在Github上看到一个荷兰人写的linux控制台版的2048，用的C语言。感觉非常有意思。
原网址在这里。
读了一下他的源代码，感觉写的不错。就厚着脸皮加了一些中文凝视，源代码例如以下：
/*
============================================================================
Name : 2048.c
Author : Maurits van der Schee
Description : Console version of the game "2048" for GNU/Linux
============================================================================
*
Note by Zhengmingpei,China
Time:2014.10.13
Contact:http://Zhengmingpei.github.com
Email:yueyawanbian@gmail.com
*/
#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 500
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <termios.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <signal.h>
#define SIZE 4
uint32_t score=0;
uint8_t scheme=0;
// 依据value获取相应的颜色，将包括设置终端颜色的字符串复制给color
void getColor(uint16_t value, char *color, size_t length) {
// 声明三个颜色数组。用一维数组，但每一个奇数位和偶数位组成一个前后景色
// 后两个数组分别相应程序的启动选项"blackwhite","bluered"
uint8_t original[] = {8,255,1,255,2,255,3,255,4,255,5,255,6,255,7,255,9,0,10,0,11,0,12,0,13,0,14,0,255,0,255,0};
uint8_t blackwhite[] = {232,255,234,255,236,255,238,255,240,255,242,255,244,255,246,0,248,0,249,0,250,0,251,0,252,0,253,0,254,0,255,0};
uint8_t bluered[] = {235,255,63,255,57,255,93,255,129,255,165,255,201,255,200,255,199,255,198,255,197,255,196,255,196,255,196,255,196,255,196,255};
uint8_t *schemes[] = {original,blackwhite,bluered};
uint8_t *background = schemes[scheme]+0;
uint8_t *foreground = schemes[scheme]+1;
if (value > 0) while (value >>= 1)
// value不断右移一位。直到值变为0。实现每一个二进制一个不同的颜色
{
if (background+2<schemes[scheme]+sizeof(original)) {
background+=2;
foreground+=2;
}
}
//linux下终端及字体颜色设置语句的字符串
snprintf(color,length," 33[38;5;%d;48;5;%dm",*foreground,*background);
}
// 绘制数据板,数据板共3×4行。7×4列
void drawBoard(uint16_t board[SIZE][SIZE]) {
int8_t x,y;
// 33[m:关闭全部属性
char color[40], reset[] = " 33[m";
// 33[H:调整光标位置
printf(" 33[H");
printf("2048.c %17d pts
",score);
//数据板共3×4行。7×4列
for (y=0;y<SIZE;y++) {
//首行打印空白
for (x=0;x<SIZE;x++) {
getColor(board[x][y],color,40);
printf("%s",color);
printf(" ");
//reset 重置。避免对非数据板部分造成影响
printf("%s",reset);
}
printf("
");
//次行打印数字,数字居中
for (x=0;x<SIZE;x++) {
getColor(board[x][y],color,40);
printf("%s",color);
if (board[x][y]!=0) {
char s[8];
//此处注意，是board[x][y]而不是yx
snprintf(s,8,"%u",board[x][y]);
int8_t t = 7-strlen(s);
printf("%*s%s%*s",t-t/2,"",s,t/2,"");
} else {
printf(" · ");
}
printf("%s",reset);
}
printf("
");
//末行打印空白
for (x=0;x<SIZE;x++) {
getColor(board[x][y],color,40);
printf("%s",color);
printf(" ");
printf("%s",reset);
}
printf("
");
}
printf("
");
printf(" ←,↑,→,↓ or q
");
//疑似回车
printf(" 33[A");
}
// 查找一维数组中x左側待合并数的坐标，stop为检查点
int8_t findTarget(uint16_t array[SIZE],int8_t x,int8_t stop) {
int8_t t;
//若x为第一个数，左边无数。直接返回x
if (x==0) {
return x;
}
//遍历x左边的坐标
for(t=x-1;t>=0;t--) {
//合并算法：
//1.t处的数不为0且与x处的数不相等，返回t+1
//2.t处的数不为0且与x处的数相等，返回t
//3.t处的数为0。依据stop推断是否向前查找。防止多次合并
if (array[t]!=0) {
if (array[t]!=array[x]) {
// merge is not possible, take next position
return t+1;
}
return t;
} else {
// we should not slide further, return this one
if (t==stop) {
return t;
}
}
}
// we did not find a
return x;
}
//对一维数组进行移动
bool slideArray(uint16_t array[SIZE]) {
bool success = false;
//声明当前位置。待合并的位置。检查点
int8_t x,t,stop=0;
