问题
在有一次尝试用stat()函数获取文件属性的时候,发现如果直接声明一个指针,然后把这个指针作为参数传给函数,会导致函数执行失败,原代码:
#include <sys/stat.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <stdio.h> int main(void) { struct stat *sta_1; char pth_1[] = "./c12.txt"; int re = stat(pth_1, sta_1); printf("result = %d ", re); printf("size = %d ", sta_1->st_size); }
原因
我猜测是因为声明指针并不代表在正文创建了这个变量,实际上它只是一个属于这个类型的指针,并不指向任何变量。所以,但凡用指针传入函数赋值的情况,必须在程序正文声明这个变量。
示例代码1:
int main(void) { struct stat *sta_p; struct stat stat_1; sta_p = &stat_1; char pth_1[] = "./c12.txt"; int re = stat(pth_1, sta_p); printf("result = %d ", re); printf("size = %d ", sta_p->st_size); }
示例代码2:
int main(void) { struct stat stat_1; char pth_1[] = "./c12.txt"; int re = stat(pth_1, &stat_1); printf("result = %d ", re); printf("size = %d ", (&stat_1)->st_size); }
另一个案例,从文件读取内容到buff变量,也是必须在正文声明一个变量
#include <unistd.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <string.h> #include <stdio.h> int main(void) { #define BUFFER 4096 char err_1[] = "Opps~an error occurred when copy."; char buf[BUFFER]; short rnum = 0; char copy_1_pth[] = "./c14_copy.dat"; int copy_1_fd = open(copy_1_pth, O_RDWR|O_CREAT, 0777); while((rnum = read(STDIN_FILENO, buf, BUFFER)) != 0){ if(rnum != write(copy_1_fd, buf, rnum)){ write(STDERR_FILENO, err_1, strlen(err_1)); break; } } printf("Okay. "); }