今日工作心得：关于C#读取Excel的一些资料

需要做一个关于C#读取Excel的工具，搜集了一些基本的资料：

1.链接方式：

For excel 2007:

string strCon = "Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;Data Source=" + str + ";Extended Properties=\"Excel 12.0;HDR=YES\"";
For excel2003:

string strCon = " Provider = Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0 ; Data Source ="+str+";Extended Properties=Excel 8.0";

2.导入sqlserver方式：

将oledb读取的excel数据快速插入的sqlserver中，很多人通过循环来拼接sql，这样做不但容易出错而且效率低下，最好的办法是使用bcp，也就是System.Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy 类来实现。不但速度快，而且代码简单，下面测试代码导入一个6万多条数据的sheet，包括读取（全部读取比较慢）在我的开发环境中只需要10秒左右，而真正的导入过程只需要4.5秒。

using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.Data.OleDb;
namespace WindowsApplication2
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            //测试，将excel中的sheet1导入到sqlserver中
            string connString = "server=localhost;uid=sa;pwd=sqlgis;database=master";
            System.Windows.Forms.OpenFileDialog fd = new OpenFileDialog();
            if (fd.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
            {
                TransferData(fd.FileName, "sheet1", connString);
            }
        }

        public void TransferData(string excelFile, string sheetName, string connectionString)
        {
            DataSet ds = new DataSet();
            try
            {
                //获取全部数据
                string strConn = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;" + "Data Source=" + excelFile + ";" + "Extended Properties=Excel 8.0;";
                OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection(strConn);
                conn.Open();
                string strExcel = "";
                OleDbDataAdapter myCommand = null;
                strExcel = string.Format("select * from [{0}$]", sheetName);
                myCommand = new OleDbDataAdapter(strExcel, strConn);
                myCommand.Fill(ds, sheetName);

                //如果目标表不存在则创建
                string strSql = string.Format("if object_id('{0}') is null create table {0}(", sheetName);
                foreach (System.Data.DataColumn c in ds.Tables[0].Columns)
                {
                    strSql += string.Format("[{0}] varchar(255),", c.ColumnName);
                }
                strSql = strSql.Trim(',') + ")";

                using (System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection sqlconn = new System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection(connectionString))
                {
                    sqlconn.Open();
                    System.Data.SqlClient.SqlCommand command = sqlconn.CreateCommand();
                    command.CommandText = strSql;
                    command.ExecuteNonQuery();
                    sqlconn.Close();
                }
                //用bcp导入数据
                using (System.Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy bcp = new System.Data.SqlClient.SqlBulkCopy(connectionString))
                {
                    bcp.SqlRowsCopied += new System.Data.SqlClient.SqlRowsCopiedEventHandler(bcp_SqlRowsCopied);
                    bcp.BatchSize = 100;//每次传输的行数
                    bcp.NotifyAfter = 100;//进度提示的行数
                    bcp.DestinationTableName = sheetName;//目标表
                    bcp.WriteToServer(ds.Tables[0]);
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
            }

        }

        //进度显示
        void bcp_SqlRowsCopied(object sender, System.Data.SqlClient.SqlRowsCopiedEventArgs e)
        {
            this.Text = e.RowsCopied.ToString();
            this.Update();
        }

    }
}

上面的TransferData基本可以直接使用，如果要考虑周全的话，可以用oledb来获取excel的表结构，并且加入ColumnMappings来设置对照字段，这样效果就完全可以做到和sqlserver的dts相同的效果了。

出处：http://blog.csdn.net/jinjazz/archive/2008/07/14/2650506.aspx

3.通过oledb获取excel文件表结构信息

using  System;
namespace ConsoleApplication11
{
    class Program
    {
        public static void Main()
        {
            getExcelFileInfo(@" c:a.xls ");
        }
        private static void getExcelFileInfo(string Path)
        {
            string strConn = " Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0; " + " Data Source= " + Path + " ; " + " Extended Properties=Excel 8.0; ";
            System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnection conn = new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnection(strConn);
            conn.Open();
            System.Data.DataTable table = conn.GetOleDbSchemaTable(System.Data.OleDb.OleDbSchemaGuid.Tables, null);

            foreach (System.Data.DataRow drow in table.Rows)
            {
                string TableName = drow[" Table_Name "].ToString();
                Console.WriteLine(TableName + " : ");
                System.Data.DataTable tableColumns = conn.GetOleDbSchemaTable(System.Data.OleDb.OleDbSchemaGuid.Columns, new object[] { null, null, TableName, null });
                foreach (System.Data.DataRow drowColumns in tableColumns.Rows)
                {
                    string ColumnName = drowColumns[" Column_Name "].ToString();
                    Console.WriteLine(" " + ColumnName);
                }
            }
            Console.ReadKey(true);
        }
    }
}

 
出处：http://blog.csdn.net/jinjazz/archive/2008/05/13/2441635.aspx