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  • SpringMVC:自定义视图及其执行过程

    一:自定义视图

    1、自定义一个实现View接口的类,添加@Component注解,将其放入SpringIOC容器

    package com.zzj.view;
    
    import java.io.PrintWriter;
    import java.util.Map;
    
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    import org.springframework.web.servlet.View;
    
    @Component
    public class ToView implements View{
    
        @Override
        public String getContentType() {
        
            return "text/html";
        }
    
        @Override
        public void render(Map<String, ?> model, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
                throws Exception {
            PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
            out.print("Hello View");
            out.flush();
            out.close();
            
        }
    
    }

    2、配置视图解析器,使用视图名字解析视图

    order属性用于设定视图解析器的优先级,order值越小优先级越高,InternalResourceViewResolver优先级为Integer所能表示的最大值

    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.BeanNameViewResolver" p:order="0"></bean>

    3、Controller定义Handler方法,该方法返回自定义视图的名字(默认情况下为首字母小写的类名)

    @RequestMapping("helloView")
    public String helloView() {
        return "toView";
    }

    4、启动服务器,访问相关页面,成功

    二、执行过程

    根据springMVC的执行请求过程可知(https://www.cnblogs.com/yimengxianzhi/p/12323544.html)

    我们发送请求后必定会执行DispatcherServlet中的doDispatch方法:

     获取到请求相关的数据和视图名,随后我们执行Handler方法返回一个视图:

    随后我们执行processDispatchResult方法:

    若整个过程没有异常则执行render方法,若有异常则执行如下方法,定义异常视图:

    我们查看render方法,在此处进行了视图的适配:

     而此处resolverViewName就已经获取到了我们自定义的视图(优先级高的先获取)

     随后根据给定的视图名构建自定义视图,就会返回到我们自定义的视图界面了

    三、自定义视图的应用示例

    自定义Excel视图

    1、添加相关jar包:

     2、自定义Excel视图

    package com.zzj.view;
    
    import java.io.OutputStream;
    import java.util.List;
    import java.util.Map;
    
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
    
    import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Cell;
    import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.CellStyle;
    import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Row;
    import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Sheet;
    import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
    import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.document.AbstractXlsView;
    
    import com.zzj.userinfo.vo.UserInfo;
    
    @Component
    public class ExcelView extends AbstractXlsView {
    
        @Override
        protected void buildExcelDocument(Map<String, Object>model, Workbook workbook, HttpServletRequest request,
                HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
            String fileName = "用户信息.xls";
            response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
            response.setContentType("application/ms-excel");
            response.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "inline; filename=" + new String(fileName.getBytes(), "iso8859-1"));
            OutputStream outputStream = response.getOutputStream();
    
            @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
            List<UserInfo> userInfoes = (List<UserInfo>) model.get("userInfoes");
            // 产生Excel表头
            Sheet sheet = workbook.createSheet("基本信息");
            sheet.setColumnWidth(0, 35*256);//设置第一列列宽
            sheet.setColumnWidth(1, 10*256);//设置第二列列宽
            sheet.setColumnWidth(2, 15*256);//设置第三列列宽
            sheet.setColumnWidth(3, 30*256);//设置第四列列宽
            
            CellStyle cellStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();
            cellStyle.setAlignment(CellStyle.ALIGN_CENTER); // 水平布局:居中
            cellStyle.setVerticalAlignment(CellStyle.VERTICAL_CENTER);// 垂直布局:居中
            
            // 标题列
            Row header = sheet.createRow(0);
            header.setRowStyle(cellStyle);
            header.setHeightInPoints(20);// 设置行高
            Cell idCell = header.createCell(0);
            idCell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);//设置单元格样式
            idCell.setCellValue("ID");//设置单元格内容
            Cell nameCell = header.createCell(1);
            nameCell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);
            nameCell.setCellValue("姓名");
            Cell mobileCell = header.createCell(2);
            mobileCell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);
            mobileCell.setCellValue("手机号");
            Cell addressCell = header.createCell(3);
            addressCell.setCellStyle(cellStyle);
            addressCell.setCellValue("家庭地址");
    
            int rowNumber = 1;
            for (UserInfo userInfo : userInfoes) {
                Row row = sheet.createRow(rowNumber++);
                row.setHeightInPoints(18);// 设置行高
                row.createCell(0).setCellValue(userInfo.getId());
                row.createCell(1).setCellValue(userInfo.getName());
                row.createCell(2).setCellValue(userInfo.getMobile());
                row.createCell(3).setCellValue(userInfo.getAddress());
            }
            workbook.write(outputStream);
            outputStream.flush();
            outputStream.close();
        }
    }

    3、配置视图解析器

    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.BeanNameViewResolver" p:order="0"></bean>

    4、Controller定义Handler方法,该方法中指定响应Excel视图

    @RequestMapping("toView.do")
    public ModelAndView excel(){
        
        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView("excelView");
        
        List<UserInfo>userInfoes = new ArrayList<UserInfo>();
        String id = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
        userInfoes.add(new UserInfo(id, "Lucy", "18898763401", "吉林省长春市宽城区"));
        id = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
        userInfoes.add(new UserInfo(id, "Kate", "17749219035", "河南省郑州市高新区升龙又一城"));
        modelAndView.addObject("userInfoes", userInfoes);
        return modelAndView;
        
    }

    5、启动服务器,访问相关页面链接即可创建

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/yimengxianzhi/p/12375356.html
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