httprunner 3.x学习4

前言

如何将上个接口的返回token，传给下个接口当做请求参数? 这是最常见的一个问题了。
解决这个问题其实很简单，我们只需取出token值，设置为一个中间变量a，下个接口传这个变量a就可以了。那么接下来就是解决两个问题：

• 如何取出token值？
• 如何参数关联？

环境： httprunner==3.1.4

场景案例

我现在有一个登陆接口A,登陆成功后返回一个token值。有一个获取绑定卡号的接口B，但是接口B必须要先登录后传登录的token才能访问
A接口登录接口文档基本信息

• 访问地址：http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/login/
• 请求类型：POST
• 请求头部：application/json
• 请求参数：{"username":"test", "password":"123456"}

B接口获取绑定卡号的接口文档基本信息

• 访问地址：http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/userinfo/
• 请求类型：GET
• 请求头部：Content-Type: application/json
• 请求头部token参数： Authorization: Token xxxxx login token xxxxx

先不带token去访问接口B，使用命令行工具httpie测试接口

C:Usersdell>http http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/userinfo/
HTTP/1.1 401 Unauthorized
Allow: GET, POST, HEAD, OPTIONS
Content-Length: 58
Content-Type: application/json
Date: Sat, 21 Sep 2019 14:06:15 GMT
Server: WSGIServer/0.2 CPython/3.6.0
Vary: Accept
WWW-Authenticate: Token
X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN

{
    "detail": "Authentication credentials were not provided."
}

不带token会提示没权限访问：401 Unauthorized

接口测试

先使用接口测试工具测试下，用postman,或者fiddler都可以，我这里为了查看报文信息方便，用httpie命令行工具

先访问接口A获取token值234af73571da46ade79ea6a74961b1d23d609b79

D:>http http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/login/ username=test password=123456 -v
POST /api/v1/login/ HTTP/1.1
Accept: application/json, */*
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Connection: keep-alive
Content-Length: 42
Content-Type: application/json
Host: 127.0.0.1:8000
User-Agent: HTTPie/1.0.3

{
    "password": "123456",
    "username": "test"
}

HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Allow: POST, OPTIONS
Content-Length: 109
Content-Type: application/json
Date: Sat, 21 Sep 2019 15:37:06 GMT
Server: WSGIServer/0.2 CPython/3.6.0
Vary: Accept, Cookie
X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN

{
    "code": 0,
    "msg": "login success!",
    "token": "234af73571da46ade79ea6a74961b1d23d609b79",
    "username": "test"
}

传给下个接口B

D:>http http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/v1/userinfo/ Authorization:"Token b7e02c959fbae4c2a0d9094f6f9b9a35fa8aaa1e" -v
GET /api/v1/userinfo/ HTTP/1.1
Accept: */*
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Authorization: Token b7e02c959fbae4c2a0d9094f6f9b9a35fa8aaa1e
Connection: keep-alive
Host: 127.0.0.1:8000
User-Agent: HTTPie/1.0.3



HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Allow: GET, POST, HEAD, OPTIONS
Content-Length: 96
Content-Type: application/json
Date: Sat, 21 Sep 2019 16:04:25 GMT
Server: WSGIServer/0.2 CPython/3.6.0
Vary: Accept
X-Frame-Options: SAMEORIGIN

{
    "msg":"success!",
    "code":0,
    "data":[
        {
            "id":105,
            "name":"test",
            "sex":"F",
            "age":24,
            "mail":"xxx@qq.com",
            "create_time":"2020-06-12"
        }]
}

传头部参数用xx:xxxx格式，中间用冒号:，如：User-Agent:demo-agent/1.0 'Cookie:a=b;b=c' ,由于Authorization参数中间有空格，用双引号包起来

yml 格式参数关联

提取登录接口返回的 token 值，使用 extract 提取器

    extract:
        token: content.token         # 提取token

在 config 中使用 export 关键字导出变量，设置为全局变量，方便后面的步骤调用

config:
    name: logincase
    variables: {}
    export:
    - token

下个接口的用例引用token参数使用$token,完整的用例userinfo.yml如下

# 作者-上海悠悠 QQ交流群:717225969
# blog地址 https://www.cnblogs.com/yoyoketang/

config:
    name: logincase
    base_url: http://127.0.0.1:8000
    variables: {}
    export:
    - token
teststeps:
-
    name: step1 login
    request:
        url: /api/v1/login/
        method: POST
        headers:
            Content-Type: application/json
            User-Agent: python-requests/2.18.4
        json:
            username: test
            password: 123456
    extract:
        token: content.token         # 提取token
    validate:
        - eq: [status_code, 200]
        - eq: [headers.Content-Type, application/json]
        - eq: [content.msg, login success!]
        - eq: [content.code, 0]
-
    name: step2 get user info
    request:
        url: /api/v1/userinfo/
        method: GET
        headers:
            Content-Type: application/json
            User-Agent: python-requests/2.18.4
            Authorization: Token $token          # 引用token
    validate:
        - eq: [status_code, 200]
        - eq: [headers.Content-Type, application/json]
        - eq: [content.code, 0]
        - eq: [content.data.0.mail, 283340479@qq.com]

pytest 用例结构

config 中 export 导出，主要是为了关联做准备。导出的变量，主要是用于Step之间参数的传递。
如果导出多个变量，格式如下：

       .export(*["token", "var1", "var2"]

userinfo_test.py 对应的代码如下

# NOTE: Generated By HttpRunner v3.1.4
# FROM: userinfo.yml
# 作者-上海悠悠 QQ交流群:717225969
# blog地址 https://www.cnblogs.com/yoyoketang/

from httprunner import HttpRunner, Config, Step, RunRequest, RunTestCase


class TestCaseUserinfo(HttpRunner):

    config = Config("logincase").base_url("http://127.0.0.1:8000").export(*["token"])

    teststeps = [
        Step(
            RunRequest("step1 login")
            .post("/api/v1/login/")
            .with_headers(
                **{
                    "Content-Type": "application/json",
                    "User-Agent": "python-requests/2.18.4",
                }
            )
            .with_json({"username": "test", "password": 123456})
            .extract()
            .with_jmespath("body.token", "token")
            .validate()
            .assert_equal("status_code", 200)
            .assert_equal('headers."Content-Type"', "application/json")
            .assert_equal("body.msg", "login success!")
            .assert_equal("body.code", 0)
        ),
        Step(
            RunRequest("step2 get user info")
            .get("/api/v1/userinfo/")
            .with_headers(
                **{
                    "Content-Type": "application/json",
                    "User-Agent": "python-requests/2.18.4",
                    "Authorization": "Token $token",
                }
            )
            .validate()
            .assert_equal("status_code", 200)
            .assert_equal('headers."Content-Type"', "application/json")
            .assert_equal("body.code", 0)
            .assert_equal("body.data[0].mail", "283340479@qq.com")
        ),
    ]


if __name__ == "__main__":
    TestCaseUserinfo().test_start()