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  • python+requests+excel+unittest+ddt接口自动化数据驱动并生成html报告(已弃用)

    前言

    1.环境准备:

    • python3.6
    • requests
    • xlrd
    • openpyxl
    • HTMLTestRunner_api

    2.目前实现的功能:

    • 封装requests请求方法
    • 在excel填写接口请求参数
    • 运行完后,重新生成一个excel报告,结果写入excel
    • 用unittest+ddt数据驱动模式执行
    • HTMLTestRunner生成可视化的html报告
    • 对于没有关联的单个接口请求是可以批量执行的,需要登录的话写到setUpclass里的session里保持cookies
    • token关联的不能实现
    • logging日志文件暂时未加入

    3.目前已知的缺陷:

    • 无法实现参数关联:上个请求的结果是下个请求的参数,如token
    • 接口请求参数名有重复的,目前未处理,如key1=value1&key1=value2,两个key都一样,这种需要用元组存储,目前暂时未判断
    • 生成的excel样式未处理,后期慢慢优化样式
    • python新手可能遇到模块导入报错问题
    • 局限性太多,所以已经弃用!!谨慎入坑,换pytest框架了

    项目结构

    excel测试数据

    xlrd读excel数据

    1.先从excel里面读取测试数据,返回字典格式

    # coding:utf-8
    
    # 作者:上海-悠悠
    # QQ群:226296743
    
    import xlrd
    class ExcelUtil():
        def __init__(self, excelPath, sheetName="Sheet1"):
            self.data = xlrd.open_workbook(excelPath)
            self.table = self.data.sheet_by_name(sheetName)
            # 获取第一行作为key值
            self.keys = self.table.row_values(0)
            # 获取总行数
            self.rowNum = self.table.nrows
            # 获取总列数
            self.colNum = self.table.ncols
    
        def dict_data(self):
            if self.rowNum <= 1:
                print("总行数小于1")
            else:
                r = []
                j = 1
                for i in list(range(self.rowNum-1)):
                    s = {}
                    # 从第二行取对应values值
                    s['rowNum'] = i+2
                    values = self.table.row_values(j)
                    for x in list(range(self.colNum)):
                        s[self.keys[x]] = values[x]
                    r.append(s)
                    j += 1
                return r
    
    if __name__ == "__main__":
        filepath = "debug_api.xlsx"
        sheetName = "Sheet1"
        data = ExcelUtil(filepath, sheetName)
        print(data.dict_data())
    

    openpyxl写入数据

    1.再封装一个写入excel数据的方法

    # coding:utf-8
    from openpyxl import load_workbook
    import openpyxl
    
    # 作者:上海-悠悠
    # QQ群:226296743
    
    def copy_excel(excelpath1, excelpath2):
        '''复制excek,把excelpath1数据复制到excelpath2'''
        wb2 = openpyxl.Workbook()
        wb2.save(excelpath2)
        # 读取数据
        wb1 = openpyxl.load_workbook(excelpath1)
        wb2 = openpyxl.load_workbook(excelpath2)
        sheets1 = wb1.sheetnames
        sheets2 = wb2.sheetnames
        sheet1 = wb1[sheets1[0]]
        sheet2 = wb2[sheets2[0]]
        max_row = sheet1.max_row         # 最大行数
        max_column = sheet1.max_column   # 最大列数
    
        for m in list(range(1,max_row+1)):
            for n in list(range(97,97+max_column)):   # chr(97)='a'
                n = chr(n)                            # ASCII字符
                i ='%s%d'% (n, m)                     # 单元格编号
                cell1 = sheet1[i].value               # 获取data单元格数据
                sheet2[i].value = cell1               # 赋值到test单元格
    
        wb2.save(excelpath2)                 # 保存数据
        wb1.close()                          # 关闭excel
        wb2.close()
    
    class Write_excel(object):
        '''修改excel数据'''
        def __init__(self, filename):
            self.filename = filename
            self.wb = load_workbook(self.filename)
            self.ws = self.wb.active  # 激活sheet
    
        def write(self, row_n, col_n, value):
            '''写入数据,如(2,3,"hello"),第二行第三列写入数据"hello"'''
            self.ws.cell(row_n, col_n).value = value
            self.wb.save(self.filename)
    
    if __name__ == "__main__":
        copy_excel("debug_api.xlsx", "testreport.xlsx")
        wt = Write_excel("testreport.xlsx")
        wt.write(4, 5, "HELLEOP")
        wt.write(4, 6, "HELLEOP")
    
    

    封装request请求方法

    1.把从excel读处理的数据作为请求参数,封装requests请求方法,传入请求参数,并返回结果

    2.为了不污染测试的数据,出报告的时候先将测试的excel复制都应该新的excel

    3.把测试返回的结果,在新的excel里面写入数据

    # coding:utf-8
    import json
    import requests
    from excelddtdriver.common.readexcel import ExcelUtil
    from excelddtdriver.common.writeexcel import copy_excel, Write_excel
    
    # 作者:上海-悠悠
    # QQ群:226296743
    
    
    def send_requests(s, testdata):
        '''封装requests请求'''
        method = testdata["method"]
        url = testdata["url"]
        # url后面的params参数
        try:
            params = eval(testdata["params"])
        except:
            params = None
        # 请求头部headers
        try:
            headers = eval(testdata["headers"])
            print("请求头部:%s" % headers)
        except:
            headers = None
        # post请求body类型
        type = testdata["type"]
    
        test_nub = testdata['id']
        print("*******正在执行用例:-----  %s  ----**********" % test_nub)
        print("请求方式:%s, 请求url:%s" % (method, url))
        print("请求params:%s" % params)
    
