式，非归档模式，非当前日志损坏
模拟过程：
SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode No Archive Mode
Automatic archival Disabled
Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence 402
Current log sequence 405
SQL> !rm redo02.log
SQL> !ls -l
total 3647744
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 9977856 Oct 27 17:54 control01.ctl
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 362422272 Oct 27 17:54 example01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 62922752 Oct 27 17:54 index_tablespace.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 17:54 redo01.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 17:54 redo03.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 17:54 redo04.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 25 16:45 redo4_1.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 17:54 Rhys_Amy.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 17:54 statspack.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 671096832 Oct 27 17:54 sysaux01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 796925952 Oct 27 17:54 system01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 44048384 Oct 27 16:18 temp01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 17:54 undotbs02.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 5251072 Oct 27 17:54 users01.dbf
SQL> r
1* alter system switch logfile
System altered.
SQL> r
1* alter system switch logfile
System altered.
SQL> r
1* alter system switch logfile
System altered.
SQL> r
1* alter system switch logfile
System altered.
SQL> r
1* alter system switch logfile
System altered.
SQL> r
1* alter system switch logfile
System altered.
SQL> r
1* alter system switch logfile
System altered.
SQL> r
1* alter system switch logfile
SQL>
在执行dml语句，以及切换日志都成功，但是数据库启动后报错。
日志文件如下：
Errors in file /opt/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/rhys/RHYS/trace/RHYS_ora_3779.trc:
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 1 of thread
ORA-00312: online log 2 thread 1: '/opt/app/oracle/oradata/RHYS/redo02.log'
USER (ospid: 3779): terminating the instance due to error 313
System state dump requested by (instance=1, osid=3779), summary=[abnormal instance termination].
System State dumped to trace file /opt/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/rhys/RHYS/trace/RHYS_diag_3749_20131027175926.trc
Dumping diagnostic data in directory=[cdmp_20131027175926], requested by (instance=1, osid=3779), summary=[abnormal instance termination].
Instance terminated by USER, pid = 3779
解决方案：
只需要把损坏的日志文件清除日志组即可。
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 492707840 bytes
Fixed Size 2254544 bytes
Variable Size 322963760 bytes
Database Buffers 163577856 bytes
Redo Buffers 3911680 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> alter database clear logfile group 2;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.
SQL>
4、非归档模式、数据库关闭、不是正在使用的日志文件损坏。
模拟过程：
SQL> select * from v$log;
GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES BLOCKSIZE MEMBERS ARC STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIM NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- --------- ------------ ---------
1 1 450 52428800 512 1 NO CURRENT 5388976 27-OCT-13 2.8147E+14
2 1 449 52428800 512 1 NO INACTIVE 5388970 27-OCT-13 5388976 27-OCT-13
3 1 447 52428800 512 1 NO INACTIVE 5388964 27-OCT-13 5388967 27-OCT-13
4 1 448 52428800 512 1 NO INACTIVE 5388967 27-OCT-13 5388970 27-OCT-13
SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> !rm redo02.log
SQL> !ls -l
total 3647744
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 9977856 Oct 27 18:06 control01.ctl
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 362422272 Oct 27 18:06 example01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 62922752 Oct 27 18:06 index_tablespace.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 18:06 redo01.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 18:05 redo03.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 18:05 redo04.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 25 16:45 redo4_1.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 18:06 Rhys_Amy.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 18:06 statspack.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 671096832 Oct 27 18:06 sysaux01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 796925952 Oct 27 18:06 system01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 44048384 Oct 27 16:18 temp01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 18:06 undotbs02.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 5251072 Oct 27 18:06 users01.dbf
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 492707840 bytes
Fixed Size 2254544 bytes
Variable Size 322963760 bytes
Database Buffers 163577856 bytes
Redo Buffers 3911680 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-03113: end-of-file on communication channel
Process ID: 4087
Session ID: 1 Serial number: 5
日志告警
Additional information: 3
Errors in file /opt/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/rhys/RHYS/trace/RHYS_ora_4087.trc:
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 1 of thread
ORA-00312: online log 2 thread 1: '/opt/app/oracle/oradata/RHYS/redo02.log'
USER (ospid: 4087): terminating the instance due to error 313
System state dump requested by (instance=1, osid=4087), summary=[abnormal instance termination].
System State dumped to trace file /opt/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/rhys/RHYS/trace/RHYS_diag_4057_20131027180649.trc
Dumping diagnostic data in directory=[cdmp_20131027180649], requested by (instance=1, osid=4087), summary=[abnormal instance termination].
Instance terminated by USER, pid = 4087
恢复方法：
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 492707840 bytes
Fixed Size 2254544 bytes
Variable Size 322963760 bytes
Database Buffers 163577856 bytes
Redo Buffers 3911680 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> alter database clear logfile group 2;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.
