昨天花了一天时间,把IOC/DI的相关文章以及Unity相关的一些文章基本在园子里搜了个遍
先给出几篇不错的文章链接:
Unity Application Block官方网址 http://www.codeplex.com/unity
吕震宇整理的[Object Builder Application Block] http://www.cnblogs.com/zhenyulu/articles/641728.html
吕震宇[你真的了解Ioc与AOP吗?] http://www.cnblogs.com/zhenyulu/articles/233966.html
坚强2002翻译的[Inversion of Control Containers and the Dependency Injection pattern] http://www.cnblogs.com/me-sa/archive/2008/07/30/IocDI.html
赤脚小子的[unity系列] http://www.cnblogs.com/kebixisimba/archive/2008/05/19/1202467.html
NEE's [Unity 配置:typeConverter的使用] http://www.cnblogs.com/nickyao/archive/2008/05/04/1181804.html
Warmth & Chilliness的[Unity -- .NET下的原生Ioc框架,让一部分人先用起来] http://www.cnblogs.com/think8848/archive/2008/10/25/1319616.html
基本上把上面的这些个文章全耐着性子看完,相关知识点的“扫盲”工作也差不多完成了
这里只是把我练习的一个例子贴在这里,并发表一些个人粗浅的看法
应用场景:随便给一些数字,要求对这些数字进行一项基本的数据运算(例子中只实现了加法/乘法)
先添加对Microsoft.Practices.Unity.dll的引用
准备测试用的接口和类:
/// 接口
/// </summary>
public interface Icalculate
{
int Calculate(params int[] a);
double Calculate(params double[] a);
string GetOperationName();
}
/// <summary>
/// 加法运算
/// </summary>
public class Addtive : Icalculate
{
/// <summary>
/// 注意:至少要有一个构造函数,否则用配置文件方式Resolve<Icalculate>时会提示:Icalculate是一个接口,没有构造函数,所以不能创建实例云云,但有趣的是用硬编码方式却可以成功
/// </summary>
public Addtive() { }
public int Calculate(params int[] a)
{
int Result = 0;
foreach (int x in a)
{
Result += x;
}
return Result;
}
public double Calculate(params double[] a)
{
double Result = 0.0;
foreach (double x in a)
{
Result += x;
}
return Result;
}
public string GetOperationName()
{
return "加法";
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 乘法运算
/// </summary>
public class Multiplication : Icalculate
{
public Multiplication() { }
public int Calculate(params int[] a)
{
int Result = 1;
foreach (int x in a)
{
Result *= x;
}
return Result;
}
public double Calculate(params double[] a)
{
double Result = 1.0;
foreach (double x in a)
{
Result *= x;
}
return Result;
}
public string GetOperationName()
{
return "乘法";
}
}
/// <summary>
/// (四则)运算管理器
/// </summary>
public class CalcManager
{
private Icalculate _calc;
public CalcManager(Icalculate IC)
{
_calc = IC;
}
//[InjectionMethod]
//public void SetCalculate(Icalculate IC) {
// _calc = IC;
//}
public void Compute(params int[] a)
{
string _paramName = "";
foreach (int x in a)
{
_paramName += x.ToString() + ",";
}
_paramName = _paramName.Trim(',');
Console.WriteLine("{0} {1}计算结果:{2}", _paramName, _calc.GetOperationName(), _calc.Calculate(a));
}
public void Compute(params double[] a)
{
string _paramName = "";
foreach (double x in a)
{
_paramName += x.ToString() + ",";
}
_paramName = _paramName.Trim(',');
Console.WriteLine("{0} {1}计算结果:{2}", _paramName, _calc.GetOperationName(), _calc.Calculate(a));
}
}
{
#region 不用依赖注入的传统方式
CalcManager CM = new CalcManager(new Addtive());
CM.Compute(1, 2, 3, 4, 5);//计算1,2,3,4,5的和
//CM = new CalcManager(new Multiplication());
//CM.Compute(1, 2, 3, 4, 5);//计算1,2,3,4,5的乘积
#endregion
Console.ReadLine();
}
using Microsoft.Practices.Unity;
using Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration;
using System.Configuration;
static void Main(string[] args)
{
#region 使用依赖注入(硬编码方式)
IUnityContainer container = new UnityContainer();
container.RegisterType<Icalculate, Addtive>() //注入加法类
.RegisterType<CalcManager>();//注入管理器
CalcManager CM = container.Resolve<CalcManager>();//取得CalcManager的实例
CM.Compute(1.1, 2.9, 3.1, 4, 5);
//container.RegisterType<Icalculate, Multiplication>();//继续注入乘法类
//CM = container.Resolve<CalcManager>();
//CM.Compute(1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
#endregion
Console.ReadLine();
}
<configuration>
<configSections>
<section name="unity" type="Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.UnityConfigurationSection, Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration, Version=1.2.0.0, Culture=neutral" />
</configSections>
<unity configSource="config\DI.config" />
</configuration>
<unity>
<typeAliases>
<typeAlias alias="ICalc" type="UnityStudy.Icalculate, UnityStudy" />
<typeAlias alias="Add" type="UnityStudy.Addtive, UnityStudy" />
<typeAlias alias="Mul" type="UnityStudy.Multiplication, UnityStudy" />
<typeAlias alias="CM" type="UnityStudy.CalcManager, UnityStudy" />
</typeAliases>
<containers>
<container>
<types>
<type type="ICalc" mapTo="Mul"/>
<!--结实验,下面这一行加不加程序都能运行,只要确保CalcManager中有一个参数为Icalculate的构架函数或(注入)设置方法就行[参看CalcManager中注释掉的部分],Unity在这一点上确实比较“智能”-->
<type type="CM"/>
</types>
</container>
</containers>
</unity>
调用代码再换一种写法:
{
#region 使用依赖注入(配置文件方式)
IUnityContainer container = new UnityContainer();
UnityConfigurationSection section = (UnityConfigurationSection)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("unity");
section.Containers.Default.Configure(container);
CalcManager CM = container.Resolve<CalcManager>();
CM.Compute(1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
#endregion
Console.ReadLine();
}