django使用xadmin

一、安装xadmin

由于我用的是Django2.0以后的版本

所以无法直接通过pip install xadmin来安装

即使安装成功了

也会报乱七八糟的错误

https://github.com/sshwsfc/xadmin

GitHub主页

pip install https://codeload.github.com/sshwsfc/xadmin/zip/django2

安装xadmin

当网速比较慢的时候，这种方式不一定会成功

可以把django2分支的xadmin-django2.zip下载到本地然后安装

pip install xadmin-django2.zip

pip install xlsxwriter

安装写入xlsx格式的Excel文件的库

pip install pillow

安装处理图片的库

pip list

查看已经安装的包与版本

django-crispy-forms
django-import-export
django-reversion
django-formtools
pillow
xadmin
xlsxwriter
xlwt

应该包含这些模块

如果没有

请手动安装

 

二、创建django工程

django-admin startproject demo

创建工程

python manage.py startapp product

 创建应用

在工程的根目录下面新建static目录

作为静态文件目录

在工程的根目录下面新建media目录

作为图片存储目录

CREATE DATABASE 'demo' DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;

创建demo数据库

工程的目录结构

 

三、django代码

配置文件demo/settings.py：

import os

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))

# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'db@02^k!pw$6kx*0$+9#%2h@vro-*h^+xs%5&(+q*b181&o$)l'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True

ALLOWED_HOSTS = []

# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'product.apps.ProductConfig',

    'xadmin',
    'crispy_forms',
    'reversion',
    # 添加django-xadmin
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'demo.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')]
        ,
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'demo.wsgi.application'

# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': 'demo',
        'HOST': '192.168.1.106',
        'PORT': '3306',
        'USER': 'root',
        'PASSWORD': 'Abcdef@123456',
    }
}
# MySQL数据库配置


# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]

# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans'
# 简体中文界面

TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'
# 亚洲/上海时区

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = False
# 不使用国际标准时间


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.2/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static')
# 定义静态文件的目录

MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media')
# 定义图片存放的目录

PyMySQL初始化demo/__init__.py：

import pymysql


pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()

路由转发demo/urls.py：

import xadmin

from django.conf import settings
from django.conf.urls.static import static

from django.urls import path

urlpatterns = [
    # path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('admin/', xadmin.site.urls),
]

urlpatterns += static(settings.MEDIA_URL, document_root=settings.MEDIA_ROOT)
# 配置图片文件url转发

模型product/models.py：

from django.db import models


# Create your models here.


class ProductInfo(models.Model):
    # 产品表

    product_name = models.CharField(max_length=32, verbose_name="产品名称")
    # 产品名称
    product_picture = models.ImageField(blank=True,
                                        null=True,
                                        upload_to="pictures/%Y%m%d",
                                        max_length=255,
                                        verbose_name="产品图片")
    # 产品图片，数据库里面存储的是图片的相对路径
    product_describe = models.CharField(max_length=255, verbose_name="产品描述")
    # 产品描述
    product_manager = models.CharField(max_length=11, verbose_name="产品经理")
    # 产品经理
    create_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True, verbose_name="创建时间")
    # 创建时间
    update_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True, blank=True, null=True, verbose_name="修改时间")
    # 修改时间

    class Meta:
        db_table = 'product_info'
        # 设置表名，默认表名是：应用名称_模型类名
        # 带有应用名的表名太长了

        verbose_name = '产品管理'
        verbose_name_plural = "产品管理"

    def __str__(self):
        return self.product_name

 

应用管理product/apps.py：

from django.apps import AppConfig


class ProductConfig(AppConfig):
    name = 'product'
    verbose_name = '产品管理'

后台注册product/admin.py：

import xadmin

# Register your models here.
from xadmin import views

from product.models import ProductInfo


class ProductInfoAdmin(object):
    list_display = [
        'id',
        'product_name',
        'product_picture',
        'product_describe',
        'product_manager',
        'create_time',
        'update_time',
    ]
    # 要显示的字段列表

    ordering = ['id']
    # 按照id顺序排列，如果是倒序-id

    search_fields = ['product_name', 'product_manager']
    # 要搜索的字段

    list_filter = ['product_name', 'create_time', 'update_time']
    # 要筛选的字段

    show_detail_fields = ['product_name', 'product_picture']
    # 要展示详情的字段

    list_editable = ['product_name', 'product_picture',
                     'product_describe', 'product_manager']
    # 列表可直接修改的字段

    list_per_page = 10
    # 分页

    # model_icon = 'fa fa-laptop'
    # 配置模型图标，也可以在GlobalSetting里面配置


class BaseSetting(object):
    enable_themes = True
    use_bootswatch = True
    # 开启主题自由切换


class GlobalSetting(object):
    global_search_models = [ProductInfo]
    # 配置全局搜索选项，默认搜索组、用户、日志记录
    site_title = "测试平台"
    # 标题
    site_footer = "测试部"
    # 页脚

    menu_style = "accordion"
    # 左侧菜单收缩功能
    apps_icons = {
        "product": "fa fa-music",
    }
    # 配置应用图标，即一级菜单图标
    global_models_icon = {
        ProductInfo: "fa fa-film",
    }
    # 配置模型图标，即二级菜单图标


xadmin.site.register(ProductInfo, ProductInfoAdmin)
# 注册模型

xadmin.site.register(views.BaseAdminView, BaseSetting)
xadmin.site.register(views.CommAdminView, GlobalSetting)

四、创建django管理员

python manage.py collectstatic

复制xadmin静态文件

此时可看到static目录下新增了静态文件

原来是空的

icon图标的样式文件是

static/xadmin/vendor/font-awesome/css/font-awesome.css

python manage.py makemigrations

激活模型

python manage.py migrate

迁移

python manage.py createsuperuser

创建超级管理员账号

五、django后台页面

python manage.py runserver

启动服务

http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin/

六、注意事项：

需要修改Python源码

python3.6/site-packages/django/forms/boundfield.py

把第93行

renderer=self.form.renderer,

注释掉

# renderer=self.form.renderer,

否则在点击右上角=>增加～增加用户小组件时

会抛出异常

TypeError: render() got an unexpected keyword argument 'renderer'