SQL>
该方法与第三中方法一样。
总结，对于不是当前使用的归档日志损坏，归档模式需要使用alter database clear unarchived 命令清空日志 组即可。对于非归档模式需要使用alter system clear 日志文件组即可。
第二、当前正在使用的日志文件损坏
1、归档模式，数据库open状态、当前正在使用的日志文件损坏
模拟过程：
QL> !ls -l
total 3698948
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 9977856 Oct 27 18:27 control01.ctl
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 362422272 Oct 27 18:10 example01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 62922752 Oct 27 18:10 index_tablespace.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 18:26 redo01.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 18:10 redo02.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 18:10 redo03.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 18:10 redo04.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 25 16:45 redo4_1.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 18:10 Rhys_Amy.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 18:10 statspack.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 671096832 Oct 27 18:26 sysaux01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 796925952 Oct 27 18:26 system01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 44048384 Oct 27 16:18 temp01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 18:26 undotbs02.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 5251072 Oct 27 18:10 users01.dbf
SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence 447
Next log sequence to archive 450
Current log sequence 450
SQL> set linesize 200
SQL> select * from v$log;
GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES BLOCKSIZE MEMBERS ARC STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIM NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- --------- ------------ ---------
1 1 450 52428800 512 1 NO CURRENT 5388976 27-OCT-13 2.8147E+14
2 1 0 52428800 512 1 YES UNUSED 5388970 27-OCT-13 5388976 27-OCT-13
3 1 447 52428800 512 1 YES INACTIVE 5388964 27-OCT-13 5388967 27-OCT-13
4 1 448 52428800 512 1 YES INACTIVE 5388967 27-OCT-13 5388970 27-OCT-13
SQL> !rm redo01.log
SQL> !ls -l
total 3647744
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 9977856 Oct 27 18:28 control01.ctl
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 362422272 Oct 27 18:10 example01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 62922752 Oct 27 18:10 index_tablespace.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 18:10 redo02.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 18:10 redo03.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 18:10 redo04.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 25 16:45 redo4_1.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 18:10 Rhys_Amy.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 18:10 statspack.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 671096832 Oct 27 18:28 sysaux01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 796925952 Oct 27 18:28 system01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 44048384 Oct 27 16:18 temp01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 18:28 undotbs02.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 5251072 Oct 27 18:10 users01.dbf
SQL>
日志信息提示：
Additional information: 3
Errors in file /opt/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/rhys/RHYS/trace/RHYS_arc2_4228.trc:
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 1 of thread 1
ORA-00312: online log 1 thread 1: '/opt/app/oracle/oradata/RHYS/redo01.log'
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
Master background archival failure: 313
解决方法：
由于这个时候，虽然当前日志是正在被使用的，但是我们可以先进行切换日志之后，然后执行clear操作。
SQL> alter system checkpoint;
System altered.
SQL> !rm redo01.log;
SQL> alter system checkpoint;
System altered.
SQL> alter database clear unarchived logfile group 1;
alter database clear unarchived logfile group 1
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01624: log 1 needed for crash recovery of instance RHYS (thread 1)
ORA-00312: online log 1 thread 1: '/opt/app/oracle/oradata/RHYS/redo01.log'
SQL> alter database switch logfile;
alter database switch logfile
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-02000: missing ALL keyword
SQL> alter system switch logfile;
System altered.
SQL> select * from v$log;
GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES BLOCKSIZE MEMBERS ARC STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIM NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- --------- ------------ ---------
1 1 458 52428800 512 1 NO INACTIVE 5397246 27-OCT-13 5397347 27-OCT-13
2 1 459 52428800 512 1 NO CURRENT 5397347 27-OCT-13 2.8147E+14
3 1 456 52428800 512 1 YES INACTIVE 5397237 27-OCT-13 5397240 27-OCT-13
4 1 457 52428800 512 1 YES INACTIVE 5397240 27-OCT-13 5397246 27-OCT-13
SQL> alter database clear unarchived logfile group 1;
Database altered.
SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL>
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 492707840 bytes
Fixed Size 2254544 bytes
Variable Size 322963760 bytes
Database Buffers 163577856 bytes
Redo Buffers 3911680 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL>
2、归档模式，数据库open状态、当前正在使用的日志文件损坏，并且正常关闭数据库。
模拟过程：
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 492707840 bytes
Fixed Size 2254544 bytes
Variable Size 322963760 bytes
Database Buffers 163577856 bytes
Redo Buffers 3911680 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> archive log list;
Database log mode Archive Mode
Automatic archival Enabled
Archive destination USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Oldest online log sequence 0
Next log sequence to archive 459
Current log sequence 459
SQL> select * from v$log;
GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES BLOCKSIZE MEMBERS ARC STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIM NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- --------- ------------ ---------
1 1 0 52428800 512 1 YES UNUSED 5397246 27-OCT-13 5397347 27-OCT-13
2 1 459 52428800 512 1 NO CURRENT 5397347 27-OCT-13 2.8147E+14
3 1 456 52428800 512 1 YES INACTIVE 5397237 27-OCT-13 5397240 27-OCT-13
4 1 457 52428800 512 1 YES INACTIVE 5397240 27-OCT-13 5397246 27-OCT-13
SQL> !rm redo02.log;
SQL> !ls -ltr
total 3647744
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 25 16:45 redo4_1.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 44048384 Oct 27 19:21 temp01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 19:26 redo01.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 19:26 redo03.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 19:26 redo04.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 796925952 Oct 27 19:26 system01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 671096832 Oct 27 19:26 sysaux01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 5251072 Oct 27 19:26 users01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 362422272 Oct 27 19:26 example01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 19:26 statspack.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 19:26 Rhys_Amy.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 62922752 Oct 27 19:26 index_tablespace.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 19:26 undotbs02.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 9977856 Oct 27 19:27 control01.ctl
SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 492707840 bytes
Fixed Size 2254544 bytes
Variable Size 322963760 bytes
Database Buffers 163577856 bytes
Redo Buffers 3911680 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-03113: end-of-file on communication channel
Process ID: 5110
Session ID: 1 Serial number: 5
SQL> select open_mode from v$database;
ERROR:
ORA-03114: not connected to ORACLE
SQL> exit
解决办法，只需要进行启动到mount状态下，然后clear损坏日志即可。
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
[oracle@oracle-one RHYS]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Sun Oct 27 19:28:33 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup mount;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 492707840 bytes
Fixed Size 2254544 bytes
Variable Size 322963760 bytes
Database Buffers 163577856 bytes
Redo Buffers 3911680 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> alter database clear unarchived logfile group 2;
Database altered.
SQL> alter database open;
Database altered.
SQL>
3、归档模式，数据库open状态、当前正在使用的日志文件损坏，并且异常关闭数据库。
模拟过程：
SQL> set linesize 200;
SQL> select * from v$log;
GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES BLOCKSIZE MEMBERS ARC STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIM NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- --------- ------------ ---------
1 1 460 52428800 512 1 NO CURRENT 5397348 27-OCT-13 2.8147E+14
2 1 0 52428800 512 1 YES UNUSED 5397347 27-OCT-13 5397348 27-OCT-13
3 1 456 52428800 512 1 YES INACTIVE 5397237 27-OCT-13 5397240 27-OCT-13
4 1 457 52428800 512 1 YES INACTIVE 5397240 27-OCT-13 5397246 27-OCT-13
SQL> !rm redo01.log
SQL> !ls -l
total 3647744
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 9977856 Oct 27 19:32 control01.ctl
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 362422272 Oct 27 19:29 example01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 62922752 Oct 27 19:29 index_tablespace.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 19:29 redo02.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 19:29 redo03.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 27 19:29 redo04.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 52429312 Oct 25 16:45 redo4_1.log
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 19:29 Rhys_Amy.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 19:29 statspack.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 671096832 Oct 27 19:29 sysaux01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 796925952 Oct 27 19:29 system01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 44048384 Oct 27 19:21 temp01.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 524296192 Oct 27 19:29 undotbs02.dbf
-rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 5251072 Oct 27 19:29 users01.dbf
SQL> shutdown abort;
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL>
解决办法：
这时候我们有两种办法，一种是使用备份进行恢复，另一种是使用隐含参数。介绍第二种：
SQL> set verify off
SQL> @getsp.sql
Enter value for par: allow_resetlogs_
KSPPINM KSPPSTVL KSPPDESC
-------------------------------------------------- -------------------- ------------------------------------------------------------
_allow_resetlogs_corruption FALSE allow resetlogs even if it will cause corruption
SQL>
该参数是在数据库 不一致的情况下，重置日志文件。
SQL> alter system set "_allow_resetlogs_corruption"=true scope=spfile;
System altered.
SQL> shutdown immediate
ORA-01109: database not open
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup;
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 492707840 bytes
Fixed Size 2254544 bytes
Variable Size 322963760 bytes
Database Buffers 163577856 bytes
Redo Buffers 3911680 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 1 of thread 1
ORA-00312: online log 1 thread 1: '/opt/app/oracle/oradata/RHYS/redo01.log'
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
SQL> set linesize 200
SQL> select * from v$log;
GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES BLOCKSIZE MEMBERS ARC STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIM NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- --- ---------------- ------------- --------- ------------ ---------
1 1 460 52428800 512 1 NO CURRENT 5397348 27-OCT-13 2.8147E+14
4 1 457 52428800 512 1 YES INACTIVE 5397240 27-OCT-13 5397246 27-OCT-13
3 1 456 52428800 512 1 YES INACTIVE 5397237 27-OCT-13 5397240 27-OCT-13
2 1 0 52428800 512 1 YES UNUSED 5397347 27-OCT-13 5397348 27-OCT-13
SQL> alter database open resetlogs;
Database altered.
SQL>
重建实例然后使用expdp和impdp，将数据导出在导入数据库
SQL> create directory expdp as '/opt/app/oracle/oradata';
Directory created.
然后导出数据重建数据库，在导入数据。
总结：对于当前正在使用的日志的损坏，一般通过备份来修复，如果不行只能采用第二种设置隐含参数_allow_resetlogs_corruption来恢复。