for (x=0;x<SIZE;x++) {
if (array[x]!=0) {
t = findTarget(array,x,stop);
// 假设待合并的位置与当前位置不相等，进行移动或者合并
// if target is not original position, then move or merge
if (t!=x) {
// 假设待合并的位置不是0,右移检查点stop
// if target is not zero, set stop to avoid double merge
if (array[t]!=0) {
score+=array[t]+array[x];
stop = t+1;
}
array[t]+=array[x];
array[x]=0;
success = true;
}
}
}
return success;
}
//旋转数据板。向右旋转90度。这样能够用一个方向的数组移动间接控制四个方向的移动
void rotateBoard(uint16_t board[SIZE][SIZE]) {
int8_t i,j,n=SIZE;
uint16_t tmp;
//环形旋转，先外而内，先左后右
for (i=0; i<n/2; i++){
for (j=i; j<n-i-1; j++){
tmp = board[i][j];
board[i][j] = board[j][n-i-1];
board[j][n-i-1] = board[n-i-1][n-j-1];
board[n-i-1][n-j-1] = board[n-j-1][i];
board[n-j-1][i] = tmp;
}
}
}
//向上移动数据板
bool moveUp(uint16_t board[SIZE][SIZE]) {
bool success = false;
int8_t x;
for (x=0;x<SIZE;x++) {
//对每一列做移动或者合并处理。
//这里是列而不是行，与前面的输出顺序有关
success |= slideArray(board[x]);
//仅仅要有一列成功，就成功
}
return success;
}
// 左移：向右旋转90度，向上合并。再旋转3个90度
bool moveLeft(uint16_t board[SIZE][SIZE]) {
bool success;
rotateBoard(board);
success = moveUp(board);
rotateBoard(board);
rotateBoard(board);
rotateBoard(board);
return success;
}
// 下移：向右旋转2个90度。向上合并，再旋转2个90度
bool moveDown(uint16_t board[SIZE][SIZE]) {
bool success;
rotateBoard(board);
rotateBoard(board);
success = moveUp(board);
rotateBoard(board);
rotateBoard(board);
return success;
}
// 右移：向右旋转3个90度，向上合并。再旋转1个90度
bool moveRight(uint16_t board[SIZE][SIZE]) {
bool success;
rotateBoard(board);
rotateBoard(board);
rotateBoard(board);
success = moveUp(board);
rotateBoard(board);
return success;
}
bool findPairDown(uint16_t board[SIZE][SIZE]) {
bool success = false;
int8_t x,y;
for (x=0;x<SIZE;x++) {
for (y=0;y<SIZE-1;y++) {
if (board[x][y]==board[x][y+1]) return true;
}
}
return success;
}
// 计算数据板是否已满
int16_t countEmpty(uint16_t board[SIZE][SIZE]) {
int8_t x,y;
int16_t count=0;
for (x=0;x<SIZE;x++) {
for (y=0;y<SIZE;y++) {
if (board[x][y]==0) {
count++;
}
}
}
return count;
}
// 检查游戏是否结束
bool gameEnded(uint16_t board[SIZE][SIZE]) {
bool ended = true;
// 假设有空位，未结束
if (countEmpty(board)>0) return false;
// 横向检查，有相等相邻数。未结束
if (findPairDown(board)) return false;
rotateBoard(board);
// 旋转一次，纵向检查。有相等相邻数，未结束
if (findPairDown(board)) ended = false;
rotateBoard(board);
rotateBoard(board);
rotateBoard(board);
return ended;
}
// 随机重置数据板
void addRandom(uint16_t board[SIZE][SIZE]) {
// 全局变量，是否已初始化
static bool initialized = false;
// x,y 坐标
int8_t x,y;
// r 随机位置，len 全部为空的数据板数据长度
int16_t r,len=0;
// n 随机数据， list 全部为空的数据板位置
uint16_t n,list[SIZE*SIZE][2];
if (!initialized) {
srand(time(NULL));
initialized = true;
}
// 找出数据板上全部为空的坐标
for (x=0;x<SIZE;x++) {
for (y=0;y<SIZE;y++) {
if (board[x][y]==0) {
list[len][0]=x;
list[len][1]=y;
len++;
}
}
}
// 假设有为空的情况，才填充数据
if (len>0) {
r = rand()%len;
x = list[r][0];
y = list[r][1];
n = ((rand()%10)/9+1)*2;
board[x][y]=n;
}
}
// 设置输入模式，在行缓冲和无缓冲中切换
void setBufferedInput(bool enable) {
static bool enabled = true;
static struct termios old;
struct termios new;
if (enable && !enabled) {
// restore the former settings
tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO,TCSANOW,&old);
// set the new state
enabled = true;
} else if (!enable && enabled) {
// get the terminal settings for standard input
