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  • 常见的爬虫分析库（4）-爬虫之PyQuery

    官方文档：http://pyquery.readthedocs.io/

    安装

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    pip install pyquery

    初始化

    字符串初始化

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    html = '''
    <div>
        <ul>
             <li class="item-0">first item</li>
             <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
             <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
             <li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
             <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
         </ul>
     </div>
    '''
    from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
    doc = pq(html)
    print(doc('li'))
     View Code

    URL初始化

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    from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
    doc = pq(url='http://www.baidu.com')
    print(doc('head'))
     View Code

    文件初始化

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    from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
    doc = pq(filename='demo.html')
    print(doc('li'))
     View Code

    基本CSS选择器

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    html = '''
    <div id="container">
        <ul class="list">
             <li class="item-0">first item</li>
             <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
             <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
             <li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
             <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
         </ul>
     </div>
    '''
    from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
    doc = pq(html)
    print(doc('#container .list li'))
     View Code

    查找元素

    子元素

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    html = '''
    <div id="container">
        <ul class="list">
             <li class="item-0">first item</li>
             <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
             <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
             <li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
             <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
         </ul>
     </div>
    '''
    from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
    doc = pq(html)
    items = doc('.list')
    print(type(items))
    print(items)
    lis = items.find('li')
    print(type(lis))
    print(lis)
     View Code
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    html = '''
    <div id="container">
        <ul class="list">
             <li class="item-0">first item</li>
             <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
             <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
             <li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
             <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
         </ul>
     </div>
    '''
    from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
    doc = pq(html)
    items = doc('.list')
    lis = items.children()
    print(type(lis))
    print(lis)
     View Code
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    html = '''
    <div id="container">
        <ul class="list">
             <li class="item-0">first item</li>
             <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
             <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
             <li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
             <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
         </ul>
     </div>
    '''
    from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
    doc = pq(html)
    items = doc('.list')
    lis = items.children('.active')
    print(lis)
     View Code

    父元素

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    html = '''
    <div id="container">
        <ul class="list">
             <li class="item-0">first item</li>
             <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
             <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
             <li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
             <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
         </ul>
     </div>
    '''
    from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
    doc = pq(html)
    items = doc('.list')
    container = items.parent()
    print(type(container))
    print(container)
     View Code
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    html = '''
    <div class="wrap">
        <div id="container">
            <ul class="list">
                 <li class="item-0">first item</li>
                 <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
                 <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
                 <li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
                 <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
             </ul>
         </div>
     </div>
    '''
    from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
    doc = pq(html)
    items = doc('.list')
    parents = items.parents()
    print(type(parents))
    print(parents)
     View Code
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    parent = items.parents('.wrap')
    print(parent)
     View Code

    兄弟元素

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    html = '''
    <div class="wrap">
        <div id="container">
            <ul class="list">
                 <li class="item-0">first item</li>
                 <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
                 <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
                 <li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
                 <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
             </ul>
         </div>
     </div>
    '''
    from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
    doc = pq(html)
    li = doc('.list .item-0.active')
    print(li.siblings())
     View Code
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    html = '''
    <div class="wrap">
        <div id="container">
            <ul class="list">
                 <li class="item-0">first item</li>
                 <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
                 <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
                 <li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
                 <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
             </ul>
         </div>
     </div>
    '''
    from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
    doc = pq(html)
    li = doc('.list .item-0.active')
    print(li.siblings('.active'))
     View Code

    遍历

    单个元素

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    html = '''
    <div class="wrap">
        <div id="container">
            <ul class="list">
                 <li class="item-0">first item</li>
                 <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
                 <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
                 <li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
                 <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
             </ul>
         </div>
     </div>
    '''
    from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
    doc = pq(html)
    li = doc('.item-0.active')
    print(li)
     View Code
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    html = '''
    <div class="wrap">
        <div id="container">
            <ul class="list">
                 <li class="item-0">first item</li>
                 <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
                 <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
                 <li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
                 <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
             </ul>
         </div>
     </div>
    '''
    from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
    doc = pq(html)
    lis = doc('li').items()
    print(type(lis))
    for li in lis:
        print(li)
     View Code

    获取信息

    获取属性

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    html = '''
    <div class="wrap">
        <div id="container">
            <ul class="list">
                 <li class="item-0">first item</li>
                 <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
                 <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
                 <li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
                 <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
             </ul>
         </div>
     </div>
    '''
    from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
    doc = pq(html)
    a = doc('.item-0.active a')
    print(a)
    print(a.attr('href'))
    print(a.attr.href)
     View Code

    获取文本

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    html = '''
    <div class="wrap">
        <div id="container">
            <ul class="list">
                 <li class="item-0">first item</li>
                 <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
                 <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
                 <li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
                 <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
             </ul>
         </div>
     </div>
    '''
    from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
    doc = pq(html)
    a = doc('.item-0.active a')
    print(a)
    print(a.text())
     View Code

    获取HTML

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    html = '''
    <div class="wrap">
        <div id="container">
            <ul class="list">
                 <li class="item-0">first item</li>
                 <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
                 <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
                 <li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
                 <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
             </ul>
         </div>
     </div>
    '''
    from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
    doc = pq(html)
    li = doc('.item-0.active')
    print(li)
    print(li.html())
     View Code

    DOM操作

    addClass、removeClass

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    html = '''
    <div class="wrap">
        <div id="container">
            <ul class="list">
                 <li class="item-0">first item</li>
                 <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
                 <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
                 <li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
                 <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
             </ul>
         </div>
     </div>
    '''
    from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
    doc = pq(html)
    li = doc('.item-0.active')
    print(li)
    li.removeClass('active')
    print(li)
    li.addClass('active')
    print(li)
     View Code

    attr、css

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    html = '''
    <div class="wrap">
        <div id="container">
            <ul class="list">
                 <li class="item-0">first item</li>
                 <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
                 <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
                 <li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
                 <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
             </ul>
         </div>
     </div>
    '''
    from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
    doc = pq(html)
    li = doc('.item-0.active')
    print(li)
    li.attr('name', 'link')
    print(li)
    li.css('font-size', '14px')
    print(li)
     View Code

    remove

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    html = '''
    <div class="wrap">
        Hello, World
        <p>This is a paragraph.</p>
     </div>
    '''
    from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
    doc = pq(html)
    wrap = doc('.wrap')
    print(wrap.text())
    wrap.find('p').remove()
    print(wrap.text())
     View Code

    其他DOM方法 http://pyquery.readthedocs.io/en/latest/api.html

    伪类选择器

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    html = '''
    <div class="wrap">
        <div id="container">
            <ul class="list">
                 <li class="item-0">first item</li>
                 <li class="item-1"><a href="link2.html">second item</a></li>
                 <li class="item-0 active"><a href="link3.html"><span class="bold">third item</span></a></li>
                 <li class="item-1 active"><a href="link4.html">fourth item</a></li>
                 <li class="item-0"><a href="link5.html">fifth item</a></li>
             </ul>
         </div>
     </div>
    '''
    from pyquery import PyQuery as pq
    doc = pq(html)
    li = doc('li:first-child')
    print(li)
    li = doc('li:last-child')
    print(li)
    li = doc('li:nth-child(2)')
    print(li)
    li = doc('li:gt(2)')
    print(li)
    li = doc('li:nth-child(2n)')
    print(li)
    li = doc('li:contains(second)')
    print(li)
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  • 原文地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/yunlongaimeng/p/9802108.html
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