Python+selenium 【第十章】封装config类,读取配置文件,封装驱动类,适配windows/mac

前情提要:

　　　　上一章节我们说到的是对页面元素的excel读取以及封装,讲到了操作excel操作,本章节将告诉读者如何让脚本自动执行属于不同系统的浏览器驱动,封装配置文件库,方便数据读取

首先我们要了解一下ini文件:

　　使用配置文件来灵活的配置一些参数是一件很常见的事情，配置文件的解析并不复杂，在python里更是如此，在官方发布的库中就包含有做这件事情的库，那就是configParser

configParser解析的配置文件的格式比较象ini的配置文件格式，就是文件中由多个section构成，每个section下又有多个配置项

ini文件格式

 
[section0]
 
key0 = value0
key1 = value1
 
[section1]
 
key2 = value2
key3 = value3

注意: section不能重复，里面数据通过section去查找，每个seletion下可以有多个key和vlaue的键值对，注释用英文分号(;)

• 如何读取ini文件

　　

　　python3里面自带configparser模块来读取ini文件

设置配置文件

# 配置文件处理
[DEFAULT]
# 测试网站主页面
URL = http://shop.aircheng.com/
# 默认等待时间
TIME_OUT = 5

• 新建config_utils.py文件

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time : 2022/1/4 19:34
# @Author : Limusen
# @File : config_utils


import os
import configparser

current_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
conf_path = os.path.join(current_path, '..', 'config', 'config.ini')


class ConfigUtils:

    def __init__(self):
        self.cfg = configparser.ConfigParser()
        self.cfg.read(conf_path, encoding="utf-8")

    @property
    def get_host(self):
        return self.cfg.get("DEFAULT", "url")

    @property
    def time_out(self):
        return self.cfg.get("DEFAULT","time_out")

local_config = ConfigUtils()

print(local_config.time_out)
print(local_config.get_host)

• 优化代码 优化element_excel_utils.py中的超时时间采用配置文件中的5

• 封装驱动类

这里我们需要用到os模块跟系统模块sys

os模块需要获取我们存放驱动的路径. sys模块主要是为了让脚本区分当前是在windows还是mac环境

• demo_browser_22.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time : 2022/1/4 19:46
# @Author : Limusen
# @File : demo_browser_22

import os
from selenium import webdriver
# 引入系统类
import sys

# 获取项目顶层路径
current_path = os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__))))
# print(current_path)

# 谷歌驱动地址
chrome_path = os.path.join(current_path, 'webdriver', 'chrome', 'chromedriver93.exe')
# print(chrome_path)

# 火狐驱动地址
firefox_path = os.path.join(current_path, 'webdriver', 'firefox', 'geckodriver.exe')
# print(firefox_path)

# 　edge驱动地址
edge_path = os.path.join(current_path, 'webdriver', 'edge', 'msedgedriver.exe')
# print(edge_path)

# driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=chrome_path)
# driver.get("https://www.baidu.com")
#
# driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path=firefox_path)
# driver.get("https://www.baidu.com")
#
# driver = webdriver.Edge(executable_path=edge_path)
# driver.get("https://www.baidu.com")

# 可以判断当前是mac还是windows
system_driver = sys.platform

if system_driver.lower() == "darwin":
    print("当前是mac环境")
else:
    print("当前是windows环境")

• 新建browser_utils.py

先封装简易代码

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time : 2022/1/4 19:44
# @Author : Limusen
# @File : browser_utils
#　封装驱动类

import os
import sys
from selenium import webdriver
from common.config_utils import local_config

current_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
system_driver = sys.platform


class BrowserUtils:

    def __init__(self):
        self.driver_name = local_config.driver_name

    def get_chrome_driver(self):
        # 先封装简易代码
        chrome_path = os.path.join(current_path, '..', 'webdriver', 'chrome', 'chromedriver93.exe')
        driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=chrome_path)
        return driver

    def get_firefox_driver(self):
        firefox_path = os.path.join(current_path, '..', 'webdriver', 'firefox', 'geckodriver.exe')
        driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path=firefox_path)
        return driver

    def get_edge_driver(self):
        edge_path = os.path.join(current_path, '..', 'webdriver', 'edge', 'msedgedriver.exe')
        driver = webdriver.Edge(executable_path=edge_path)
        return driver


if __name__ == '__main__':
    driver = BrowserUtils().get_edge_driver()
    driver.get("https://www.baidu.com")

继续封装,通过一个方法调用不同的驱动,做成私有化

在config.ini文件当中新增驱动chrome

继续优化代码

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time : 2022/1/4 19:44
# @Author : Limusen
# @File : browser_utils
# 　封装驱动类

import os
import sys
from selenium import webdriver
from common.config_utils import local_config

current_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
system_driver = sys.platform


class BrowserUtils:

    def __init__(self):
        self.driver_name = local_config.driver_name

    def get_driver(self):
        if self.driver_name.lower() == 'chrome':
            return self.__get_chrome_driver()
        elif self.driver_name.lower() == 'firefox':
            return self.__get_firefox_driver()
        elif self.driver_name.lower() == 'edge':
            return self.__get_edge_driver()

    def __get_chrome_driver(self):
        # 先封装简易代码
        chrome_path = os.path.join(current_path, '..', 'webdriver', 'chrome', 'chromedriver93.exe')
        driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=chrome_path)
        return driver

    def __get_firefox_driver(self):
        firefox_path = os.path.join(current_path, '..', 'webdriver', 'firefox', 'geckodriver.exe')
        driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path=firefox_path)
        return driver

    def __get_edge_driver(self):
        edge_path = os.path.join(current_path, '..', 'webdriver', 'edge', 'msedgedriver.exe')
        driver = webdriver.Edge(executable_path=edge_path)
        return driver


if __name__ == '__main__':
    driver = BrowserUtils().get_driver()
    driver.get("https://www.baidu.com")

