Linux操作系统的curl命令的基本使用
作者：尹正杰
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一.curl工具概述
curl是基于URL语法在命令行方式下工作的文件传输工具，它支持FTP，FTPS，HTTP，HTTPS，GOPHER，TELNET，DICT，FILE及LDAP等协议;
curl支持HTTPS认证，并且支持HTTP的POST、PUT等方法， FTP上传， kerberos认证，HTTP上传，代理服务器，cookies，用户名/密码认证， 下载文件断点续传，上载文件断点续传, http代理服务器管道（ proxy tunneling）;
curl还支持IPv6，socks5代理服务器，通过http代理服务器上传文件到FTP服务器等，功能十分强大。
二.curl工具常用选项高数
语法格式： curl [options] [URL...] 常用选项如下所示: -A/--user-agent <string>: 设置用户代理发送给服务器 -e/--referer <URL>: 来源网址 --cacert <file>: CA证书 (SSL) -k/--insecure: 允许忽略证书进行 SSL 连接 --compressed: 要求返回是压缩的格式 -H/--header <line>: 自定义首部信息传递给服务器 -i: 显示页面内容，包括报文首部信息 -I/--head: 只显示响应报文首部信息 -D/--dump-header <file>: 将url的header信息存放在指定文件中 --basic: 使用HTTP基本认证
-u/--user <user[:password]>: 设置服务器的用户和密码
-L: 如果有3xx响应码，重新发请求到新位置
-O: 使用URL中默认的文件名保存文件到本地
-o <file>: 将网络文件保存为指定的文件中
--limit-rate <rate>: 设置传输速度
-0/--http1.0: 数字0，使用HTTP 1.0
-v/--verbose: 更详细 -C: 选项可对文件使用断点续传功能
-c/--cookie-jar <file name>: 将url中cookie存放在指定文件中
-x/--proxy <proxyhost[:port]>: 指定代理服务器地址
-X/--request <command>: 向服务器发送指定请求方法
-U/--proxy-user <user:password>: 代理服务器用户和密码
-T: 选项可将指定的本地文件上传到FTP服务器上
--data/-d: 方式指定使用POST方式传递数据
-b name=data: 从服务器响应set-cookie得到值，返回给服务器
三.curl命令测试HTTP协议实战案例
1>."-A/--user-agent <string>"案例
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl -A 'Chrome/78.0.3904.108 Safari/537.36' http://node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn #设置用户代理发送给服务器,其实就是封装了请求报文中的"User-Agent"参数，可以结合"-v"选项查看的更详细。 <h1>尹正杰到此一游</h1> [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl --user-agent 'Firefox/108 ' http://node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn <h1>尹正杰到此一游</h1> [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# ss -tnl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:* LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:* LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::* [root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# [root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /var/www/html/index.html -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 31 Dec 10 22:17 /var/www/html/index.html [root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# [root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /var/www/html/index.html <h1>尹正杰到此一游</h1> [root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# [root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# tail -10f /var/log/httpd/access_log #查看服务端日志，观察请求日志信息 ...... 172.30.1.101 - - [10/Dec/2019:22:22:42 +0800] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 31 "-" "Chrome/78.0.3904.108 Safari/537.36" 172.30.1.101 - - [10/Dec/2019:22:27:59 +0800] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 31 "-" "Firefox/108"
2>."-v/--verbose"案例显示一次的http请求的通信过程
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl -A 'Chrome/78.0.3904.108 Safari/537.36' http://node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn -v #显示http请求的通信过程，包括request，response，以及正文。 * About to connect() to node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn port 80 (#0) * Trying 172.30.1.107... * Connected to node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn (172.30.1.107) port 80 (#0) > GET / HTTP/1.1 > User-Agent: Chrome/78.0.3904.108 Safari/537.36 > Host: node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn > Accept: */* > < HTTP/1.1 200 OK < Date: Tue, 10 Dec 2019 14:18:12 GMT < Server: Apache/2.4.6 (CentOS) PHP/5.4.16 < Last-Modified: Tue, 10 Dec 2019 14:17:04 GMT < ETag: "1f-5995a2a997640" < Accept-Ranges: bytes < Content-Length: 31 < Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 < <h1>尹正杰到此一游</h1> * Connection #0 to host node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn left intact [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
3>."-e/--referer <URL>"案例
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl -e "www.baidu.com" http://node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn -v #指定来源网址为"www.baidu.com" * About to connect() to node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn port 80 (#0) * Trying 172.30.1.107... * Connected to node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn (172.30.1.107) port 80 (#0) > GET / HTTP/1.1 > User-Agent: curl/7.29.0 > Host: node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn > Accept: */* > Referer: www.baidu.com > < HTTP/1.1 200 OK < Date: Tue, 10 Dec 2019 14:45:15 GMT < Server: Apache/2.4.6 (CentOS) PHP/5.4.16 < Last-Modified: Tue, 10 Dec 2019 14:17:04 GMT < ETag: "1f-5995a2a997640" < Accept-Ranges: bytes < Content-Length: 31 < Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 < <h1>尹正杰到此一游</h1> * Connection #0 to host