        # post请求body内容
        try:
            bodydata = eval(testdata["body"])
        except:
            bodydata = {}
    
        # 判断传data数据还是json
        if type == "data":
            body = bodydata
        elif type == "json":
            body = json.dumps(bodydata)
        else:
            body = bodydata
        if method == "post": print("post请求body类型为:%s ,body内容为:%s" % (type, body))
    
        verify = False
        res = {}   # 接受返回数据
    
        try:
            r = s.request(method=method,
                          url=url,
                          params=params,
                          headers=headers,
                          data=body,
                          verify=verify
                           )
            print("页面返回信息:%s" % r.content.decode("utf-8"))
            res['id'] = testdata['id']
            res['rowNum'] = testdata['rowNum']
            res["statuscode"] = str(r.status_code)  # 状态码转成str
            res["text"] = r.content.decode("utf-8")
            res["times"] = str(r.elapsed.total_seconds())   # 接口请求时间转str
            if res["statuscode"] != "200":
                res["error"] = res["text"]
            else:
                res["error"] = ""
            res["msg"] = ""
            if testdata["checkpoint"] in res["text"]:
                res["result"] = "pass"
                print("用例测试结果:   %s---->%s" % (test_nub, res["result"]))
            else:
                res["result"] = "fail"
            return res
        except Exception as msg:
            res["msg"] = str(msg)
            return res
    
    def wirte_result(result, filename="result.xlsx"):
        # 返回结果的行数row_nub
        row_nub = result['rowNum']
        # 写入statuscode
        wt = Write_excel(filename)
        wt.write(row_nub, 8, result['statuscode'])       # 写入返回状态码statuscode,第8列
        wt.write(row_nub, 9, result['times'])            # 耗时
        wt.write(row_nub, 10, result['error'])            # 状态码非200时的返回信息
        wt.write(row_nub, 12, result['result'])           # 测试结果 pass 还是fail
        wt.write(row_nub, 13, result['msg'])           # 抛异常
    
    if __name__ == "__main__":
        data = ExcelUtil("debug_api.xlsx").dict_data()
        print(data[0])
        s = requests.session()
        res = send_requests(s, data[0])
        copy_excel("debug_api.xlsx", "result.xlsx")
        wirte_result(res, filename="result.xlsx")
    

    测试用例unittest+ddt

    1.测试用例用unittest框架组建,并用ddt数据驱动模式,批量执行用例

    # coding:utf-8
    import unittest
    import ddt
    import os
    import requests
    from excelddtdriver.common import base_api
    from excelddtdriver.common import readexcel
    from excelddtdriver.common import writeexcel
    
    # 作者:上海-悠悠
    # QQ群:226296743
    
    # 获取demo_api.xlsx路径
    curpath = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
    testxlsx = os.path.join(curpath, "demo_api.xlsx")
    
    # 复制demo_api.xlsx文件到report下
    report_path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(curpath), "report")
    reportxlsx = os.path.join(report_path, "result.xlsx")
    
    testdata = readexcel.ExcelUtil(testxlsx).dict_data()
    @ddt.ddt
    class Test_api(unittest.TestCase):
        @classmethod
        def setUpClass(cls):
            cls.s = requests.session()
            # 如果有登录的话,就在这里先登录了
            writeexcel.copy_excel(testxlsx, reportxlsx) # 复制xlsx
    
        @ddt.data(*testdata)
        def test_api(self, data):
            # 先复制excel数据到report
            res = base_api.send_requests(self.s, data)
    
            base_api.wirte_result(res, filename=reportxlsx)
            # 检查点 checkpoint
            check = data["checkpoint"]
            print("检查点->:%s"%check)
            # 返回结果
            res_text = res["text"]
            print("返回实际结果->:%s"%res_text)
            # 断言
            self.assertTrue(check in res_text)
    
    if __name__ == "__main__":
        unittest.main()
    

    生成报告

    1.用HTMLTestRunner生成html报告,我这里改了下名称,改成了HTMLTestRunner_api.py

    # coding=utf-8
    import unittest
    import time
    from excelddtdriver.common import HTMLTestRunner_api
    import os
    
    # 作者:上海-悠悠
    # QQ群:226296743
    
    curpath = os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__))
    report_path = os.path.join(curpath, "report")
    if not os.path.exists(report_path): os.mkdir(report_path)
    case_path = os.path.join(curpath, "case")
    
    def add_case(casepath=case_path, rule="test*.py"):
        '''加载所有的测试用例'''
        # 定义discover方法的参数
        discover = unittest.defaultTestLoader.discover(casepath,
                                                      pattern=rule,)
    
        return discover
    
    def run_case(all_case, reportpath=report_path):
        '''执行所有的用例, 并把结果写入测试报告'''
        htmlreport = reportpath+r"
    esult.html"
        print("测试报告生成地址:%s"% htmlreport)
        fp = open(htmlreport, "wb")
        runner = HTMLTestRunner_api.HTMLTestRunner(stream=fp,
                                                   verbosity=2,
                                                   title="测试报告",
                                                   description="用例执行情况")
    
        # 调用add_case函数返回值
        runner.run(all_case)
        fp.close()
    
    if __name__ == "__main__":
        cases = add_case()
        run_case(cases)
    
    

    2.生成的excel报告

    3.生成的html报告

    ---------------------------------python接口自动化已出书-------------------------
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    ---------------------------------python接口自动化完整版-------------------------

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    作者:上海-悠悠 QQ交流群:588402570

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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/yoyoketang/p/8628812.html
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