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  • android: 通过Intent筛选多种类型文件

     一般使用setType()方法来实现文件过滤,如:只显示PDF文件:

         int requestCode = 100;
         Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);
         intent.setType("application/pdf");
         intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_OPENABLE);
         startActivityForResult(intent, requestCode); 

    但如果要指定多种类型呢,同时要指定pdf,excel,word,ppt这些类型的文件,那要怎样设置呢?

    指定多种类型文件

    在网上查了,有些答案是

    错误方式1——setType中进行拼接:

    intent.setType(“video/*;image/*”);//同时选择视频和图片

    错误方式2——调用多次setType:

    intent.setType("video/*");
    intent.setType("image/*");

    这两种方式都是错误的
    我们看下源码

    /**
         * Set an explicit MIME data type.
         *
         * <p>This is used to create intents that only specify a type and not data,
         * for example to indicate the type of data to return.
         *
         * <p>This method automatically clears any data that was
         * previously set (for example by {@link #setData}).
         *
         * <p><em>Note: MIME type matching in the Android framework is
         * case-sensitive, unlike formal RFC MIME types.  As a result,
         * you should always write your MIME types with lower case letters,
         * or use {@link #normalizeMimeType} or {@link #setTypeAndNormalize}
         * to ensure that it is converted to lower case.</em>
         *
         * @param type The MIME type of the data being handled by this intent.
         *
         * @return Returns the same Intent object, for chaining multiple calls
         * into a single statement.
         *
         * @see #getType
         * @see #setTypeAndNormalize
         * @see #setDataAndType
         * @see #normalizeMimeType
         */
        public Intent setType(String type) {
            mData = null;
            mType = type;
            return this;
        }

    我们可以看到,setType每次都是重新赋值,没有添加到list和数组中,因此这两种方式是实现不了指定多种类型文件的。
    既然这种方式实现不了,那么Intent会不会提供字段以便我们传递过滤数据,我们通过官方文档及源码,发现Intent提供了EXTRA_MIME_TYPES这个字段来传递,而且是数组类型:

    /**
         * Extra used to communicate a set of acceptable MIME types. The type of the
         * extra is {@code String[]}. Values may be a combination of concrete MIME
         * types (such as "image/png") and/or partial MIME types (such as
         * "audio/*").
         *
         * @see #ACTION_GET_CONTENT
         * @see #ACTION_OPEN_DOCUMENT
         */
        public static final String EXTRA_MIME_TYPES = "android.intent.extra.MIME_TYPES";

    因此结果就简单了,我们要指定ppt,word,excel,pdf类型的文件,代码如下

    public static void openDirChooseFile(Activity activity, int requestCode, String[] mimeTypes) {
            Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);
            if (mimeTypes != null) {
                intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_MIME_TYPES, mimeTypes);
            }
            intent.setType("*/*");
            intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_OPENABLE);
            // intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_ALLOW_MULTIPLE, true);//多选
            activity.startActivityForResult(intent, requestCode);
        }
     public static void chooseFile(Activity activity, int requestCode) {
            String[] mimeTypes = {MimeType.DOC, MimeType.DOCX, MimeType.PDF, MimeType.PPT, MimeType.PPTX, MimeType.XLS, MimeType.XLSX};
            FileUtil.openDirChooseFile(activity, requestCode, mimeTypes);
        }

    MimeType文件

    public class MimeType {
        public static final String DOC = "application/msword";
        public static final String DOCX = "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document";
        public static final String XLS = "application/vnd.ms-excel application/x-excel";
        public static final String XLSX = "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet";
        public static final String PPT = "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint";
        public static final String PPTX = "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation";
        public static final String PDF = "application/pdf";
    }

    Intent指定多种类型的文件,正确的做法,是通过Intent.EXTRA_MIME_TYPES传递Mime类型数组实现

     intent.setType("*/*");
     intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_MIME_TYPES, mimeTypes);

