ansible setup模块和gather_facts功能

前言

关于ansible的setup模块和gather_facts功能的介绍。

正文

1. setup模块

这个模块是ansible的自带模块，可以收集机器的一些信息。

1.1 用法

ansible host -m setup -a "filter=xxx", 此filter可以筛选关键词。

[root@vm1 ~]# ansible localhost -m setup
localhost | SUCCESS => {
    "ansible_facts": {
        "ansible_all_ipv4_addresses": [
            "192.168.1.106"
        ], 
        "ansible_all_ipv6_addresses": [
            "fe80::7fc4:6b7a:c1f:851f"
        ], 
        "ansible_apparmor": {
            "status": "disabled"
        }, 
        "ansible_architecture": "x86_64", 
        "ansible_bios_date": "05/18/2018", 
        "ansible_bios_version": "090007", 
        "ansible_cmdline": {
            "BOOT_IMAGE": "/vmlinuz-3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64", 
            "LANG": "en_US.UTF-8", 
            "crashkernel": "auto", 
            "quiet": true, 
            "rd.lvm.lv": "centos/swap", 
            "rhgb": true, 
            "ro": true, 
            "root": "/dev/mapper/centos-root"
        }, 
        "ansible_date_time": {
            "date": "2021-08-03", 
            "day": "03", 
            "epoch": "1627949682", 
            "hour": "08", 
            "iso8601": "2021-08-03T00:14:42Z", 
            "iso8601_basic": "20210803T081442627944", 
            "iso8601_basic_short": "20210803T081442", 
            "iso8601_micro": "2021-08-03T00:14:42.627944Z", 
            "minute": "14", 
            "month": "08", 
            "second": "42", 
            "time": "08:14:42", 
            "tz": "CST", 
            "tz_offset": "+0800", 
            "weekday": "星期二", 
            "weekday_number": "2", 
            "weeknumber": "31", 
            "year": "2021"
        }, 
        "ansible_default_ipv4": {
            "address": "192.168.1.106", 
            "alias": "eth0", 
            "broadcast": "192.168.1.255", 
            "gateway": "192.168.1.3", 
            "interface": "eth0", 
            "macaddress": "00:15:5d:4a:01:04", 
            "mtu": 1500, 
            "netmask": "255.255.255.0", 
            "network": "192.168.1.0", 
            "type": "ether"
        }, 
...
        "ansible_distribution": "CentOS", 
        "ansible_distribution_file_parsed": true, 
        "ansible_distribution_file_path": "/etc/redhat-release", 
        "ansible_distribution_file_variety": "RedHat", 
        "ansible_distribution_major_version": "7", 
        "ansible_distribution_release": "Core", 
        "ansible_distribution_version": "7.4", 
        "ansible_dns": {
            "nameservers": [
                "192.168.1.3"
            ]
        }, 
    ...
        "module_setup": true
    }, 
    "changed": false
}
[root@vm1 ~]# 

1.2 常用的关键词

ansible_all_ipv4_addresses  #所有机器的ipv4地址
ansible_all_ipv6_addresses  #所有机器的ipv6地址
ansible_date_time           #系统时间
ansible_kernel              #内核版本
ansible_default_ipv4	    #默认机器的ipv4地址
ansible_default_ipv6		#默认机器的ipv6地址
ansible_distribution		#linux系统发行版本，如centos，ubuntu，debian等
ansible_nodename			#主机名
ansible_pkg_mgr				#包管理器
ansible_python_version		#python版本

2. gather_facts

在ansible-playbook中，又一个gather_facts功能，如果我们使用，即可让ansible去收集各机的信息。

开启gather_facts有利有弊，虽然可以看到更多机器的信息，但是也需要更多执行时间。

因此我们需要按照需求决定是否使用。

- hosts: whatever
  gather_facts: no or yes  #决定是否开启收集功能