lambda表达式，stream、filter、collect、set、limit、findFirst、Map、mapToInt、Distinct、sort、sorted、assertEquals

要使用lambda表达式，必须装1.8以上的Java版本（包括1.8）
一 stream（流）
1 通过filter过滤掉不满足条件的属性值（普通类型）
显示list集合中不是bb的所有值

public class FirstClass {
@Test
public void test() {
    List<String> list=new ArrayList();
    list.add("aa");
    list.add("bb");
    list.add("cc");
    list.add("dd");
    list.add("ee");
    list.stream().filter(s -> null!=s&&!"bb".equals(s))
            .forEach(s -> System.out.println(s));
}
}

.filter(条件表达式，就是判断语句)
.forEach(要循环的值)，.forEach中的变量已经是过滤之后的了
2 通过.filter过滤引用类型，获取姓名不是aa对象的年龄

public class FirstClass {
@Test
public void test() {
Person person = new Person();
    person.setName("aa");
    person.setAge(10);
    Person person1 = new Person();
    person1.setName("bb");
    person1.setAge(11);
    Person person2 = new Person();
    person2.setName("cc");
    person2.setAge(12);
    List<Person> list=new ArrayList();
    list.add(person);
    list.add(person1);
    list.add(person2);
    list.stream().filter(p ->!p.getName().equals("aa"))
            .forEach(p->{ System.out.println(p.getAge()); } );
}
}

3 若是只想做一下过滤，不想输出，需要把过滤结果给其他人使用，怎么办？
.collect 是将.filter过滤完成的结果转为一个新的集合，需要用变量接收

import lombok.Data;
@Data
public class Person {
private int age;
private String name;
}


import org.junit.Test;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
public class FirstClass {
@Test
public void test() {
    Person person = new Person();
    person.setName("aa");
    person.setAge(10);
    Person person1 = new Person();
    person1.setName("bb");
    person1.setAge(11);
    Person person2 = new Person();
    person2.setName("cc");
    person2.setAge(12);
    List<Person> list=new ArrayList();
    list.add(person);
    list.add(person1);
    list.add(person2);
    List list1=list.stream().filter(p ->!p.getName().equals("aa"))
    .collect(Collectors.toList());
    for(int i=0;i<list1.size();i++){
        System.out.println(list1.get(i));
    }
}
}

4 set集合也可以用.collect接收过滤后的结果

import lombok.Data;
@Data
public class Person {
private int age;
private String name;
}


import org.junit.Test;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
public class FirstClass {
@Test
public void test() {
    Person person = new Person();
    person.setName("aa");
    person.setAge(10);
    Person person1 = new Person();
    person1.setName("bb");
    person1.setAge(11);
    Person person2 = new Person();
    person2.setName("cc");
    person2.setAge(12);
    Set<Person> set=new HashSet<>();
    set.add(person);
    set.add(person1);
    set.add(person2);
    Set  set1=set.stream().filter(p ->!p.getName().equals("aa"))
    .collect(Collectors.toSet());
    Iterator iterator=set1.iterator();
    while (iterator.hasNext()){
        Person s=(Person) iterator.next();
        System.out.println(s.getName());
    }
}
}

5 其实特性
limit 例：List.stream().limit(2)返回前两个集合

import lombok.Data;
@Data
public class Person {
private int age;
private String name;
}


import org.junit.Test;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
public class FirstClass {
@Test
public void test() {
    Person person = new Person();
    person.setName("aa");
    person.setAge(10);
    Person person1 = new Person();
    person1.setName("bb");
    person1.setAge(11);
    Person person2 = new Person();
    person2.setName("cc");
    person2.setAge(12);
    List list=new ArrayList();
    list.add(person);
    list.add(person1);
    list.add(person2);
    list.stream().limit(2).forEach(f->{
        System.out.println(f);
    });
}
}

6 count 例：List.stream().count()返回长度大小，与list.size()一个功能

public class Person {
private int age;
private String name;
}


import org.junit.Test;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
public class FirstClass {
@Test
public void test() {
    Person person = new Person();
    person.setName("aa");
    person.setAge(10);
    Person person1 = new Person();
    person1.setName("bb");
    person1.setAge(11);
    Person person2 = new Person();
    person2.setName("cc");
    person2.setAge(12);
    List list=new ArrayList();
    list.add(person);
    list.add(person1);
    list.add(person2);
    long a=list.stream().count();
    System.out.println(a);
}
}