    MimeType 文件列表参考

     1. Mozilla MDN Web Docs: https://developer.mozilla.org/zh-CN/docs/Web/HTTP/Basics_of_HTTP/MIME_types/Common_types

    扩展名文档类型MIME 类型
    .aac AAC audio audio/aac
    .abw AbiWord document application/x-abiword
    .arc Archive document (multiple files embedded) application/x-freearc
    .avi AVI: Audio Video Interleave video/x-msvideo
    .azw Amazon Kindle eBook format application/vnd.amazon.ebook
    .bin Any kind of binary data application/octet-stream
    .bmp Windows OS/2 Bitmap Graphics image/bmp
    .bz BZip archive application/x-bzip
    .bz2 BZip2 archive application/x-bzip2
    .csh C-Shell script application/x-csh
    .css Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) text/css
    .csv Comma-separated values (CSV) text/csv
    .doc Microsoft Word application/msword
    .docx Microsoft Word (OpenXML) application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
    .eot MS Embedded OpenType fonts application/vnd.ms-fontobject
    .epub Electronic publication (EPUB) application/epub+zip
    .gif Graphics Interchange Format (GIF) image/gif
    .htm
    .html
    HyperText Markup Language (HTML) text/html
    .ico Icon format image/vnd.microsoft.icon
    .ics iCalendar format text/calendar
    .jar Java Archive (JAR) application/java-archive
    .jpeg
    .jpg
    JPEG images image/jpeg
    .js JavaScript text/javascript
    .json JSON format application/json
    .jsonld JSON-LD format application/ld+json
    .mid
    .midi
    Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI) audio/midi audio/x-midi
    .mjs JavaScript module text/javascript
    .mp3 MP3 audio audio/mpeg
    .mpeg MPEG Video video/mpeg
    .mpkg Apple Installer Package application/vnd.apple.installer+xml
    .odp OpenDocument presentation document application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation
    .ods OpenDocument spreadsheet document application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet
    .odt OpenDocument text document application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text
    .oga OGG audio audio/ogg
    .ogv OGG video video/ogg
    .ogx OGG application/ogg
    .otf OpenType font font/otf
    .png Portable Network Graphics image/png
    .pdf Adobe Portable Document Format (PDF) application/pdf
    .ppt Microsoft PowerPoint application/vnd.ms-powerpoint
    .pptx Microsoft PowerPoint (OpenXML) application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation
    .rar RAR archive application/x-rar-compressed
    .rtf Rich Text Format (RTF) application/rtf
    .sh Bourne shell script application/x-sh
    .svg Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) image/svg+xml
    .swf Small web format (SWF) or Adobe Flash document application/x-shockwave-flash
    .tar Tape Archive (TAR) application/x-tar
    .tif
    .tiff
    Tagged Image File Format (TIFF) image/tiff
    .ttf TrueType Font font/ttf
    .txt Text, (generally ASCII or ISO 8859-n) text/plain
    .vsd Microsoft Visio application/vnd.visio
    .wav Waveform Audio Format audio/wav
    .weba WEBM audio audio/webm
    .webm WEBM video video/webm
    .webp WEBP image image/webp
    .woff Web Open Font Format (WOFF) font/woff
    .woff2 Web Open Font Format (WOFF) font/woff2
    .xhtml XHTML application/xhtml+xml
    .xls Microsoft Excel application/vnd.ms-excel
    .xlsx Microsoft Excel (OpenXML) application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet
    .xml XML application/xml 代码对普通用户来说不可读 (RFC 3023, section 3)
    text/xml 代码对普通用户来说可读 (RFC 3023, section 3)
    .xul XUL application/vnd.mozilla.xul+xml
    .zip ZIP archive application/zip
    .3gp 3GPP audio/video container video/3gpp
    audio/3gpp(若不含视频)
    .3g2 3GPP2 audio/video container video/3gpp2
    audio/3gpp2(若不含视频)
    .7z 7-zip archive application/x-7z-compressed

