java：如何用代码控制H2 Database启动

1、纯手动start/stop

package com.cnblogs.yjmyzz.h2;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;

import org.h2.tools.Server;
import org.junit.Test;

public class H2ServerTest {

    @Test
    public void h2Test() {
        start();
        crudTest();
        stop();
    }

    private Server server;

    public void start() {
        try {
            System.out.println("正在启动h2...");
            server = Server.createTcpServer(
                    new String[] { "-tcp", "-tcpAllowOthers", "-tcpPort",
                            "8043" }).start();
            System.out.println("启动成功：" + server.getStatus());
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            System.out.println("启动h2出错：" + e.toString());

            e.printStackTrace();
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }

    public void stop() {
        if (server != null) {
            System.out.println("正在关闭h2...");
            server.stop();
            System.out.println("关闭成功.");
        }
    }

    public void crudTest() {
        try {
            Class.forName("org.h2.Driver");

            // connect to h2
            Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(
                    "jdbc:h2:./h2db/sxaz42b4", "sa", "sa");

            Statement stat = conn.createStatement();

            // create table
            stat.execute("CREATE TABLE TEST(NAME VARCHAR)");

            // insert table
            stat.execute("INSERT INTO TEST VALUES('菩提树下的杨过')");
            stat.execute("INSERT INTO TEST VALUES('http://yjmyzz.cnblogs.com/')");

            // retrive data
            ResultSet result = stat.executeQuery("select name from test ");
            int i = 1;
            while (result.next()) {
                System.out.println(i++ + ":" + result.getString("name"));
            }

            // drop table
            stat.execute("DROP TABLE TEST");

            result.close();
            stat.close();
            conn.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

}

输出：

正在启动h2...
启动成功：TCP server running at tcp://192.168.1.100:8043 (others can connect)
1:菩提树下的杨过
2:http://yjmyzz.cnblogs.com/
正在关闭h2...
关闭成功.

2、借助Spring

    <bean id="h2Server" class="org.h2.tools.Server"
        factory-method="createTcpServer" init-method="start" destroy-method="stop">
        <constructor-arg value="-tcp,-tcpAllowOthers,-tcpPort,8043" />
    </bean>

示例代码：

package com.cnblogs.yjmyzz.h2;

import java.sql.SQLException;

import org.h2.tools.Server;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class App {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws SQLException,
            ClassNotFoundException {

        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
                "spring-context.xml");

        Server h2Server = context.getBean(Server.class);
        System.out.println(h2Server.getStatus());

        H2ServerTest test = new H2ServerTest();
        test.crudTest();

        ((AbstractApplicationContext) context).close();

    }

}

输出：

TCP server running at tcp://192.168.1.100:8043 (others can connect)
1:菩提树下的杨过
2:http://yjmyzz.cnblogs.com/

注：用Spring注入的方式，不用刻意手动处理h2Server的start/stop

3、随webApp启动时，自动启动h2 server

a) 在web.xml最开头加入下面这段

    <!-- h2 -->
    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.h2.server.web.DbStarter</listener-class>
    </listener>
    <context-param>
        <param-name>db.url</param-name>
        <param-value>jdbc:h2:r:/h2db/awbprint/x4z5gjb3</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <context-param>
        <param-name>db.user</param-name>
        <param-value>sa</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <context-param>
        <param-name>db.password</param-name>
        <param-value>sa</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <context-param>
        <param-name>db.tcpServer</param-name>
        <param-value>-tcpAllowOthers</param-value>
    </context-param>

注：具体的文件位置及用户名、密码请自行修改，如果只允许本机连接，把

    <context-param>
        <param-name>db.tcpServer</param-name>
        <param-value>-tcpAllowOthers</param-value>
    </context-param>

去掉即可.

b) 然后在spring配置中参考下面的内容

    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.h2.jdbcx.JdbcConnectionPool"
        destroy-method="dispose">
        <constructor-arg>
            <bean class="org.h2.jdbcx.JdbcDataSource">
                <!-- 文件方式：必须与web.xml中配置的h2db文件名一致 -->
                <property name="URL" value="jdbc:h2:r:/h2db/awbprint/x4z5gjb3" />
                <property name="user" value="sa" />
                <property name="password" value="sa" />
            </bean>
        </constructor-arg>
    </bean>

这样，webapp启动时，会先启动h2 server，后面的代码就能连接到h2了。其它应用也可以用 jdbc:h2:tcp://172.21.129.181/r:/h2db/awbprint/x4z5gjb3 的方式连接到该h2 server (中间加粗的红色IP地址，为web server对应的IP地址)