node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn left intact [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# ss -tnl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:* LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:* LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::* [root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# [root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /var/www/html/index.html -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 31 Dec 10 22:17 /var/www/html/index.html [root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# [root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /var/www/html/index.html <h1>尹正杰到此一游</h1> [root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# [root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# tail -10f /var/log/httpd/access_log #查看服务端日志，观察请求日志信息 ...... 172.30.1.101 - - [10/Dec/2019:22:45:15 +0800] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 31 "www.baidu.com" "curl/7.29.0"
4>."-I/--head"案例
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl -I http://node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn #只显示响应报文首部信息 HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Tue, 10 Dec 2019 14:52:36 GMT Server: Apache/2.4.6 (CentOS) PHP/5.4.16 Last-Modified: Tue, 10 Dec 2019 14:17:04 GMT ETag: "1f-5995a2a997640" Accept-Ranges: bytes Content-Length: 31 Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl --head http://node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Tue, 10 Dec 2019 14:52:45 GMT Server: Apache/2.4.6 (CentOS) PHP/5.4.16 Last-Modified: Tue, 10 Dec 2019 14:17:04 GMT ETag: "1f-5995a2a997640" Accept-Ranges: bytes Content-Length: 31 Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# ss -tnl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:* LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:* LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::* [root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# [root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /var/www/html/index.html -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 31 Dec 10 22:17 /var/www/html/index.html [root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# [root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /var/www/html/index.html <h1>尹正杰到此一游</h1> [root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# [root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# tail -10f /var/log/httpd/access_log #查看服务端日志，观察请求日志信息 ...... 172.30.1.101 - - [10/Dec/2019:22:52:36 +0800] "HEAD / HTTP/1.1" 200 - "-" "curl/7.29.0" 172.30.1.101 - - [10/Dec/2019:22:52:45 +0800] "HEAD / HTTP/1.1" 200 - "-" "curl/7.29.0"
5>."-i"案例
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl -i http://node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn #显示页面内容，包括报文首部信息 HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Tue, 10 Dec 2019 14:54:52 GMT Server: Apache/2.4.6 (CentOS) PHP/5.4.16 Last-Modified: Tue, 10 Dec 2019 14:17:04 GMT ETag: "1f-5995a2a997640" Accept-Ranges: bytes Content-Length: 31 Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 <h1>尹正杰到此一游</h1> [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
[root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# ss -tnl State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:* LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:* LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::* [root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# [root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll /var/www/html/index.html -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 31 Dec 10 22:17 /var/www/html/index.html [root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# [root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /var/www/html/index.html <h1>尹正杰到此一游</h1> [root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# [root@node107.yizhengjie.org.cn ~]# tail -10f /var/log/httpd/access_log #查看服务端日志，观察请求日志信息 ...... 172.30.1.101 - - [10/Dec/2019:22:54:52 +0800] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 31 "-" "curl/7.29.0"
6>."--cacert <file>"案例
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl https://www.yinzhengjie.org.cn --cacert /etc/httpd/conf.d/ssl/cacert.pem #使用证书检查访问网页 <h1>尹正杰到此一游</h1> [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
7>."-k/--insecure"案例
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl -k https://www.yinzhengjie.org.cn --cacert /etc/httpd/conf.d/ssl/cacert.pem #忽略证书检查访问网页 <h1>尹正杰到此一游</h1> [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
8>."-c/--cookie-jar <file name>"案例