    2. AOSP MediaFle:  

    frameworks/base/media/java/android/media/MediaFile.java

        public static String getMimeTypeForFile(String path) {
            MediaFileType mediaFileType = getFileType(path);
            return (mediaFileType == null ? null : mediaFileType.mimeType);
        }
        static {
            /// M: Add more audio file types to maps. {@
            addFileType("3GP", FILE_TYPE_3GPP3, "audio/3gpp");
            addFileType("3GA", FILE_TYPE_3GA, "audio/3gpp");
            addFileType("MOV", FILE_TYPE_QUICKTIME_AUDIO, "audio/quicktime");
            addFileType("QT", FILE_TYPE_QUICKTIME_AUDIO, "audio/quicktime");
            /// Add to support Apple Lossless Codec(audio/alac)
            addFileType("CAF", FILE_TYPE_CAF, "audio/alac");
            /// Add to support PCM(audio/wav)
            addFileType("WAV", FILE_TYPE_WAV, "audio/wav", MtpConstants.FORMAT_WAV);
            addFileType("OGG", FILE_TYPE_OGG, "audio/vorbis", MtpConstants.FORMAT_OGG);
            addFileType("OGG", FILE_TYPE_OGG, "audio/webm", MtpConstants.FORMAT_OGG);
            /// Add to support MP2, first add video/mp2p, so that use MP2 can return as audio type
            addFileType("MP2", FILE_TYPE_MP2PS, "video/mp2p");
            addFileType("MP2", FILE_TYPE_MP2, "audio/mpeg");
            /// Add to support Monkey's Audio APE(audio/ape)
            if (SystemProperties.getBoolean("ro.mtk_audio_ape_support", false)) {
                addFileType("APE", FILE_TYPE_APE, "audio/ape");
            }
            /// Add to support OMA DRM audio type DCF
            if (SystemProperties.getBoolean("ro.mtk_oma_drm_support", false)) {
                addFileType("DCF", FILE_TYPE_MP3, "audio/mpeg");
            }
            /// @}
    
            addFileType("MP3", FILE_TYPE_MP3, "audio/mpeg", MtpConstants.FORMAT_MP3);
            addFileType("MPGA", FILE_TYPE_MP3, "audio/mpeg", MtpConstants.FORMAT_MP3);
            addFileType("M4A", FILE_TYPE_M4A, "audio/mp4", MtpConstants.FORMAT_MPEG);
            addFileType("WAV", FILE_TYPE_WAV, "audio/x-wav", MtpConstants.FORMAT_WAV);
            addFileType("AMR", FILE_TYPE_AMR, "audio/amr");
            addFileType("AWB", FILE_TYPE_AWB, "audio/amr-wb");
            if (isWMAEnabled()) {
                addFileType("WMA", FILE_TYPE_WMA, "audio/x-ms-wma", MtpConstants.FORMAT_WMA);
            }
            addFileType("OGG", FILE_TYPE_OGG, "audio/ogg", MtpConstants.FORMAT_OGG);
            addFileType("OGG", FILE_TYPE_OGG, "application/ogg", MtpConstants.FORMAT_OGG);
            addFileType("OGA", FILE_TYPE_OGG, "application/ogg", MtpConstants.FORMAT_OGG);
            addFileType("AAC", FILE_TYPE_AAC, "audio/aac", MtpConstants.FORMAT_AAC);
            addFileType("AAC", FILE_TYPE_AAC, "audio/aac-adts", MtpConstants.FORMAT_AAC);
            addFileType("MKA", FILE_TYPE_MKA, "audio/x-matroska");
    
            addFileType("MID", FILE_TYPE_MID, "audio/midi");
            addFileType("MIDI", FILE_TYPE_MID, "audio/midi");
            addFileType("XMF", FILE_TYPE_MID, "audio/midi");
            addFileType("RTTTL", FILE_TYPE_MID, "audio/midi");
            addFileType("SMF", FILE_TYPE_SMF, "audio/sp-midi");
            addFileType("IMY", FILE_TYPE_IMY, "audio/imelody");
            addFileType("RTX", FILE_TYPE_MID, "audio/midi");
            addFileType("OTA", FILE_TYPE_MID, "audio/midi");
            addFileType("MXMF", FILE_TYPE_MID, "audio/midi");
    