7 findFirst 例：Optional p=list.stream().findFirst();返回集合中的第一个对象要用Optional接收，写入泛型类型

public class Person {
private int age;
private String name;
}


import org.junit.Test;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
public class FirstClass {
@Test
public void test() {
    Person person = new Person();
    person.setName("aa");
    person.setAge(10);
    Person person1 = new Person();
    person1.setName("bb");
    person1.setAge(11);
    Person person2 = new Person();
    person2.setName("cc");
    person2.setAge(12);
    List list=new ArrayList();
    list.add(person);
    list.add(person1);
    list.add(person2);
    Optional<Person> p=list.stream().findFirst();
    System.out.println(p);
}
}

8 Map就是将某个List内容转换成Map
例把两个人的年龄放到一个新的List里，map里的语法叫函数式接口
语法（引用类型::方法名）,就是遍历引用类型Person类，调用getName方法，将获取到的name放在一个新的集合list1里

public class Person {
private int age;
private String name;
}


import org.junit.Test;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
public class FirstClass {
@Test
public void test() {
    Person person = new Person();
    person.setName("aa");
    person.setAge(10);
    Person person1 = new Person();
    person1.setName("bb");
    person1.setAge(11);
    Person person2 = new Person();
    person2.setName("cc");
    person2.setAge(12);
    List<Person> list=new ArrayList();
    list.add(person);
    list.add(person1);
    list.add(person2);
    List list1=list.stream().map(Person::getName).collect(Collectors.toList());
    for(int i=0;i<list1.size();i++){
        System.out.println(list1.get(i));
    }
}
}

9 将List集合里的对象年龄相加，mapToInt(Person::getAge)，还可以mapToDouble还可mapToIong

public class Person {
private int age;
private String name;
}


import org.junit.Test;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
public class FirstClass {
@Test
public void test() {
    Person person = new Person();
    person.setName("aa");
    person.setAge(10);
    Person person1 = new Person();
    person1.setName("bb");
    person1.setAge(11);
    Person person2 = new Person();
    person2.setName("cc");
    person2.setAge(12);
    List<Person> list=new ArrayList();
    list.add(person);
    list.add(person1);
    list.add(person2);
    int ageSum=list.stream().mapToInt(Person::getAge).sum();
        System.out.println(ageSum);
}
}

map里要是一般值，不是对象怎么取值，直接get（“Key”）就好
@org.testng.annotations.Test
public void mapTest(){
    List<Map<String,String>> mapList=new ArrayList<>();
    Map<String,String> map =new HashMap<>();
    map.put("userName","aa" );
    map.put("age","十岁" );
    map.put("sex","女" );
    Map<String,String> map1 =new HashMap<>();
    map1.put("userName","bb" );
    map1.put("age","九岁" );
    map1.put("sex","男" );
    mapList.add(map);
    mapList.add(map1);
    List<Map<String,String>> mapList1=mapList.stream().
            filter(m ->m.get("userName").
                    equalsIgnoreCase("bb")).
            collect(Collectors.toList());
    for (Map m:mapList1){
        System.out.println(m);
    }
}

10 去重
Distinct:将多个相同内容只保留一个，与set相似，相同元素，只保留一个；据说对象去重要重写HashCode,但是下面这段代码并没有重写HashCode也实现了对象去重

public class Person {
private int age;
private String name;
}


import org.junit.Test;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
public class FirstClass {
@Test
public void test() {
    Person person = new Person();
    person.setName("aa");
    person.setAge(10);
    Person person1 = new Person();
    person1.setName("aa");
    person1.setAge(10);
    Person person2 = new Person();
    person2.setName("aa");
    person2.setAge(10);
    List<Person> list=new ArrayList();
    list.add(person);
    list.add(person1);
    list.add(person2);
    list.stream().distinct().forEach(p->{
        System.out.println(p);
    } );
}
}

11 对象排序方法1
对象排序要指定一个属性，因为对象中有很多个属性（例如：name、age、sex…），并不知道要用哪个属性排序
(Person p1,Person p2)指定的属性p1和p2是两两对比，调用的就是排序方法，排序用的是ASCII码表顺序作为排序依据

public class Person {
private int age;
private String name;
}


import org.junit.Test;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
public class FirstClass {
@Test
public void test() {
    Person person = new Person();
    person.setName("bb");
    person.setAge(10);
    Person person1 = new Person();
    person1.setName("zz");
    person1.setAge(11);
    Person person2 = new Person();
    person2.setName("xx");
    person2.setAge(12);
    List<Person> list=new ArrayList();
    list.add(person);
    list.add(person1);
    list.add(person2);
    list.sort((Person p1,Person p2) ->p1.getName().compareTo(p2.getName()));
    list.forEach(p-> {
        System.out.println(p.getName());
    });
}
}