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl -c /root/cookie.txt http://node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn/setcookie.php # 将url中cookie存放在指定文件中 [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat /root/cookie.txt # Netscape HTTP Cookie File # http://curl.haxx.se/docs/http-cookies.html # This file was generated by libcurl! Edit at your own risk. node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn FALSE / FALSE 0 department IT node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn FALSE / FALSE 1575993782 user Jason [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
9>."-X/--request <command>"案例
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl -X PUT www.baidu.com #向服务端发送指定请求的方法，此处我们指定的方法是PUT，下面依次提交的方法是GET,DELETE以及POST方法。 [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl -X GET www.baidu.com [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl -X DELETE www.baidu.com [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl -X POST www.baidu.com [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
10>."-D/--dump-header <file>"案例
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll total 0 [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl -D yinzhengjie.html http://node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn #显示整个网页数据，并将响应头信息存入yinzhengjie.html <h1>尹正杰到此一游</h1> [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# ll total 4 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 252 Dec 10 23:35 yinzhengjie.html [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# cat yinzhengjie.html HTTP/1.1 200 OK Date: Tue, 10 Dec 2019 15:35:18 GMT Server: Apache/2.4.6 (CentOS) PHP/5.4.16 Last-Modified: Tue, 10 Dec 2019 14:17:04 GMT ETag: "1f-5995a2a997640" Accept-Ranges: bytes Content-Length: 31 Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8 [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
11>."-u/--user <user[:password]>"案例
如下图所示,我用自己的用户名登陆我们公司的OA账号信息。
12>.查看帮助
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# curl --help Usage: curl [options...] <url> Options: (H) means HTTP/HTTPS only, (F) means FTP only --anyauth Pick "any" authentication method (H) -a, --append Append to target file when uploading (F/SFTP) --basic Use HTTP Basic Authentication (H) --cacert FILE CA certificate to verify peer against (SSL) --capath DIR CA directory to verify peer against (SSL) -E, --cert CERT[:PASSWD] Client certificate file and password (SSL) --cert-type TYPE Certificate file type (DER/PEM/ENG) (SSL) --ciphers LIST SSL ciphers to use (SSL) --compressed Request compressed response (using deflate or gzip) -K, --config FILE Specify which config file to read --connect-timeout SECONDS Maximum time allowed for connection -C, --continue-at OFFSET Resumed transfer offset -b, --cookie STRING/FILE String or file to read cookies from (H) -c, --cookie-jar FILE Write cookies to this file after operation (H) --create-dirs Create necessary local directory hierarchy --crlf Convert LF to CRLF in upload --crlfile FILE Get a CRL list in PEM format from the given file -d, --data DATA HTTP POST data (H) --data-ascii DATA HTTP POST ASCII data (H) --data-binary DATA HTTP POST binary data (H) --data-urlencode DATA HTTP POST data url encoded (H) --delegation STRING GSS-API delegation permission --digest Use HTTP Digest Authentication (H) --disable-eprt Inhibit using EPRT or LPRT (F) --disable-epsv Inhibit using EPSV (F) -D, --dump-header FILE Write the headers to this file --egd-file FILE EGD socket path for random data (SSL) --engine ENGINGE Crypto engine (SSL). "--engine list" for list -f, --fail Fail silently (no output at all) on HTTP errors (H) -F, --form CONTENT Specify HTTP multipart POST data (H) --form-string STRING Specify HTTP multipart POST data (H) --ftp-account DATA Account data string (F) --ftp-alternative-to-user COMMAND String to replace "USER [name]" (F) --ftp-create-dirs Create the remote dirs if not present (F) --ftp-method [MULTICWD/NOCWD/SINGLECWD] Control CWD usage (F) --ftp-pasv Use PASV/EPSV instead of PORT (F) -P, --ftp-port ADR Use PORT with given address instead of PASV (F) --ftp-skip-pasv-ip Skip the IP address for PASV (F) --ftp-pret Send PRET before PASV (for drftpd) (F) --ftp-ssl-ccc Send CCC after authenticating (F) --ftp-ssl-ccc-mode ACTIVE/PASSIVE Set CCC mode (F) --ftp-ssl-control Require SSL/TLS for ftp login, clear for transfer (F) -G, --get Send the -d data with a HTTP GET (H) -g, --globoff Disable URL sequences and ranges using {} and [] -H, --header LINE Custom header to pass to server (H) -I, --head Show document info only -h, --help This help text --hostpubmd5 MD5 Hex encoded MD5 string of the host public key. (SSH) -0, --http1.0 Use HTTP 1.0 (H) --ignore-content-length