springMVC+jpa配置之简单案例

　　搭建springMVC+jpa的亲身经历，看着网上的博客，自己摸索着搭建框架结果错误一大堆。现在把流程走一遍，方便以后查看。

　　其中我遇到这样的一个问题：直接启动tomcat运行保存实体能通过，但是通过单元测试就报一下错误：

　　　　Caused by: javax.validation.ValidationException: Unable to instantiate Configuration.

     解决方法：

　　　　在persistence.xml中添加这个<property name="javax.persistence.validation.mode" value="none" /> 还是不行，然后百度了下，

　　　　myeclipse 安装目录下找到 EE_6这个目录把bean-validator.jar去掉了结果成功了。

　  但是我还是想不通，为啥删除那个就行了，而启动tomcat就不会，为啥tomcat会忽略这个问题。看到的大神还请指教。以下是行的通的，如有问题还请指教。（http://www.cnblogs.com/yuanfy008/p/4156287.html）

     第一步：准备相对应的jar包,其实我也不知道具体要用哪些包（这点需要我去学习的），先弄个大概的然后根据出现的错误一个一个的添加。

　　

　　第二步：配置web.xml

　　

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="3.0" 
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee 
    http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
  <display-name></display-name>    
    <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
      </welcome-file-list>
      <!-- spring事物配置 -->
       <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath*:spring-*.xml</param-value>
      </context-param>
      <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
      </listener>
      <!-- 全站编码过滤器 -->
      <filter>
        <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
              <param-name>encoding</param-name>
             <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
              <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
              <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
      </filter>
      <filter-mapping>
            <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
      </filter-mapping>
  
      <!-- springMVC配置器 -->
      <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
             <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
              <param-value>classpath*:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
      </servlet>
      <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
      </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

第三步：配置跟hibernate相关的xml文件 spring-orm.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" 
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd">

    <!-- 配置数据源  此段没用放到了persistence.xml-->    
    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test?characterEncoding=UTF-8"/>
        <property name="username" value="root"/>
        <property name="password" value="root"/>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 配置EntityManagerFactory -->
    <bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
        <property name="persistenceUnitName" value="test" />
        <property name="persistenceXmlLocation" value="classpath:META-INF/persistence.xml"></property>
    </bean>
    
    <!-- 配置jpa的事务管理器 -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
        <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory"></property>
    </bean>
    
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
</beans>

第四步：配置jpa的配置文件 persistence.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<persistence version="2.0"
    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence" 
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence
        http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_2_0.xsd">

    <persistence-unit name="test" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL">
         <provider>org.hibernate.ejb.HibernatePersistence</provider>
        <properties>
            <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
            <property name="hibernate.connection.url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test" />
            <property name="hibernate.connection.username" value="root" />
            <property name="hibernate.connection.password" value="root" />
            <property name="hibernate.show_sql" value="true" />
            <property name="hibernate.format_sql" value="false" />
            <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto" value="update" />
            <property name="javax.persistence.validation.mode" value="none" /> 
        </properties>
    </persistence-unit>
</persistence>

第五步：配置springMVC相关的配置文件，spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
 xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"  
 xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"  
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd  
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd  
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc  
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">
    <!-- 引入注解类      
        下面两个都可以注释
     -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

    <!-- 文件上传配置 -->
    <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
          <property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8" />
          <property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760000" />
          <property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960" />
    </bean>
    

    <!-- 静态资源访问配置 -->
    <mvc:resources location="/img/" mapping="/img/**"/>
    <mvc:resources location="/topui/" mapping="/topui/**"/>
    <!-- 视图解析器 -->
    <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>
 </beans>  

第六步：然后用一个总的文件囊括这个几个配置文件，单元测试的时候就少些很多这些配置文件。spring-sevlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
 xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
 xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"  
 xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"  
 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd  
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context  
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd  
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc  
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">
    <context:annotation-config />
    <!-- 注解扫描包 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.bank.*"/>
    
    <import resource="spring-mvc.xml"/>
    <import resource="spring-orm.xml"/>
        
</beans>

相应的配置完了，然后我们写个实体类，进行单元测试。我们这就以用户user为例。

@Entity
public class User {
    
    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(generator = "uuidGenerator")
    @GenericGenerator(name = "uuidGenerator", strategy = "uuid") 
    @Column(length = 32, nullable = false)
    private String userId;
    
    private String userName;

    public String getUserId() {
        return userId;
    }

    public void setUserId(String userId) {
        this.userId = userId;
    }

    public String getUserName() {
        return userName;
    }

    public void setUserName(String userName) {
        this.userName = userName;
    }
}

对应的dao层IUserDAO如下：

public interface IUserDAO {
    
    public void save(User user);
}

对应的UserDAO如下：

@Repository
public class UserDAO implements IUserDAO {

	@PersistenceContext(unitName="test")
	private EntityManager entityManager;
	
	
	@Transactional(rollbackFor = Exception.class)
	@Override
	public void save(User user) {
		
		//System.out.println(entityManagerFactory);
		this.entityManager.persist(user);
		System.out.println("---"+user.getUserId());
	}
}

然后经典的单元测试来了，如下：

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations={"classpath:spring-servlet.xml"})
@TransactionConfiguration(defaultRollback = false)
public class UserTest {
    
    @Resource
    private  IUserDAO userDAO ;
    
    @Before
    public void start(){
        System.out.println("测试开始---");
    }
    @After
    public void end(){
        System.out.println("测试over---");
    }
    
    @Test
    public void test1(){
        User user = new User();
        user.setUserName("test");
        userDAO.save(user);
        //System.out.println(userDAO);
    }
}

测试输出如下：

测试开始---
---2c92de9e4a340533014a340537290000
Hibernate: insert into User (userName, userId) values (?, ?)
测试over---