加入系统判断

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time : 2022/1/4 19:44
# @Author : Limusen
# @File : browser_utils
# 　封装驱动类

import os
import sys
from selenium import webdriver
from common.config_utils import local_config

current_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
system_driver = sys.platform


class BrowserUtils:

    def __init__(self):
        self.driver_name = local_config.driver_name

    def get_driver(self):
        if self.driver_name.lower() == 'chrome':
            return self.__get_chrome_driver()
        elif self.driver_name.lower() == 'firefox':
            return self.__get_firefox_driver()
        elif self.driver_name.lower() == 'edge':
            return self.__get_edge_driver()

    def __get_chrome_driver(self):
        # 先封装简易代码
        # 加入系统环境判断
        if system_driver.lower() == "darwin":
            """如果是mac系统执行这个驱动"""
            chrome_path = os.path.join(current_path, '..', 'webdriver', 'chrome', 'chromedriver.exe')
            driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=chrome_path)
            return driver
        else:
            chrome_path = os.path.join(current_path, '..', 'webdriver', 'chrome', 'chromedriver93.exe')
            driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=chrome_path)
            return driver

    def __get_firefox_driver(self):
        if system_driver.lower() == "darwin":
            firefox_path = os.path.join(current_path, '..', 'webdriver', 'firefox', 'geckodriver')
            driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path=firefox_path)
            return driver
        else:
            firefox_path = os.path.join(current_path, '..', 'webdriver', 'firefox', 'geckodriver.exe')
            driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path=firefox_path)
            return driver

    def __get_edge_driver(self):
        """
        驱动下载地址：https://developer.microsoft.com/zh-cn/microsoft-edge/tools/webdriver/
        :return:
        """
        edge_path = os.path.join(current_path, '..', 'webdriver', 'edge', 'msedgedriver.exe')
        driver = webdriver.Edge(executable_path=edge_path)
        return driver


if __name__ == '__main__':
    driver = BrowserUtils().get_driver()
    driver.get("https://www.baidu.com")

去除浏览器提示白条

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @Time : 2022/1/4 19:44
# @Author : Limusen
# @File : browser_utils
# 　封装驱动类

import os
import sys
import warnings
from selenium import webdriver
from common.config_utils import local_config
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options

current_path = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
system_driver = sys.platform


class BrowserUtils:

    def __init__(self):
        # 去除控制台警告
        warnings.filterwarnings("ignore", category=DeprecationWarning)
        self.driver_name = local_config.driver_name

    def get_driver(self):
        if self.driver_name.lower() == 'chrome':
            return self.__get_chrome_driver()
        elif self.driver_name.lower() == 'firefox':
            return self.__get_firefox_driver()
        elif self.driver_name.lower() == 'edge':
            return self.__get_edge_driver()

    def __get_chrome_driver(self):
        # 先封装简易代码
        # 加入系统环境判断
        chrome_options = Options()
        chrome_options.add_argument('--disable-gpu')  # 谷歌文档提到需要加上这个属性来规避bug
        chrome_options.add_argument('lang=zh_CN.UTF-8')  # 设置默认编码为utf-8
        chrome_options.add_experimental_option('useAutomationExtension', False)  # 取消chrome受自动控制提示
        chrome_options.add_experimental_option("excludeSwitches", ['enable-automation'])  # 取消chrome受自动控制提示
        if system_driver.lower() == "darwin":
            """如果是mac系统执行这个驱动"""
            chrome_path = os.path.join(current_path, '..', 'webdriver', 'chrome', 'chromedriver.exe')
            driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=chrome_path, options=chrome_options)
            return driver
        else:
            chrome_path = os.path.join(current_path, '..', 'webdriver', 'chrome', 'chromedriver93.exe')
            driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=chrome_path, options=chrome_options)
            return driver

    def __get_firefox_driver(self):
        if system_driver.lower() == "darwin":
            firefox_path = os.path.join(current_path, '..', 'webdriver', 'firefox', 'geckodriver')
            driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path=firefox_path)
            return driver
        else:
            firefox_path = os.path.join(current_path, '..', 'webdriver', 'firefox', 'geckodriver.exe')
            driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path=firefox_path)
            return driver

    def __get_edge_driver(self):
        """
        驱动下载地址：https://developer.microsoft.com/zh-cn/microsoft-edge/tools/webdriver/
        :return:
        """
        edge_path = os.path.join(current_path, '..', 'webdriver', 'edge', 'msedgedriver.exe')
        driver = webdriver.Edge(executable_path=edge_path)
        return driver


if __name__ == '__main__':
    driver = BrowserUtils().get_driver()
    driver.get("https://www.baidu.com")

到此 封装驱动类就结束了 小伙伴可以在不同的系统尝试一下

下一章节内容敬请期待