Ignore the HTTP Content-Length header -i, --include Include protocol headers in the output (H/F) -k, --insecure Allow connections to SSL sites without certs (H) --interface INTERFACE Specify network interface/address to use -4, --ipv4 Resolve name to IPv4 address -6, --ipv6 Resolve name to IPv6 address -j, --junk-session-cookies Ignore session cookies read from file (H) --keepalive-time SECONDS Interval between keepalive probes --key KEY Private key file name (SSL/SSH) --key-type TYPE Private key file type (DER/PEM/ENG) (SSL) --krb LEVEL Enable Kerberos with specified security level (F) --libcurl FILE Dump libcurl equivalent code of this command line --limit-rate RATE Limit transfer speed to this rate -l, --list-only List only names of an FTP directory (F) --local-port RANGE Force use of these local port numbers -L, --location Follow redirects (H) --location-trusted like --location and send auth to other hosts (H) -M, --manual Display the full manual --mail-from FROM Mail from this address --mail-rcpt TO Mail to this receiver(s) --mail-auth AUTH Originator address of the original email --max-filesize BYTES Maximum file size to download (H/F) --max-redirs NUM Maximum number of redirects allowed (H) -m, --max-time SECONDS Maximum time allowed for the transfer --metalink Process given URLs as metalink XML file --negotiate Use HTTP Negotiate Authentication (H) -n, --netrc Must read .netrc for user name and password --netrc-optional Use either .netrc or URL; overrides -n --netrc-file FILE Set up the netrc filename to use -N, --no-buffer Disable buffering of the output stream --no-keepalive Disable keepalive use on the connection --no-sessionid Disable SSL session-ID reusing (SSL) --noproxy List of hosts which do not use proxy --ntlm Use HTTP NTLM authentication (H) -o, --output FILE Write output to <file> instead of stdout --pass PASS Pass phrase for the private key (SSL/SSH) --post301 Do not switch to GET after following a 301 redirect (H) --post302 Do not switch to GET after following a 302 redirect (H) --post303 Do not switch to GET after following a 303 redirect (H) -#, --progress-bar Display transfer progress as a progress bar --proto PROTOCOLS Enable/disable specified protocols --proto-redir PROTOCOLS Enable/disable specified protocols on redirect -x, --proxy [PROTOCOL://]HOST[:PORT] Use proxy on given port --proxy-anyauth Pick "any" proxy authentication method (H) --proxy-basic Use Basic authentication on the proxy (H) --proxy-digest Use Digest authentication on the proxy (H) --proxy-negotiate Use Negotiate authentication on the proxy (H) --proxy-ntlm Use NTLM authentication on the proxy (H) -U, --proxy-user USER[:PASSWORD] Proxy user and password --proxy1.0 HOST[:PORT] Use HTTP/1.0 proxy on given port -p, --proxytunnel Operate through a HTTP proxy tunnel (using CONNECT) --pubkey KEY Public key file name (SSH) -Q, --quote CMD Send command(s) to server before transfer (F/SFTP) --random-file FILE File for reading random data from (SSL) -r, --range RANGE Retrieve only the bytes within a range --raw Do HTTP "raw", without any transfer decoding (H) -e, --referer Referer URL (H) -J, --remote-header-name Use the header-provided filename (H) -O, --remote-name Write output to a file named as the remote file --remote-name-all Use the remote file name for all URLs -R, --remote-time Set the remote file's time on the local output -X, --request COMMAND Specify request command to use --resolve HOST:PORT:ADDRESS Force resolve of HOST:PORT to ADDRESS --retry NUM Retry request NUM times if transient problems occur --retry-delay SECONDS When retrying, wait this many seconds between each --retry-max-time SECONDS Retry only within this period -S, --show-error Show error. With -s, make curl show errors when they occur -s, --silent Silent mode. Don't output anything --socks4 HOST[:PORT] SOCKS4 proxy on given host + port --socks4a HOST[:PORT] SOCKS4a proxy on given host + port --socks5 HOST[:PORT] SOCKS5 proxy on given host + port --socks5-basic Enable username/password auth for SOCKS5 proxies --socks5-gssapi Enable GSS-API auth for SOCKS5 proxies --socks5-hostname HOST[:PORT] SOCKS5 proxy, pass host name to proxy --socks5-gssapi-service NAME SOCKS5 proxy service name for gssapi --socks5-gssapi-nec Compatibility with NEC SOCKS5 server -Y, --speed-limit RATE Stop transfers below speed-limit for 'speed-time' secs -y, --speed-time SECONDS Time for trig speed-limit abort. Defaults to 30 --ssl Try SSL/TLS (FTP, IMAP, POP3, SMTP) --ssl-reqd Require SSL/TLS (FTP, IMAP, POP3, SMTP) -2, --sslv2 Use SSLv2 (SSL) -3, --sslv3 Use SSLv3 (SSL) --ssl-allow-beast Allow security flaw to improve interop (SSL) --stderr FILE