            /// M: Add more video file types to maps. {@
            addFileType("MTS", FILE_TYPE_MP2TS, "video/mp2ts");
            addFileType("M2TS", FILE_TYPE_MP2TS, "video/mp2ts");
            addFileType("MOV", FILE_TYPE_QUICKTIME_VIDEO, "video/quicktime");
            addFileType("QT", FILE_TYPE_QUICKTIME_VIDEO, "video/quicktime");
            addFileType("OGV", FILE_TYPE_OGM, "video/ogm");
            addFileType("OGM", FILE_TYPE_OGM, "video/ogm");
            if (SystemProperties.getBoolean("ro.mtk_flv_playback_support", false)) {
                addFileType("FLV", FILE_TYPE_FLV, "video/x-flv");
                addFileType("F4V", FILE_TYPE_FLV, "video/x-flv");
                addFileType("PFV", FILE_TYPE_FLV, "video/x-flv");
                addFileType("FLA", FILE_TYPE_FLA, "audio/x-flv");
            }
            if (SystemProperties.getBoolean("ro.mtk_mtkps_playback_support", false)) {
                addFileType("PS", FILE_TYPE_MP2PS, "video/mp2p");
                /// Only support VOB when mtkps feature option is enabled
                addFileType("VOB", FILE_TYPE_MP2PS, "video/mp2p");
                /// DAT files should not be scanned as mpeg2 PS if PS is not supported.
                addFileType("DAT", FILE_TYPE_MP2PS, "video/mp2p");
            }
            /// @}
    
            addFileType("MPEG", FILE_TYPE_MP4, "video/mpeg", MtpConstants.FORMAT_MPEG);
            addFileType("MPG", FILE_TYPE_MP4, "video/mpeg", MtpConstants.FORMAT_MPEG);
            addFileType("MP4", FILE_TYPE_MP4, "video/mp4", MtpConstants.FORMAT_MPEG);
            addFileType("M4V", FILE_TYPE_M4V, "video/mp4", MtpConstants.FORMAT_MPEG);
            addFileType("3GP", FILE_TYPE_3GPP, "video/3gpp",  MtpConstants.FORMAT_3GP_CONTAINER);
            addFileType("3GPP", FILE_TYPE_3GPP, "video/3gpp", MtpConstants.FORMAT_3GP_CONTAINER);
            addFileType("3G2", FILE_TYPE_3GPP2, "video/3gpp2", MtpConstants.FORMAT_3GP_CONTAINER);
            addFileType("3GPP2", FILE_TYPE_3GPP2, "video/3gpp2", MtpConstants.FORMAT_3GP_CONTAINER);
            addFileType("MKV", FILE_TYPE_MKV, "video/x-matroska");
            addFileType("WEBM", FILE_TYPE_WEBM, "video/webm");
            addFileType("TS", FILE_TYPE_MP2TS, "video/mp2ts");
            addFileType("AVI", FILE_TYPE_AVI, "video/avi");
    
            if (isWMVEnabled()) {
                addFileType("WMV", FILE_TYPE_WMV, "video/x-ms-wmv", MtpConstants.FORMAT_WMV);
                addFileType("ASF", FILE_TYPE_ASF, "video/x-ms-asf");
            }
    
            /// M: Add more image file types to maps. {@
            if (!SystemProperties.getBoolean("ro.mtk_bsp_package", false)) {
                /// Mpo files should not be scanned as images in BSP
                addFileType("MPO", FILE_TYPE_MPO, "image/mpo");
            }
            /// @}
    
            addFileType("JPG", FILE_TYPE_JPEG, "image/jpeg", MtpConstants.FORMAT_EXIF_JPEG);
            addFileType("JPEG", FILE_TYPE_JPEG, "image/jpeg", MtpConstants.FORMAT_EXIF_JPEG);
            addFileType("GIF", FILE_TYPE_GIF, "image/gif", MtpConstants.FORMAT_GIF);
            addFileType("PNG", FILE_TYPE_PNG, "image/png", MtpConstants.FORMAT_PNG);
            addFileType("BMP", FILE_TYPE_BMP, "image/x-ms-bmp", MtpConstants.FORMAT_BMP);
            addFileType("WBMP", FILE_TYPE_WBMP, "image/vnd.wap.wbmp");
            addFileType("WEBP", FILE_TYPE_WEBP, "image/webp");
    
            addFileType("M3U", FILE_TYPE_M3U, "audio/x-mpegurl", MtpConstants.FORMAT_M3U_PLAYLIST);
            addFileType("M3U", FILE_TYPE_M3U, "application/x-mpegurl", MtpConstants.FORMAT_M3U_PLAYLIST);
            addFileType("PLS", FILE_TYPE_PLS, "audio/x-scpls", MtpConstants.FORMAT_PLS_PLAYLIST);
            addFileType("WPL", FILE_TYPE_WPL, "application/vnd.ms-wpl", MtpConstants.FORMAT_WPL_PLAYLIST);
            addFileType("M3U8", FILE_TYPE_HTTPLIVE, "application/vnd.apple.mpegurl");
            addFileType("M3U8", FILE_TYPE_HTTPLIVE, "audio/mpegurl");
            addFileType("M3U8", FILE_TYPE_HTTPLIVE, "audio/x-mpegurl");
    