**12 对象排序方法2（返序）

list.stream().sorted(Comparator.comparing(Person::getName));
    list.forEach(p-> {
        System.out.println(p.getName());
    });
    输出的还是bb  zz  xx  那就是没有排，name用.stream()的方式干什么呢？返序

在.sorted()后面加上.reversed()做返序排序；返序完成之后是一个新的流，要用一个变量接收（看清楚，是List list 是Person不是String），才能用forEach打印，或者在当前流直接forEach**

public class Person {
private int age;
private String name;
}


import org.junit.Test;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
public class FirstClass {
@Test
public void test() {
    Person person = new Person();
    person.setName("bb");
    person.setAge(10);
    Person person1 = new Person();
    person1.setName("zz");
    person1.setAge(11);
    Person person2 = new Person();
    person2.setName("xx");
    person2.setAge(12);
    List<Person> list=new ArrayList();
    list.add(person);
    list.add(person1);
    list.add(person2);
     list.stream().sorted(Comparator.comparing(Person::getName).reversed()).forEach(s ->{
         System.out.println(s.getName());
     });
}
}

13 如何将对象存入map里，从map里取出？

public class Person {
private int age;
private String name;
}


import org.junit.Test;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
public class FirstClass {
@Test
public void test() {
    Person person = new Person();
    person.setName("bb");
    person.setAge(10);
    Person person1 = new Person();
    person1.setName("zz");
    person1.setAge(11);
    Person person2 = new Person();
    person2.setName("xx");
    person2.setAge(12);
    Map<String,Person> map=new HashMap<>();
    map.put("AA",person );
    map.put("BB",person1 );
    map.put("CC",person2 );
    Person p=map.get("AA");
    System.out.println(p.getName());
}
}

14 如果我们不知道key的时候要获取name=bb这个对象的age，要怎么做？
对于map而言有一个约定，key用字符串存储，在lambda操作map里的值用数组保存

public class Person {
private int age;
private String name;
}


import org.junit.Test;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;
public class FirstClass {
@Test
public void test() {
    Person person = new Person();
    person.setName("bb");
    person.setAge(10);
    Person person1 = new Person();
    person1.setName("zz");
    person1.setAge(11);
    Person person2 = new Person();
    person2.setName("xx");
    person2.setAge(12);
    Map<String,Person> map=new HashMap<>();
    map.put("AA",person );
    map.put("BB",person1 );
    map.put("CC",person2 );
    map.forEach((k,v) ->{
        if(v.getName().equals("bb")){
            System.out.println(v.getAge());
        }
    });
}
}

15 在lambda表达式中操作Map里对象的值用数组保存
有3个老师，每个老师有2个属性：name、course，每个老师的姓名，所授课程不同，根据输入的课程判断该课程对应的老师是否与预期相同
1.Teacher 类

import lombok.Data;
@Data
public class Teacher {
 String name;
 String coures;
}

老师1继承Teacher 类

public class Xiaohu extends Teacher {
    public Xiaohu(String name,String coures){
    this.name=name;
    this.coures=coures;
}
}

老师2继承Teacher类

public class Xiaoli extends Teacher {
    public Xiaoli(String name,String coures){
    this.name=name;
    this.coures=coures;
}
}

老师3继承Teacher类

public class Xiaowanzi extends Teacher{
    public Xiaowanzi(String name,String coures){
    this.name=name;
    this.coures=coures;
}
}

业务类：实例化老师，做逻辑判断，获取的teacher的名字用数组接收，要先定义一个数组

import org.junit.Test;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import static org.junit.Assert.*;
public class TeacherTest {
public String teacherTest(String coures){
    Xiaoli xiaoli=new Xiaoli("xiaoli","java");
    Xiaohu xiaohu=new Xiaohu("xiaohu","APP");
    Xiaowanzi xiaowanzi=new Xiaowanzi("xiaowanzi","seleium");
    Map<String,Teacher> teacherMap =new HashMap<>();
    teacherMap.put("xiaoli", xiaoli);
    teacherMap.put("xiaohu",xiaohu);
    teacherMap.put("xiaowanzi", xiaowanzi);
    String [] name=new String[1];
    teacherMap.forEach((k,v) ->{
        if(v.getCoures().equals(coures)){
            name[0]=v.getName(); }});
    return name[0];
}

测试类，做检查点

@Test
public void test(){
    String name=teacherTest("java");
    assertEquals("校验老师名字","xiaoli" ,name);
}
}

assertEquals引import static org.junit.Assert.*;包，别引错包，第一个参数是输出文案，第二个参数是预期结果，第三个参数是实际结果