一 Words
1 say一般用作及物动词，强调说话的内容，宾语可以是名词、代词或宾语从句say sth to sb
e.g. She’s saying”Don’t draw on the wall".
她在说“别在墙上画”
2 speak强调说话的动作。vt时，宾语常为语言。vi时常有：
speak of something/somebody谈到某人（某事）
speak to sb 跟某人讲话
3 talk一般为不及物动词，译为“交谈，谈话”强调两者之间互相说话
talk with和...交谈 talk about谈论什么
talk to 和...谈话
4 tell常作及物动词，译为“告诉”
tell sb sth = tell sth to sb
5 routinely常规地，例行检查地adv
e.g. He is routinely described as the greatest scientist since Einstein.
6 keep up保持 e.g. If you don’t keep up payments支付，报酬n you could be evicted驱逐.如果不继续交费，你会被赶出去
7 withhold 抑制（某事物），扣留vt，克制vi
e.g. Fear made him withhold the truth.恐惧使他不敢说实话。
8 deliberate 故意地，深思熟虑地adj
e.g. It’s not clear whether the incident was an accident or deliberate.还不清楚这起事件是意外还是蓄意所为。
仔细考虑，商讨 e.g. Don’t be deliberating again.别再考虑了。
9 whether (or not)无论，是否 e.g. Whether or not he realised the fact was neither here nor there无关紧要的.他是否认识到事实真相无关紧要
e.g. Whether you like the idea or not,I’m going ahead前进，继续 with it.无论你是否喜欢这个意见, 我将继续做下去
10 serve the purpose 管用 e.g. It does serve the purpose to put on another woolen sweater.多穿件毛衣也还顶事
11 work for 为...工作，致力于 e.g. The company I work for went through a rough patch.我所在的公司经历了一段困难时期
12 if only只要，要是 e.g. If only my father had possessed an ounce一点 of business sense.要是我父亲有一点点经商的头脑就好了
e.g. To tell people that they will surely succeed if only they study hard is a lie but a necessary lie.
13 dedicated 专注的，献身的adj 奉献v
14 inexplicably 难以理解的，莫名其妙的adv eg. Inexplicably,Mary said she loved him.真是不可思议，玛丽说她爱约翰
15 just as正如 e.g. One day she will walk out,just as her own mother did.总有一天她会离家出走，就像她母亲那样
16 a handful of 一把，几个
17 go far 走远，大有前途v eg. The plan is good,the problem is it doesn't go far enough.计划不错；问题在于不够深入。
18 disservice 伤害n e.g. In this it has done mankind a great disservice.这种做法对人类危害非浅。
e.g. But to tell them that would do them a disservice.
19 come to 到达，总计，突然想起
20 take a chance 冒险，碰运气 e.g. We may take a chance on her being at home.也许碰巧她在家
21 either or 不是..就是.. 要么..要么..
22 inablity 无法，无能为力n inflated 膨胀的，夸张的
23 call back回电话 have an affair有外遇 lie in 睡懒觉，在于
24 white lies善意的谎言 e.g. April Fool’s Day,people like to tell white lies.愚人节时人们喜欢开些无伤大雅的玩笑
25 despite 尽管 eg. She persevered坚持不懈v in her ideas despite obvious objections raised by friends.虽然朋友们明确反对,她还是坚持己见。
情不自禁，不由自主 eg. Despite myself,Harry's remarks had caused me to stop and reflect.哈里的话让我不由自主地停下来细想。
26 prerequisite先决条件，必要条件n,adj eg. Party membership was an essential prerequisite of a successful life.成为党员是事业有成必不可少的先决条件
27 membership 会员全体，会员身份n eg. The country has also been granted membership of the World Trade Organization.这个国家也被准予加入世界贸易组织
28 keep out of 躲开，置身事外，挡住 “You keep out of their way don't you."--"I certainly do"“你会离他们远远的，是吧？”——“一点儿不假。”
29 needlessly 不需要地，不必要地 eg. Thousands of children in the world today suffer needlessly.当今世界有成千上万的儿童遭受着不必要的痛苦。
30 lay off解雇，住手，闭嘴