Where to redirect stderr. - means stdout --tcp-nodelay Use the TCP_NODELAY option -t, --telnet-option OPT=VAL Set telnet option --tftp-blksize VALUE Set TFTP BLKSIZE option (must be >512) -z, --time-cond TIME Transfer based on a time condition -1, --tlsv1 Use => TLSv1 (SSL) --tlsv1.0 Use TLSv1.0 (SSL) --tlsv1.1 Use TLSv1.1 (SSL) --tlsv1.2 Use TLSv1.2 (SSL) --trace FILE Write a debug trace to the given file --trace-ascii FILE Like --trace but without the hex output --trace-time Add time stamps to trace/verbose output --tr-encoding Request compressed transfer encoding (H) -T, --upload-file FILE Transfer FILE to destination --url URL URL to work with -B, --use-ascii Use ASCII/text transfer -u, --user USER[:PASSWORD] Server user and password --tlsuser USER TLS username --tlspassword STRING TLS password --tlsauthtype STRING TLS authentication type (default SRP) --unix-socket FILE Connect through this UNIX domain socket -A, --user-agent STRING User-Agent to send to server (H) -v, --verbose Make the operation more talkative -V, --version Show version number and quit -w, --write-out FORMAT What to output after completion --xattr Store metadata in extended file attributes -q If used as the first parameter disables .curlrc [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# re
四.elinks工具
1>.安装elinks工具
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# yum -y install elinks Loaded plugins: fastestmirror Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile epel/x86_64/metalink | 8.6 kB 00:00:00 * base: mirrors.huaweicloud.com * epel: mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn * extras: mirrors.huaweicloud.com * updates: mirrors.huaweicloud.com base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00 epel | 5.3 kB 00:00:00 extras | 2.9 kB 00:00:00 updates | 2.9 kB 00:00:00 (1/2): epel/x86_64/primary_db | 6.9 MB 00:00:02 (2/2): epel/x86_64/updateinfo | 1.0 MB 00:00:05 Resolving Dependencies --> Running transaction check ---> Package elinks.x86_64 0:0.12-0.37.pre6.el7.0.1 will be installed --> Processing Dependency: libnss_compat_ossl.so.0()(64bit) for package: elinks-0.12-0.37.pre6.el7.0.1.x86_64 --> Processing Dependency: libmozjs185.so.1.0()(64bit) for package: elinks-0.12-0.37.pre6.el7.0.1.x86_64 --> Running transaction check ---> Package js.x86_64 1:1.8.5-20.el7 will be installed ---> Package nss_compat_ossl.x86_64 0:0.9.6-8.el7 will be installed --> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ============================================================================================================================================= Package Arch Version Repository Size ============================================================================================================================================= Installing: elinks x86_64 0.12-0.37.pre6.el7.0.1 base 882 k Installing for dependencies: js x86_64 1:1.8.5-20.el7 base 2.3 M nss_compat_ossl x86_64 0.9.6-8.el7 base 37 k Transaction Summary ============================================================================================================================================= Install 1 Package (+2 Dependent packages) Total download size: 3.2 M Installed size: 9.6 M Downloading packages: (1/3): elinks-0.12-0.37.pre6.el7.0.1.x86_64.rpm | 882 kB 00:00:00 (2/3): js-1.8.5-20.el7.x86_64.rpm | 2.3 MB 00:00:00 (3/3): nss_compat_ossl-0.9.6-8.el7.x86_64.rpm | 37 kB 00:00:00 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total 5.4 MB/s | 3.2 MB 00:00:00 Running transaction check Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded Running transaction Installing : nss_compat_ossl-0.9.6-8.el7.x86_64 1/3 Installing : 1:js-1.8.5-20.el7.x86_64 2/3 Installing : elinks-0.12-0.37.pre6.el7.0.1.x86_64 3/3 Verifying : elinks-0.12-0.37.pre6.el7.0.1.x86_64 1/3 Verifying : 1:js-1.8.5-20.el7.x86_64 2/3 Verifying : nss_compat_ossl-0.9.6-8.el7.x86_64 3/3 Installed: elinks.x86_64 0:0.12-0.37.pre6.el7.0.1 Dependency Installed: js.x86_64 1:1.8.5-20.el7 nss_compat_ossl.x86_64 0:0.9.6-8.el7 Complete! [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
2>.使用elinks访问网页
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# elinks http://node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn #执行该命令后会弹出一个字符界面的对话框。
3>.使用"-source"选项
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# elinks -source http://node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn #可以打印网页源码 <h1>尹正杰到此一游</h1> [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#
4>.使用"-dump:"选项案例
[root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]# elinks -dump http://node107.yinzhengjie.org.cn #非交互式模式，将URL的内容输出至标准输出 尹正杰到此一游 [root@node101.yinzhengjie.org.cn ~]#