13.多级代理下Nginx透传真实IP

1.基于代理(七层负载均衡)情况下 透传客户端的真实IP

环境:

10.0.0.5 proxy_node1 一级代理
10.0.0.6 proxy_node2 二级代理
10.0.0.7 proxy_node3 三级代理
10.0.0.8 webserver 真实节点
域名:ip.cheng.com 解析 --> 10.0.0.5

1.一级代理proxy_node1 Nginx配置如下:

[root@lb01 conf.d]# cat proxy_ip.cheng.com.conf 
server {
	listen 80;
	server_name ip.cheng.com;

	location / {
	proxy_pass http://10.0.0.6;
	proxy_http_version 1.1;
	proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
	proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
	proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;	
	}
}

2.二级代理proxy_node2 Nginx配置如下:

[root@lb02 conf.d]# cat proxy_ip.cheng.com.conf 
server {
	listen 80;
	server_name ip.cheng.com;

	location / {
	proxy_pass http://10.0.0.7;
	proxy_http_version 1.1;
	proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
	proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
	proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;	
	}
}

3.三级代理proxy_node3 Nginx配置如下:

[root@web01 conf.d]# cat proxy_ip.cheng.com.conf 
server {
	listen 80;
	server_name ip.cheng.com;

	location / {
	proxy_pass http://10.0.0.8;
	proxy_http_version 1.1;
	proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
	proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
	proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;	
	}
}

4.WebServer Nginx配置如下:

[root@web02 conf.d]# cat proxy_ip.cheng.com.conf 
server {
	listen 80;
	server_name ip.cheng.com;
	root /code;

	location / {
	index index.php index.html;
	}

	location ~ .php$ {
	fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
	fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
	include fastcgi_params;
	}
}

5.测试方式一，通过如下页面获取真实IP，或查看 phpinfo() 函数中的 HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR

[root@web02 code]# cat index.php 
<?php
	$ip = getenv("HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR");
	echo "X_FORWARDED_FOR: $ip";
?>

6.测试方式二，通过查看日志测试

2.Nginx RealIP获取真实IP

使用nginx Realip_module获取多级代理下的客户端真实IP地址,在真实Web节点上配置，配置信息如下：

[root@web02 conf.d]# cat proxy_ip.cheng.com.conf 
server {
	listen 80;
	server_name ip.cheng.com;
	root /code;
	set_real_ip_from 10.0.0.5;
	set_real_ip_from 10.0.0.6;
	set_real_ip_from 10.0.0.7;
	real_ip_header   X-Forwarded-For;
	real_ip_recursive on;

	location / {
	index index.php index.html;
	}

	location ~ .php$ {
	fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
	fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
	include fastcgi_params;
	}
}

最终结果是"10.0.0.1 - - "GET /index.php HTTP/1.1" 200 "10.0.0.5, 10.0.0.6"
10.0.0.5，10.0.0.6都出现在set_real_ip_from中，仅仅10.0.0.1没出现，那么他就被认为是用户的ip地址，同时会被赋值到 $remote_addr变量中。

获取真实IP总结：
forwarded-for：可以获取到用户的真实IP地址。
nginx realip：程序无需改动，直接使用remote_addr变量即可获取真实IP地址，但需要知道所有沿途经过的IP地址或IP段