            addFileType("FL", FILE_TYPE_FL, "application/x-android-drm-fl");
    
            addFileType("TXT", FILE_TYPE_TEXT, "text/plain", MtpConstants.FORMAT_TEXT);
            addFileType("HTM", FILE_TYPE_HTML, "text/html", MtpConstants.FORMAT_HTML);
            addFileType("HTML", FILE_TYPE_HTML, "text/html", MtpConstants.FORMAT_HTML);
            addFileType("PDF", FILE_TYPE_PDF, "application/pdf");
            addFileType("DOC", FILE_TYPE_MS_WORD, "application/msword", MtpConstants.FORMAT_MS_WORD_DOCUMENT);
            addFileType("XLS", FILE_TYPE_MS_EXCEL, "application/vnd.ms-excel", MtpConstants.FORMAT_MS_EXCEL_SPREADSHEET);
            addFileType("PPT", FILE_TYPE_MS_POWERPOINT, "application/vnd.ms-powerpoint", MtpConstants.FORMAT_MS_POWERPOINT_PRESENTATION);
            addFileType("FLAC", FILE_TYPE_FLAC, "audio/flac", MtpConstants.FORMAT_FLAC);
            addFileType("ZIP", FILE_TYPE_ZIP, "application/zip");
            addFileType("MPG", FILE_TYPE_MP2PS, "video/mp2p");
            addFileType("MPEG", FILE_TYPE_MP2PS, "video/mp2p");
    
            /// M: Add more Other popular file types to maps. {@
            addFileType("ICS", FILE_TYPE_ICS, "text/calendar");
            addFileType("ICZ", FILE_TYPE_ICZ, "text/calendar");
            addFileType("VCF", FILE_TYPE_VCF, "text/x-vcard");
            addFileType("VCS", FILE_TYPE_VCS, "text/x-vcalendar");
            addFileType("APK", FILE_TYPE_APK, "application/vnd.android.package-archive");
            addFileType("DOCX", FILE_TYPE_MS_WORD, "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document");
            addFileType("DOTX", FILE_TYPE_MS_WORD, "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.template");
            addFileType("XLSX", FILE_TYPE_MS_EXCEL, "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet");
            addFileType("XLTX", FILE_TYPE_MS_EXCEL, "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.template");
            addFileType("PPTX", FILE_TYPE_MS_POWERPOINT, "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation");
            addFileType("POTX", FILE_TYPE_MS_POWERPOINT, "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.template");
            addFileType("PPSX", FILE_TYPE_MS_POWERPOINT, "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.slideshow");
            /// @}
        }

    根据不同的MIME类型,显示不同的图标:

        /**
         * This method gets the drawable id based on the mimetype
         *
         * @param mimeType the mimeType of a file/folder
         * @return the drawable icon id based on the mimetype
         */
        public static int getDrawableId(Context context, String mimeType) {
            if (TextUtils.isEmpty(mimeType)) {
                return R.drawable.fm_unknown;
            } else if (mimeType.startsWith("application/vnd.android.package-archive")) {
                return R.drawable.fm_apk;
            } else if (mimeType.startsWith("application/zip")) {
                return R.drawable.fm_zip;
            } else if (mimeType.startsWith("application/ogg")) {
                return R.drawable.fm_audio;
            } else if (mimeType.startsWith("audio/")) {
                return R.drawable.fm_audio;
            } else if (mimeType.startsWith("image/")) {
                return R.drawable.fm_picture;
            } else if (mimeType.startsWith("text/")) {
                return R.drawable.fm_txt;
            } else if (mimeType.startsWith("video/")) {
                return R.drawable.fm_video;
            }
            return getCustomDrawableId(context, mimeType);
        }

    参考链接

    1. Android之Intent筛选多种类型文件

    2. Android MediaFile对常见MIME的定义

    
    
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/yongdaimi/p/12737413.html
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