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  • iOS笔记之Appearance方法

    iOS 5及其以后提供了一个比较强大的工具UIAppearance,我们通过UIAppearance设置一些UI的全局效果,这样就可以很方便的实现UI的自定义效果又能最简单的实现统一界面风格,但是需要注意使用细则:

    但是它并不是支持所有的UI类。下面列出它支持的类
      1.UIActivitiIndicatorView
      2.UIBarButtonItem
      3.UIBarItem
      4.UINavgationBar
      5.UIPopoverControll
      6.UIProgressView
      7.UISearchBar
      8.UISegmentControll
      9.UISlider
      10.UISwitch
      11.UITabBar
      12.UITabBarItem
      13.UIToolBar
      14.UIView
      15.UIViewController


    1、控件遵守了UIAppearance协议,才能对控件进行appearance设置
    2、只有被UI_APPEARANCE_SELECTOR这个宏修饰的属性才能使用appearance进行设置,其他属性则不具备该功能
    3、appearance设置需要在该控制显示之前设置完成,否则可能无效

    它提供如下两个方法:

    + (id)appearance;

    这个方法是统一全部改,比如你设置UINavigationBar的tintColor,你可以这样写:

    [[UINavigationBar appearance] setTintColor:myColor];
    + (id)appearanceWhenContainedIn:(Class <>)ContainerClass,...

    这个方法可设置某个类的改变,例如:
    设置UIBarButtonItem 在UINavigationBar、UIPopoverController、UITabbar中的效果,就可以这样写:

    [[UIBarButtonItem appearanceWhenContainedIn:[UINavigationBar class], 
      [UIPopoverController class],[UITabbar class],nil] setTintColor:myColor];

    请注意:使用appearance设置UI效果最好采用全局的设置,在所有界面初始化前开始设置,否则可能失效。

    具体UI外观修改如下:

    1.修改导航栏背景
    代码如下:

    UINavigationBar * appearance = [UINavigationBar appearance];
    UIImage *navBgImg =[UIImage imageNamed:@"bgImage"];
    
    [appearance setBackgroundImage:navBgImg forBarMetrics:
      UIBarMetricsDefault];

    2.标签栏(UITabbar)
    代码如下:

    UITabBar *appearance = [UITabBar appearance];
    //设置背景图片
    [appearance setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"bgImage"]];
    //设置选择item的背景图片
    UIImage * selectedImage =[[UIImage imageNamed:@"sliderImage"]
      resizableImageWithCapInsets:UIEdgeInsetsMake(2, 2, 2, 2)] ;
    [appearance setSelectionIndicatorImage:selectedImage];

    3.分段控件(UISegmentControl)
    代码如下:

    UISegmentedControl *appearance = [UISegmentedControl appearance];
    
    //Segmenteg正常背景
    [appearance setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"image"]
                          forState:UIControlStateNormal
                        barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
    
    //Segmente选中背景
    [appearance setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"bgImage"]
                         forState:UIControlStateSelected
                       barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
    
    /*
    Segmente左右都未选中时的分割线
    BarMetrics表示navigation bar的状态,UIBarMetricsDefault 表示
    portrait状态(44pixel height),UIBarMetricsLandscapePhone 
    表示landscape状态(32pixel height
    */
    
    [appearance setDividerImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"line"]
            forLeftSegmentState:UIControlStateNormal
              rightSegmentState:UIControlStateNormal
                     barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
    
    [appearance setDividerImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"line"]
            forLeftSegmentState:UIControlStateSelected
              rightSegmentState:UIControlStateNormal
                     barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
    
    [appearance setDividerImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"line"]
            forLeftSegmentState:UIControlStateNormal
              rightSegmentState:UIControlStateSelected
                     barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
    
    //字体
    NSDictionary *textAtt1 = @{ 
    NSFontAttributeName: [UIFont systemFontOfSize:18], 
    NSForegroundColorAttributeName: [UIColor blueColor], 
    NSShadowAttributeName: [UIColor whiteColor]};
    
    [appearance setTitleTextAttributes:textAtt1 forState:1];
    
    NSDictionary *textAtt2 = @{ 
    NSFontAttributeName: [UIFont systemFontOfSize:18],
    NSForegroundColorAttributeName: [UIColor blueColor], 
    NSShadowAttributeName: [UIColor whiteColor]};
    
    [appearance setTitleTextAttributes:textAtt2 forState:0];

    4.UIBarbutton
    注意:UIBarbutton有leftBarButton,rightBarButton和backBarButton,其中backBarButton由于带有箭头,需要单独设置。barButton背景设置是ios6.0及以后的,而backbutton是ios5.0及以后的,这里要注意!

    代码如下:

    //修改导航条上的UIBarButtonItem
    UIBarButtonItem *appearance = [UIBarButtonItem appearanceWhenContainedIn:
      [UINavigationBar class], nil];
    
    //设置导航栏的字体包括backBarButton和leftBarButton,rightBarButton的字体
    NSDictionary *textAttributes = @{ 
    NSFontAttributeName: [UIFont systemFontOfSize:18], 
    NSForegroundColorAttributeName: [UIColor blueColor], 
    NSShadowAttributeName: [UIColor whiteColor]};
    
    [appearance setTitleTextAttributes:textAttributes forState:1];
    //forState为0时为下正常状态,为1时为点击状态。
    
    //修改leftBarButton,rightBarButton背景效果
    [appearance setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"image"]
                          forState:UIControlStateNormal
                             style:UIBarButtonItemStyleBordered
                        barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
    
    [appearance setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"image"]
                          forState:UIControlStateHighlighted
                             style:UIBarButtonItemStyleBordered
                        barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
    
    //backBarButton需要单独设置背景效果,只能在ios6.0以后才能用
    [appearance setBackButtonBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"bgImage"]
                                    forState:0
                                  barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
    
    [appearance setBackButtonBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"image"]
                                    forState:1
                                  barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
    
    [appearance setBackButtonTitlePositionAdjustment:UIOffsetMake(2, -1)
                                       forBarMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];

    5.工具栏(UIToolbar)

    UIToolbar *appearance = [UIToolbar appearance];
    //样式和背景二选一即可,看需求了
    //样式(黑色半透明,不透明等)设置
    [appearance setBarStyle:UIBarStyleBlackTranslucent];
    //背景设置
    [appearance setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"bgImage"]
                forToolbarPosition:UIToolbarPositionAny
                        barMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
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  • 原文地址:https://www.cnblogs.com/yujidewu/p/7488160.html
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