tcgetattr(STDIN_FILENO,&new);
// we want to keep the old setting to restore them at the end
old = new;
// disable canonical mode (buffered i/o) and local echo
new.c_lflag &=(~ICANON & ~ECHO);
// set the new settings immediately
tcsetattr(STDIN_FILENO,TCSANOW,&new);
// set the new state
enabled = false;
}
}
int test() {
uint16_t array[SIZE];
uint16_t data[] = {
0,0,0,2, 2,0,0,0,
0,0,2,2, 4,0,0,0,
0,2,0,2, 4,0,0,0,
2,0,0,2, 4,0,0,0,
2,0,2,0, 4,0,0,0,
2,2,2,0, 4,2,0,0,
2,0,2,2, 4,2,0,0,
2,2,0,2, 4,2,0,0,
2,2,2,2, 4,4,0,0,
4,4,2,2, 8,4,0,0,
2,2,4,4, 4,8,0,0,
8,0,2,2, 8,4,0,0,
4,0,2,2, 4,4,0,0
};
uint16_t *in,*out;
uint16_t t,tests;
uint8_t i;
bool success = true;
tests = (sizeof(data)/sizeof(data[0]))/(2*SIZE);
for (t=0;t<tests;t++) {
in = data+t*2*SIZE;
out = in + SIZE;
for (i=0;i<SIZE;i++) {
array[i] = in[i];
}
slideArray(array);
for (i=0;i<SIZE;i++) {
if (array[i] != out[i]) {
success = false;
}
}
if (success==false) {
for (i=0;i<SIZE;i++) {
printf("%d ",in[i]);
}
printf("=> ");
for (i=0;i<SIZE;i++) {
printf("%d ",array[i]);
}
printf("expected ");
for (i=0;i<SIZE;i++) {
printf("%d ",in[i]);
}
printf("=> ");
for (i=0;i<SIZE;i++) {
printf("%d ",out[i]);
}
printf("
");
break;
}
}
if (success) {
printf("All %u tests executed successfully
",tests);
}
return !success;
}
void signal_callback_handler(int signum) {
printf(" TERMINATED
");
setBufferedInput(true);
printf(" 33[?25h");
exit(signum);
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
uint16_t board[SIZE][SIZE];
char c;
bool success;
if (argc == 2 && strcmp(argv[1],"test")==0) {
return test();
}
if (argc == 2 && strcmp(argv[1],"blackwhite")==0) {
scheme = 1;
}
if (argc == 2 && strcmp(argv[1],"bluered")==0) {
scheme = 2;
}
// 33[?25l 隐藏光标
// 33[2J 清屏
// 33[H 设置光标位置
printf(" 33[?25l 33[2J 33[H");
// register signal handler for when ctrl-c is pressed
signal(SIGINT, signal_callback_handler);
// 将数据清为0
memset(board,0,sizeof(board));
// 加入两次随机数,由于初始化时产生2个随机数
addRandom(board);
addRandom(board);
// 绘制数据板
drawBoard(board);
// 禁用缓存输入，终端支持按字符读取且不回显
setBufferedInput(false);
// 游戏主循环
while (true) {
c=getchar();
switch(c) {
case 97: // 'a' key
case 104: // 'h' key
case 68: // left arrow
success = moveLeft(board); break;
case 100: // 'd' key
case 108: // 'l' key
case 67: // right arrow
success = moveRight(board); break;
case 119: // 'w' key
case 107: // 'k' key
case 65: // up arrow
success = moveUp(board); break;
case 115: // 's' key
case 106: // 'j' key
case 66: // down arrow
success = moveDown(board); break;
default: success = false;
}
//合并成功，则又一次绘制
if (success) {
drawBoard(board);
usleep(150000);
addRandom(board);
drawBoard(board);
if (gameEnded(board)) {
printf(" GAME OVER
");
break;
}
}
// 假设输入是 q 的话。打开行缓冲，显示光标
if (c=='q') {
printf(" QUIT? (y/n)
");
while (true) {
c=getchar();
if (c=='y'){
setBufferedInput(true);
printf(" 33[?25h");
exit(0);
}
else {
drawBoard(board);
break;
}
}
}
if (c=='r') {
printf(" RESTART?
(y/n)
");
while (true) {
c=getchar();
if (c=='y'){
memset(board,0,sizeof(board));
addRandom(board);
addRandom(board);
drawBoard(board);
break;
}
else {
drawBoard(board);
break;
}
}
}
}
setBufferedInput(true);
printf(" 33[?
25h");
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}